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Technical and Scale Efficiency of the Turkish Automotive Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 58 - 71, 30.11.2018

Öz

In this study, regarding to the period of 2011-2015, the technical and scale efficiencies of 14 firms as well as the changes of their total factor productivities were analyzed. In identifying the relative efficiencies of the firms, Data Enveloping Analysis were utilized, and in introducing the variation of total factor productivity in time Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index. According to the results of analysis, under the assumption of constant return, in the years of 2011 and 2013, it was identified that only Oyak Renault reached maximum output and in the years of 2012, 2014, and 2015, Hyundai Assan and Oyak Renault. Under the assumption of variable return, it was identified that in the years of 2011, 2012, 2014 and, 2015, A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Hyundai Assan, Otokar, Oyak Renault and Türk Traktör took place on the frontier of full production and in 2013, A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Otokar, Oyak Renault and Türk Traktör. When scale efficiencies are examined, it was identified that in the years of 2011 and 2013, Oyak Renault made production in optimal production scale and in the years of 2012, 2014, and 2015, Hyundai Assan and Oyak Renault, while the scale efficiencies of the other firms were less than from the other aspect, it was identified that total factor productivity of Turkish automotive industry increased by 14% and that maximum increase on the basis of firm actualized in the firm A.I.O.S.

Kaynakça

  • Afriat S.N. (1972). Efficiency Estimation of Production Functions, International Economic Review 13 (3): 568-598.
  • Ali A.I. and Seiford L.M. (1993). The Mathematical Programming Approach to Efficiency Analysis, in Fried H.O., Lovell C.A.K. and Schmidt S.S. (Eds) The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications Oxford University Press, New York: 120-159.
  • Ara S. (2016). Comparison Between Conventional Banking And Islamic Banking In Terms of X-Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Index Analysis, in Emrouznejad A., Banker R., Ray S.C. and Chen L. (Eds), Recent Applications of Data Envelopment Analysis Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of DEA, May 2016, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China: 19-25.
  • Banker R.D., Charnes A. and Cooper W.W. (1984). Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis, Management Science 30(9): 1078-1092.
  • Boles J.N. (1966). Efficiency Squared--Efficient Computation of Efficiency Indexes, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (Western Farm Economics Association) 39: 137-142.
  • Çakır S. and Perçin S. (2012). Efficiency Measurement in Public Sugar Refineries: DEA-Malmquist TFP Application, Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12(4): 49-64.
  • Charnes A., Cooper W.W. and Rhodes E. (1978). Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operations Research 2(6): 429-444.
  • Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y. and Seiford L.M. (1995). Chapter 2 Basic DEA Models-Chapter 3 Extensions to DEA Models, in Charnes, A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y. and Seiford L.M. (eds), Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Applications Springer Netherlands: 23-61.
  • Chen Y. (2011). Productivity of Automobile Industries using the Malmquist Index: Evidence from the Last Economic Recession, Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra 4(2): 165-181.
  • Çoban O. (2007). Türk Otomotiv Sanayiinde Endüstriyel Verimlilik ve Etkinlik, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (29): 17-36.
  • Çoban O., Doğanalp N. and Yıldırım E. (2009). Veri Zarflama AnaliziYardımıyla Şeker Endüstrisinde Faaliyet Gösteren İşletmelerin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Konya Şeker Endüstrisi Örneği, 10. Ekonometri ve İstatistik Sempozyumu Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF, Ekonometri Bölümü, 27–29 May, Palandöken/Erzurum.
  • Çoban O., Yorgancılar F.N. and Kabaklarlı E. (2015). Testing The Effects of BRSA on Turkish Banking Sector by Malmquist Index (1995-2010), Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8(2): 121-141.
  • Coelli T.J., Rao D.S.P., O’Donnell C.J. and Battese G.E. (2005). An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Second Edition, Springer, USA.
  • Färe R., Grosskopf S., Norris M. and Zhang Z. (1994). Productivity Growth, Technical Progress, and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries, The American Economic Review 84(1): 66-83.
  • Farrell M.J. (1957). The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General), Part III, 120(3): 253-290.
  • Kök R. and Çoban O. (2002). Problems of SMEs, Analytical Solution Strategies and Competition Opportunities- An Efficiency Analysis in Kahramanmaraş Textile Industry at Firm Level, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the 21. Century: Problems, Opportunities and Solutions’ Conference Gazi Magusa, January 3-4: 80-96.
  • Kök R. and Deliktaş E. (2003). Endüstri İktisadında Verimlilik Ölçme ve Strateji Geliştirme Teknikleri, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İİBF Yayını, İzmir.
  • Kumar N., Satya A. and Singari R.M. (2017). Evaluation of Efficiency of Automobile Manufacturing Companies in India Using Data Envelopment Analysis, International Journal of Advanced Production and Industrial Engineering 2(1): 1-6.
  • Lorcu F. (2010). Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi: Türk Otomotiv Sanayi Uygulaması, İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 39(2): 276-289.
  • Lovell C.A.K. (1993). Production Frontiers and Productive Efficiency, in Fried H.O., Lovell C.A.K. and Schmidt S.S. (Eds) The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications. Oxford University Press, New York: 3-67.
  • Lovell C.A.K. (1994). Linear Programming Approaches to the Measurement and Analysis of Productive Efficiency, Top 2(2): 175-248.
  • Malmquist S. (1953). Index Numbers and Indifference Surfaces, Trabajos de Estatistica 4(2): 209-242.
  • Maritz A. and Shieh C-J (2013). Performance Analysis of Automobile Industry in Taiwan with Data Envelopment Analysis, https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/631c696a-5464-4601-b6d8-68594ab0e5c9/1/PDF%20%28Published%20version%29.pdf, (02.11.2018).
  • OSD (2016). General and Statistical Information Bulletin of Automotive Manufacturers, http://www.osd.org.tr/sites/1/upload/files/YILLIK2016-146.pdf, (15.01.2017).
  • Seiford L.M. (1996). Data Envelopment Analysis: The Evolution of the State of the Art (1978-1995), Journal of Productivity Analysis 7(2): 99-138.
  • Seiford L.M. and Thrall R.M. (1990). Recent Developments in DEA: The Mathematical Approach to Frontier Analysis, Journal of Econometrics 46(1-2): 7-38.
  • Tatlı H. and Bayrak R. (2016). Borsa İstanbul’da Kayıtlı Otomativ Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren Firmaların Etkinliklerinin Statik ve Dinamik Veri Zarflama Analizi Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi, Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi 4(1): 119-145.
  • Tran D-H. and Ngo D-T. (2014). Performance of the Vietnamese Automobile Industry: A Measurement using DEA, Asian Journal of Business and Management 2(3): 184-191.

