A Research of Samsun City Floods with Infrastructure Problems

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 22 - 34, 28.08.2018

Neslihan Beden Hesham Alrayess Aslı Ulke

Öz

Samsun is the largest city of the Turkey’s
Middle Blacksea region, between Kizilirmak and Yesilirmak river deltas. With a height of 735 mm mean annual
precipitation Samsun is above the national average. In addition to Kizilirmak
and Yesilirmak rivers, there are many large and small streams in study area. Samsun
city is exposed to floods every two to three years. A long-time series of
damaging flood records in Samsun for 1960–2017, gathered from many documentary
sources, is reviewed. In this study, a historical chronology of Samsun city
floods has given the reasons for flood, the relationship between existing
engineering structures with flood events, and to minimize flood damage in the
event of any flood precautions to be taken by local authorities are discussed.
Depending on the rapid growth and development of urbanization, the decrease of
rural areas, the paving of soil floors with concrete and asphalt and
impermeable materials, most of the precipitation has become runoff, and besides
the infrastructure system has not been able to carry that flow. Some dry stream
beds were ignored and transform into the streets, stream beds were zoned for
construction and multi-story buildings were built on them. Over the years, a
filling area of about 500 m was built in the sea-facing part of the city. For
this reason, rainwater which coming from the sloping southern ceiling reaches
to the flat area and must reach the sea through the filling. The lack of
adequate infrastructures caused the water could not reach the sea and caused a
wound in this region. According to the data of the State Hydraulic Works, over
the last 20 years, more than 300 floods have come to the whole of Turkey and
about 500 people have lost their lives in these floods. Floods are natural
phenomena for Turkey like earthquakes, but the human factor is turned these
natural phenomena into a disaster.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Flood History, Samsun, Turkey

Kaynakça

• web, 2017. “http://samsun.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/samsun.pdf” (Last visit 05.05.2017)
• Ulke, A., Uslu, A., Beden, N., 2013. Historical Chronology of Samsun City Floods and 2012 Year Samsun Flood. Taskin ve Heyelan Sempozyumu 2013, 555-564.
• Devlet Su İşleri 7. Bölge Müdürlüğü Samsun, (Aralık 2012) “2012 Samsun Taşkınları Raporu”.
• Marım G., “Suyun Yerel Yönetimlerden İntikamı Ağır Oldu”, TMH - Türkiye Mühendislik Haberleri, sayı 455 - 2009/3, 2002.
• TMMOB Mimarlar Odası Samsun Şubesi, (2012). “Samsun’da Yaşanan Afete İlişkin Rapor”, Samsun.
• Uşkay S., Aksu S., (2002). “Ülkemizde Taşkınlar, Nedenleri, Zararları ve Alınması Gereken Önlemler”, TMH - Türkiye Mühendislik Haberleri, Sayı 420-421-422 / 2002/4-5-6.