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Seafloor Litter in the Sinop İnceburun Coast in the Southern Black Sea

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 173 - 181, 01.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.348763

Öz

In this study,
abundance, distribution and type of seafloor litter were determined in the
Sinop Inceburun coast which is the northeast point of Turkey. Study was carried
out in October 2014 and proposed methods by Guidance on Monitoring of Marine
Litter in European Seas’ published by European Marine Strategy Framework
Directive Technical Subgroup on Marine Litter section of seafloor litter
adopted the region. Seafloor litter density was found mean 808.74±215.02 pieces
per km-2. The amount of litter was found maximum in 34 m depth. When
results were evaluated in terms of the type of material plastic was found
95.35% and encountered litter items were mainly composed of plastic bags. The
size groups were found generally small than 50 cm x 50 cm in the classification
according to the size groups. The data obtained from the study demonstrate that
the seafloor in the region have highly littered compared to the other studies
in the Black Sea. Marine litter pollution is a growing problem in the world all
of the world’s oceans and also the Black Sea. Necessary measurements must be
taken to solve this problem.

Kaynakça

  • Algan O, Gazioğlu C, Çağatay N, Yücel ZY, Gönençgil B. (1999). Sediment and water influxes into the Black Sea by Anatolian rivers. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 43: 61–79.
  • Algan O., Gazioglu C., Yucel Z., Cagatay N., Gonencgil B., (2000), Sediment and Freshwater Discharges of the Anatolian River into the Black Sea, IOC-BSRC Workshop «Black Sea Fluxes», Workshop Report No. 145. Paris: UNESCO, 38–50.
  • Algan, O., Gökaşan, E., Gazioğlu, C., Yücel, Z.Y., Alpar, B., Güneysu, C., Kirci, E., Demirel, S., Sari, E., Ongan, D. (2002). A high-resolution seismic study in Sakarya Delta and Submarine Canyon, southern Black Sea shelf. Continental Shelf Research 22, 1511–1527.
  • Allsopp, M., Walters, A., Santillo, D., Johnston, P. (2006). Plastic Debris in the World's Oceans Greenpeace, Amsterdam, Netherlands (43pp.).
  • Anton, E., Radu, G., Țiganov, G., Cristea, M. and Nenciu, M. (2013). The Situation Of Marine Litter Collected During Demersal Surveys in 2012 in the Romanıan Black Sea Area. Cercetări Marine 43:350-357.
  • Balkıs, N, Aksu, A.A. and Erşan, M.S. (2012). Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination of the Southern Black Sea Shelf, Turkey Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 19: 592-599.
  • Barnes, D.K., Galgani, F., Thompson, R.C., Barlaz, M. (2009). Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1526),1995-1998.
  • BSC (2007). Marine litter in the Black Sea Region. Black Sea Commission Publications 2007-1, Istanbul, Turkey, 148.
  • Gregory, M.R., Ryan, P.G. (1997). Pelagic plastics and other seaborne persistent synthetic debris: a review of Southern Hemisphere perspectives. In: Coe, J.M., Rogers, D.B. (Eds.), Marine Debris––Sources, Impacts and Solutions. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 49–66.
  • Güven, KC., Nesimigil, F., Cumalı, S., Yalçın, A., Gazioğlu, C. and Çoban, M. (2010). Anionic Detergent LAS pollution and Discharged amount from Turkish coasts to the Black Sea during 2004-2007. J. Black Sea/Medi,t. Environ., 16(1):5-24.
  • Hammer, J., Kraak, M. H.S., Parsons, J. R. (2012). Plastics in the Marine Environment: The Dark Side of a Modern Gift. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 220.
  • Ioakeimidis, C., Zeri, C., Kaberi, H., Galatchi, M., Antoniadis, K., Streftaris N., Galgani F., Papathanassiou E., Papatheodorou, G. (2014). A comparative study of marine litter on the seafloor of coastal areas in the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Seas. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 89:1-2.
  • Korotaev, G., Oguz, T., Nikiforov, A., and Koblinsky, C. (2003). Seasonal, interannual, and mesoscale variability of the Black Sea upper layer circulation derived from altimeter data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(C4), 3122. doi:10.1029/2002JC001508
