İneklerde Foliküler Dalga Dinamikleri ve Ekzojen Kontrolü

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 30 - 51, 15.06.2019

Uğur Kara

Öz

Sığırlarda
folikül gelişimi dalgalar halinde gerçekleşir ve bir östrus siklusu süresince
genellikle iki ya da üç folikül dalgası görülür. Bir foliküler dalga aynı anda
büyümeye başlayan bir grup folikül içerir. Sığırlarda ovaryum foliküler
dinamikleri; küçük foliküllerin büyümesi, dominant folikül seçimi, dominant
folikülün atrezisi veya ovulasyonu ile sonraki siklusun başlamasını kapsar. Sığırlarda
antral folikül büyümesi iki aşamada meydana gelir; ilk aşama "yavaş"
büyüme aşamasıdır. Bu aşama antrum oluşumundan, folikülün ultrason ile tespit
edilebilecek yaklaşık 3 mm'lik bir çapa ulaşmasına kadar olan süreci kapsar. İkinci
aşama ise "hızlı büyüme" fazıdır. Bu süreç foliküllerin gonadotropine
bağımlı olduğu dönemdir ve folikül grubunun büyümesini, dominant folikül seçimini
ve büyümesini içerir. Sığırlarda sabit zamanlı suni tohumlama, embriyo
transferi ve süperovulasyon uygulamaları için foliküler dalga oluşumunun
senkronize edilmesine yönelik uygulamalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Foliküler
dalga oluşumunun senkronizasyonu uygulamaları fiziksel ya da hormonal olarak
dominant folikülün diğer foliküller üzerindeki baskılayıcı etkisini ortadan
kaldırılması temeline dayanmaktadır. Folikül ablasyonu uygulaması doğrudan
fiziksel olarak dominant folikülün baskılayıcı etkisini ortadan kaldırmaya
yönelik bir girişimdir. Hormonal uygulamalar ise dominant folikülün atrezi, luteinizasyonu
veya ovulasyonu sağlanarak baskılayıcı etkisinin ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik
bir uygulama şeklidir. Hormonal uygulama amacıyla östrojenler, progesteron,
GnRH ve LH kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede sığırlarda foliküler gelişim, foliküler
dalga dinamikleri ve foliküler dalga oluşumunun ekzojen kontrolü hakkında özet
bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Foliküler dalga, folikül ablasyonu, GnRH, LH, östrojen

Kaynakça

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