Üstün Yetenekli Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Mükemmelliyetçilik, Ruminasyon ve Depresyon İlişkisi: Derleme Çalışması

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 15.04.2019

Ebru Kalfa Özden Yalçınkaya Alkar

Öz

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, üstün yetenekli çocuk ve ergenlerde görülen mükemmeliyetçilik ve
depresyon değişkenleri ile ruminasyon eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamaya
yönelik yapılan araştırmaları incelemektir. Üstün yetenekli bireylerin bir veya
birden fazla alanda sahip olduğu yüksek potansiyel, kendilerinden her zaman en
iyi sonucu istemelerine ve gerçekçi olmayan beklentilere sahip olmalarına neden
olabilmektedir. Bu durum mükemmeliyetçilik olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Beklentilerini gerçekleştiremediklerinde yaşadıkları başarısızlık düşüncesi ile
başetmekte zorlanan üstün yetenekli çocuk ve ergenler, içsel motivasyonlarını
kaybetmekte ve depresif belirtiler gösterme eğilimleri artmaktadır. Yapılan
araştırmalar, yüksek mükemmeliyetçiliğe sahip üstün yetenekli bireylerin
ruminasyon eğiliminin de yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ruminasyon, olumsuz
durumlara yönelik tekrarlayıcı ve adaptif olmayan düşünce olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Ruminatif  düşünme
biçimine sahip bireyler yaşadıkları olumsuz yaşam olaylarına yönelik
tekrarlayıcı olarak düşünmekte ancak harekete geçmekte zorlanmaktadır.
Mükemmelliyetçi üstün yetenekli bireyler beklentilerini
gerçekleştiremediklerinde, olumsuz duruma yönelik tekrarlayıcı düşünceye sahip
olmakta ve bu durumla başa çıkamadıklarında depresif belirtiler
gösterebilmektedirler. Üstün yetenekli çocuk ve ergenlerin var olan yüksek
potansiyellerini ortaya çıkarmaları ve kullanabilmeleri hem kendileri hem de
toplum için önemlidir Bu sebeple bu potansiyellerinin önünde engel
oluşturabilecek faktörlerin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Psikolojik sağlıklarının
korunması ve iyileştirilmesi için bu konuda yapılan araştrmalar incelenmiş ve
bu çalışmada bir araya getirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

üstün yeteneklilik, mükemmelliyetçilik, ruminasyon, depresyon

The Relationship of Perfectionism, Rumination and Depression in Gifted Children and Adolescents: A Literature Review

Öz

The aim
of this study is to investigate the relationship between rumination tendencies,
perfectionism and depression variables in gifted children and adolescents. The
high potential of gifted children in one or more areas can cause them to always
want the best results and have unrealistic expectations (from themselves). This
situation is defined as perfectionism. When perfectionist gifted children and
adolescents, who have difficulty in coping with the idea of failure, cannot
fulfill their expectations, they lose their intrinsic motivations and show
increasing tendencies to demonstrate depressive symptoms. Researches show that
gifted individuals with high perfectionism have high rumination tendencies.
Rumination is defined as repetitive and non-adaptive thinking for negative
situations. Individuals with ruminative thinking style repetitively think about
negative life events however they have difficulty in taking action. When the
perfectionist gifted children cannot fullfill their expectations, they develop
ruminative thoughts for the negative situation and show depressive symptoms if
they cannot cope with this situation. Discovery and usage of gifted children’s
and adolescents’ ability is important both for themselves and the society. For
this reason, it is important to determine the factors that may be an obstacle
to these potentials. In order to protect and improve psychological health of
these children, researches (literature) on this subject have been examined and
brought together in this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

gifted, perfectionism, rumination, depression

Kaynakça

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