  • Moncheva, S., Stefanova, K., Krastev, A., Apostolov A. Bat, L., Sezgin, M., Sahin, F., and Timofte, F. (2016). Marine Litter Quantification in the Black Sea: A Pilot Assessment. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.
  • MSFD Technical Subgroup on Marine Litter, (2013). Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas. Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union, 2013. 124 pp. DOI: 10.2788/99816
  • Official Journal of the European Union. 2.9.2010. COMMISSION DECISION of 1 September 2010 on criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status of marine waters. 2010/477/EU, L 232: 14-24.
  • Official Journal of the European Union. 25.06.2008. DIRECTIVES DIRECTIVE 2008/56/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive). L 164, 19-40.
  • Oğuz T, Tuğrul S, Kıdeyş A, Ediger V, Kubilay N (2005) Physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the Black Sea. In: Robinson AR, Brink KH (eds) The sea, Vol. 14, Chapter 33: 1331-1369.
  • Öztürk, B., Topaloğlu, B., Kıdeys, A., Bat, L., Keskin, Ç., Sezgin, M., Amaha Öztürk, A., Yalciner, A.C. (2013). A proposal for new marine protected areas along the Turkish Black Sea coast. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 19 (3), 365˗379.
  • Pawar, P. R., Shirgaonkar, S. S. and Patil, R.B. (2016). Plastic marine debris: Sources, distribution and impacts on coastal and ocean biodiversity. PENCIL Publication of Biological Sciences, 3(1), 40-54.
  • Tanaka, K., Takada, H. (2016). Microplastic fragments and microbeads in digestive tracts of planktivorous fish from urban coastal waters. Scientific Reports, 34351.
  • Terzi, Y. and Seyhan, K. (2013a). Preliminary investigation of benthic marine litter on eastern Black Sea. The First International Fisheries Symposium in Northern Cyprus, 24-27 Mart 2013.
  • Terzi, Y. and Seyhan, K. (2013b). Seasonal changes in the marine litter in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. INOC-IIUM- International Conferance on Oceanography and Sustainabe Marine Production: “A Challenge of Managing Marine Resources under Climate Change, ICOSMaP”, Kuantan- Malaysia.
  • Thompson, R. C., Swan, S. H., Moore, C. J. and vom Saal, F.S. (2009a). Our Plastic Age. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 364, 1973-1976. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0054
  • Thompson R. C., Moore C. J., vom Saal F. S. and Swan, S. H. (2009b). Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 364,2153–2166.
  • Topcu, E. N. and Öztürk, B. (2010). Abundance and composition of solid waste materials on the western part of the Turkish Black Sea seabed. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 13(3):301–306.
  • Topcu, E. N., Tonay, A. M., Dede, A., Öztürk, A. A. and Ozturk, B. (2013). Origin and abundance of marine litter along sandy beaches of the Turkish Western Black Sea Coast. Marine Environmental Research, 85:21-28.
  • UNEP (2005). Marine Litter, An Analytical Overview. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.
  • UNEP (2009). Marine Litter: A Global Challenge. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. 232 pp.
  • UNEP. (2011). Plastic Debris in the Oceans. UNEP Year Book 2011. 33.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat, L. (2015). Evaluation of Marine Litter on the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and Current Status in the Black Sea (in Turkish). Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research 1(3): 104-115.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat, L. (2016a). Marine Litter Pollution in Sinop Sarikum Lagoon Coast of the Black Sea (in Turkish). Turkish Marine Science Conference. Ankara, Turkey. 454 pp.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat., L. (2016b). Plastic Pollution in Sinop Sarikum Lagoon Coast in the Southern Black Sea. 41th CIESM Congress (The Mediterranean Science Commission). Kiel- Germany.
  • Yüce H. and Gazioğlu C. (2006). Maritime Security Challenges Ahead in the Black Sea, Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, Vol.12 (3): 233-250.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 173 - 181, 01.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.348763