Veri Zarflama Analizi Yardımıyla Türk Otomotiv Endüstrisinde Teknik ve Ölçek Etkinliği

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 58 - 71, 30.11.2018

Öz

Bu araştırmada 2011-2015 dönemi dikkate alınarak, otomotiv ana sanayinde faaliyet gösteren 14 firmanın teknik ve ölçek etkinliklerinin yanı sıra toplam faktör verimliliklerindeki değişmeler analiz edilmiştir. Firmaların göreli etkinliklerinin belirlenmesinde Veri Zarflama Analizinden, toplam faktör verimliliğinin zaman içindeki değişiminin ortaya konulmasında Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, ölçeğe göre sabit getiri varsayımı altında 2011 ve 2013 yıllarında sadece Oyak Renault’un 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında ise sadece Hyundai Assan ve Oyak Renault’un maksimum çıktıya ulaştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Değişken getiri varsayımı altında ise 2011, 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Hyundai Assan, Otokar, Oyak Renault ve Türk Traktör’ün, 2013 yılında ise A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Otokar, Oyak Renault ve Türk Traktör’ün tam üretim sınırı üzerinde yer aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Ölçek etkinlikleri incelendiğinde ise, 2011 ve 2013 yıllarında Oyak Renault’un, 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında ise Hyundai Assan ve Oyak Renault’un optimal üretim ölçeğinde üretim yaptıkları, diğer firmaların ise ölçek etkinliklerinin 1’den küçük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan Türk otomotiv sanayinin toplam faktör verimliliğinin % 14 arttığı,  firma bazında en fazla artışın A.I.O.S. firmasında gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Afriat S.N. (1972). Efficiency Estimation of Production Functions, International Economic Review 13 (3): 568-598.
  • Ali A.I. and Seiford L.M. (1993). The Mathematical Programming Approach to Efficiency Analysis, in Fried H.O., Lovell C.A.K. and Schmidt S.S. (Eds) The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications Oxford University Press, New York: 120-159.
  • Ara S. (2016). Comparison Between Conventional Banking And Islamic Banking In Terms of X-Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Index Analysis, in Emrouznejad A., Banker R., Ray S.C. and Chen L. (Eds), Recent Applications of Data Envelopment Analysis Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of DEA, May 2016, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China: 19-25.
  • Banker R.D., Charnes A. and Cooper W.W. (1984). Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis, Management Science 30(9): 1078-1092.
  • Boles J.N. (1966). Efficiency Squared--Efficient Computation of Efficiency Indexes, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (Western Farm Economics Association) 39: 137-142.
  • Çakır S. and Perçin S. (2012). Efficiency Measurement in Public Sugar Refineries: DEA-Malmquist TFP Application, Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12(4): 49-64.
  • Charnes A., Cooper W.W. and Rhodes E. (1978). Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units, European Journal of Operations Research 2(6): 429-444.
  • Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y. and Seiford L.M. (1995). Chapter 2 Basic DEA Models-Chapter 3 Extensions to DEA Models, in Charnes, A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y. and Seiford L.M. (eds), Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Applications Springer Netherlands: 23-61.
  • Chen Y. (2011). Productivity of Automobile Industries using the Malmquist Index: Evidence from the Last Economic Recession, Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra 4(2): 165-181.
  • Çoban O. (2007). Türk Otomotiv Sanayiinde Endüstriyel Verimlilik ve Etkinlik, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (29): 17-36.