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Algan O, Gazioğlu C, Çağatay N, Yücel ZY, Gönençgil B. (1999). Sediment and water influxes into the Black Sea by Anatolian rivers. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 43: 61–79.
  • Algan O., Gazioglu C., Yucel Z., Cagatay N., Gonencgil B., (2000), Sediment and Freshwater Discharges of the Anatolian River into the Black Sea, IOC-BSRC Workshop «Black Sea Fluxes», Workshop Report No. 145. Paris: UNESCO, 38–50.
  • Algan, O., Gökaşan, E., Gazioğlu, C., Yücel, Z.Y., Alpar, B., Güneysu, C., Kirci, E., Demirel, S., Sari, E., Ongan, D. (2002). A high-resolution seismic study in Sakarya Delta and Submarine Canyon, southern Black Sea shelf. Continental Shelf Research 22, 1511–1527.
  • Allsopp, M., Walters, A., Santillo, D., Johnston, P. (2006). Plastic Debris in the World's Oceans Greenpeace, Amsterdam, Netherlands (43pp.).
  • Anton, E., Radu, G., Țiganov, G., Cristea, M. and Nenciu, M. (2013). The Situation Of Marine Litter Collected During Demersal Surveys in 2012 in the Romanıan Black Sea Area. Cercetări Marine 43:350-357.
  • Balkıs, N, Aksu, A.A. and Erşan, M.S. (2012). Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination of the Southern Black Sea Shelf, Turkey Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 19: 592-599.
  • Barnes, D.K., Galgani, F., Thompson, R.C., Barlaz, M. (2009). Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1526),1995-1998.
  • BSC (2007). Marine litter in the Black Sea Region. Black Sea Commission Publications 2007-1, Istanbul, Turkey, 148.
  • Gregory, M.R., Ryan, P.G. (1997). Pelagic plastics and other seaborne persistent synthetic debris: a review of Southern Hemisphere perspectives. In: Coe, J.M., Rogers, D.B. (Eds.), Marine Debris––Sources, Impacts and Solutions. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 49–66.
  • Güven, KC., Nesimigil, F., Cumalı, S., Yalçın, A., Gazioğlu, C. and Çoban, M. (2010). Anionic Detergent LAS pollution and Discharged amount from Turkish coasts to the Black Sea during 2004-2007. J. Black Sea/Medi,t. Environ., 16(1):5-24.
  • Hammer, J., Kraak, M. H.S., Parsons, J. R. (2012). Plastics in the Marine Environment: The Dark Side of a Modern Gift. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 220.
  • Ioakeimidis, C., Zeri, C., Kaberi, H., Galatchi, M., Antoniadis, K., Streftaris N., Galgani F., Papathanassiou E., Papatheodorou, G. (2014). A comparative study of marine litter on the seafloor of coastal areas in the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Seas. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 89:1-2.
  • Korotaev, G., Oguz, T., Nikiforov, A., and Koblinsky, C. (2003). Seasonal, interannual, and mesoscale variability of the Black Sea upper layer circulation derived from altimeter data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(C4), 3122. doi:10.1029/2002JC001508
  • Moncheva, S., Stefanova, K., Krastev, A., Apostolov A. Bat, L., Sezgin, M., Sahin, F., and Timofte, F. (2016). Marine Litter Quantification in the Black Sea: A Pilot Assessment. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.
  • MSFD Technical Subgroup on Marine Litter, (2013). Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas. Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union, 2013. 124 pp. DOI: 10.2788/99816
  • Official Journal of the European Union. 2.9.2010. COMMISSION DECISION of 1 September 2010 on criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status of marine waters. 2010/477/EU, L 232: 14-24.
  • Official Journal of the European Union. 25.06.2008. DIRECTIVES DIRECTIVE 2008/56/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive). L 164, 19-40.
  • Oğuz T, Tuğrul S, Kıdeyş A, Ediger V, Kubilay N (2005) Physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the Black Sea. In: Robinson AR, Brink KH (eds) The sea, Vol. 14, Chapter 33: 1331-1369.
  • Öztürk, B., Topaloğlu, B., Kıdeys, A., Bat, L., Keskin, Ç., Sezgin, M., Amaha Öztürk, A., Yalciner, A.C. (2013). A proposal for new marine protected areas along the Turkish Black Sea coast. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 19 (3), 365˗379.
  • Pawar, P. R., Shirgaonkar, S. S. and Patil, R.B. (2016). Plastic marine debris: Sources, distribution and impacts on coastal and ocean biodiversity. PENCIL Publication of Biological Sciences, 3(1), 40-54.
  • Tanaka, K., Takada, H. (2016). Microplastic fragments and microbeads in digestive tracts of planktivorous fish from urban coastal waters. Scientific Reports, 34351.
  • Terzi, Y. and Seyhan, K. (2013a). Preliminary investigation of benthic marine litter on eastern Black Sea. The First International Fisheries Symposium in Northern Cyprus, 24-27 Mart 2013.
  • Terzi, Y. and Seyhan, K. (2013b). Seasonal changes in the marine litter in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. INOC-IIUM- International Conferance on Oceanography and Sustainabe Marine Production: “A Challenge of Managing Marine Resources under Climate Change, ICOSMaP”, Kuantan- Malaysia.
  • Thompson, R. C., Swan, S. H., Moore, C. J. and vom Saal, F.S. (2009a). Our Plastic Age. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 364, 1973-1976. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0054
  • Thompson R. C., Moore C. J., vom Saal F. S. and Swan, S. H. (2009b). Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 364,2153–2166.
  • Topcu, E. N. and Öztürk, B. (2010). Abundance and composition of solid waste materials on the western part of the Turkish Black Sea seabed. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 13(3):301–306.
  • Topcu, E. N., Tonay, A. M., Dede, A., Öztürk, A. A. and Ozturk, B. (2013). Origin and abundance of marine litter along sandy beaches of the Turkish Western Black Sea Coast. Marine Environmental Research, 85:21-28.
  • UNEP (2005). Marine Litter, An Analytical Overview. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.
  • UNEP (2009). Marine Litter: A Global Challenge. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. 232 pp.
  • UNEP. (2011). Plastic Debris in the Oceans. UNEP Year Book 2011. 33.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat, L. (2015). Evaluation of Marine Litter on the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and Current Status in the Black Sea (in Turkish). Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research 1(3): 104-115.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat, L. (2016a). Marine Litter Pollution in Sinop Sarikum Lagoon Coast of the Black Sea (in Turkish). Turkish Marine Science Conference. Ankara, Turkey. 454 pp.
  • Vişne, A. and Bat., L. (2016b). Plastic Pollution in Sinop Sarikum Lagoon Coast in the Southern Black Sea. 41th CIESM Congress (The Mediterranean Science Commission). Kiel- Germany.
  • Yüce H. and Gazioğlu C. (2006). Maritime Security Challenges Ahead in the Black Sea, Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, Vol.12 (3): 233-250.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ayşah Öztekin Bu kişi benim

Levent Bat

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztekin, A., & Bat, L. (2017). Seafloor Litter in the Sinop İnceburun Coast in the Southern Black Sea. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 4(3), 173-181. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.348763