  • Çoban O., Doğanalp N. and Yıldırım E. (2009). Veri Zarflama AnaliziYardımıyla Şeker Endüstrisinde Faaliyet Gösteren İşletmelerin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi: Konya Şeker Endüstrisi Örneği, 10. Ekonometri ve İstatistik Sempozyumu Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF, Ekonometri Bölümü, 27–29 May, Palandöken/Erzurum.
  • Çoban O., Yorgancılar F.N. and Kabaklarlı E. (2015). Testing The Effects of BRSA on Turkish Banking Sector by Malmquist Index (1995-2010), Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8(2): 121-141.
  • Coelli T.J., Rao D.S.P., O’Donnell C.J. and Battese G.E. (2005). An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Second Edition, Springer, USA.
  • Färe R., Grosskopf S., Norris M. and Zhang Z. (1994). Productivity Growth, Technical Progress, and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries, The American Economic Review 84(1): 66-83.
  • Farrell M.J. (1957). The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General), Part III, 120(3): 253-290.
  • Kök R. and Çoban O. (2002). Problems of SMEs, Analytical Solution Strategies and Competition Opportunities- An Efficiency Analysis in Kahramanmaraş Textile Industry at Firm Level, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the 21. Century: Problems, Opportunities and Solutions’ Conference Gazi Magusa, January 3-4: 80-96.
  • Kök R. and Deliktaş E. (2003). Endüstri İktisadında Verimlilik Ölçme ve Strateji Geliştirme Teknikleri, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İİBF Yayını, İzmir.
  • Kumar N., Satya A. and Singari R.M. (2017). Evaluation of Efficiency of Automobile Manufacturing Companies in India Using Data Envelopment Analysis, International Journal of Advanced Production and Industrial Engineering 2(1): 1-6.
  • Lorcu F. (2010). Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi: Türk Otomotiv Sanayi Uygulaması, İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 39(2): 276-289.
  • Lovell C.A.K. (1993). Production Frontiers and Productive Efficiency, in Fried H.O., Lovell C.A.K. and Schmidt S.S. (Eds) The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications. Oxford University Press, New York: 3-67.
  • Lovell C.A.K. (1994). Linear Programming Approaches to the Measurement and Analysis of Productive Efficiency, Top 2(2): 175-248.
  • Malmquist S. (1953). Index Numbers and Indifference Surfaces, Trabajos de Estatistica 4(2): 209-242.
  • Maritz A. and Shieh C-J (2013). Performance Analysis of Automobile Industry in Taiwan with Data Envelopment Analysis, https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/631c696a-5464-4601-b6d8-68594ab0e5c9/1/PDF%20%28Published%20version%29.pdf, (02.11.2018).
  • OSD (2016). General and Statistical Information Bulletin of Automotive Manufacturers, http://www.osd.org.tr/sites/1/upload/files/YILLIK2016-146.pdf, (15.01.2017).
  • Seiford L.M. (1996). Data Envelopment Analysis: The Evolution of the State of the Art (1978-1995), Journal of Productivity Analysis 7(2): 99-138.
  • Seiford L.M. and Thrall R.M. (1990). Recent Developments in DEA: The Mathematical Approach to Frontier Analysis, Journal of Econometrics 46(1-2): 7-38.
  • Tatlı H. and Bayrak R. (2016). Borsa İstanbul’da Kayıtlı Otomativ Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren Firmaların Etkinliklerinin Statik ve Dinamik Veri Zarflama Analizi Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi, Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi 4(1): 119-145.
  • Tran D-H. and Ngo D-T. (2014). Performance of the Vietnamese Automobile Industry: A Measurement using DEA, Asian Journal of Business and Management 2(3): 184-191.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayşe Çoban Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-7844-7633

Orhan Çoban 0000-0001-6137-8937

Duygu Baysal Kurt Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8364-0705

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mart 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çoban, A., Çoban, O., & Baysal Kurt, D. (2018). Technical and Scale Efficiency of the Turkish Automotive Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(2), 58-71.