Çocukluk Çağı Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemileri

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 83 - 90, 08.05.2015

Kadir Yümlü

https://doi.org/10.18229/ktd.89419

Cited By: 1

Öz

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the most common group of cancers in childhood. It is more common in males. In the pathogenesis, some diseases with genetic disorders, exposure to chemical agents, and some chromosomal abnormalities have been thought to be responsible. The disease initially presents with nonspecific symptoms such as weakness, paleness, bleeding and fever. Diagnosis of the disease is made by physical examination and analiysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow biopsy. Risk-oriented protocols of chemotherapy reduces side effects while increasing survival rates. In recent years, 5-year survival rates have reached up to 80%in some studies

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acute, leukemia, lymphoblastic

Çocukluk Çağı Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemileri

Öz

Akut lenfoblastik lösemi çocukluk çağının en çok görülen kanserlerinden birisidir. Erkek çocuklarda daha sık görülür. Etiyopatogenezinde genetik bozuklukla giden bazı hastalıklar, kimyasal ajanlara maruziyet ve bazı kromozomal anomaliler sorumlu tutulmuştur. Hastalık ilk olarak halsizlik, solukluk, kanama ve ateş gibi nonspesifik belirtilerle kendini gösterir. Fizik muayenede en çok lenfadenopati, hepatosplenomegali, solukluk ve cilt döküntüleri izlenir. Tanısı fizik muayene, periferik kan ve kemik iliği incelemesi ile konulur. Tedavide risk yönelimli kemoterapi protokolleri ile bir yandan yan etkiler azaltılırken diğer yandan yaşam oranları artırılmaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan bazı çalışmalarda 5 yıllık sağ kalım oranları %80’ler düzeylerine çekilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, lösemi, lenfoblastik

Kaynakça

• Elmas SA, Yetgin S, Kuskonmaz B, et al. Akut lösemi. Katkı Dergisi 2004;26(2):372- 403.
• Poplack DG, Margolin JF .Management of common cancers of childhood in: Poplack, editors. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Onkology I. Philedelphia Saunders, 1997:409-504.
• Apak H. İ.Ü.Cerrahpasa Tıp Fakültesi Tıp Egitimi Sempozyum No:45. Kasım 2005:155-9.
• Artan AE, Sengelen M, Vaizoglu SA. Önlenebilir çocukluk çağı kanserleri. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2004;26(1):48-54.
• Bennet JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT. Proposals for the classitification of the acute leukemias. Br J Haematol 1976;33(4):451-8.
• Bennet JM, Catvsky D, Daniel MT, et al. French- American-British Morphological classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: concosdance among observers and clinical correlations. Br J Haematol 1981:47(4):533-61.
• Lanzkowsky P. Leukemias. Manual of pediatric hematology oncology. 4th Edition, Elseiver Academic Pres, 2005:415-50.
• Orkin SH, Fisher DE, Look AT, et al. Hematology of infancy and childhood. 7th Edition, Philedelphia Saunders. Acute lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia in: Nathan DG (Editors). 2009:298-374.
• Lilleyman JS, Hann IM, Stevens RF, et al. The French American British morphological classification of childhood lymphoblastic leukemia and its clinical importence. J Clin Pathol 1986;39(9):998-1002.
• Miller DR, Krailo M, Bleyer WA. Prognostic implications of blast cell morphology in acute lymphoblastic leukemia:A report form the Children’s Cancer Study Group. Cancer Treat Rep 1985;69(10):1211-21.
• Ching H Pui. Childhood Leukemias. St Jude Children’s Research Hospital Memphis, Tennesse, Cambridge Universty Pres, 2006;2-190.
• Celkan T. Akut lösemiler. Klinik Gelisim Dergisi 2007;20(2):14-32.
• Licthman MA, Beutler E, Selishon U, et al. Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Williams Hematology. 7th Edition, 2007:87-91.
• Owen PS, Ian MH. Clinical features and thrapy of lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Hematology. 3th Edition, 2006;20:450-87.
• McKenna RW. Multifaceted aproach to the diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia. Clin Chem 2000;46(8):1252-9.
• Pui CH, Williams DL, Roberson PK, et al. Correlation of karyotype and immunophenotype in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1988:6(1):56-61.
• Puı CH, Williams DL, Kalwinsky DK, et al. Cytogenetic features and serum lactic dehidrogenase level predict a poor treatment outcome for children with PreB cell. Leukemia 1986;67(6):1688-92.
• Kantarjian HM, Wolff RA, Koller CA. The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology. 2007:192-3.
• Arıco M, Valsecchi MG, Camıtta B, et al. Outcome of treatement in children with philedelphia choromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2000;342(14):998-1006.
• Fıratlı T.Akut lösemi etiyopatogenezi: Sitogenetik. XXX. Ulusal Hematoloji Kongresi 2006:119-26.
• Kale G, Coskun T, Yurdakök M. Pediatride tanı ve tedavi Hacettepe uygulamaları. 2009:486-93.
• Puı CH. Childhood leukemia. N Engl J Med 1995;332(24):1618-30.
• Raimondi SC, Behm FG, Roberson PK, et al. Cytogenetics of T cell leukemia. Blood 1988;72(5):1560-6.
• Leikin S, Miller D, Sather H. Immunologıc evaluation in the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A report from childrens cancer study group. Blood 1981;58(3):501-4.
• Smith M, Bleyer A, Crist W, et al. Uniform criteria for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk classification. J Clin Oncol 1996;14(2):680-1.
• Crist W, Boyett J, Roper M, et al. Pre-B cell leukemia responds poorly to treatment: a pediatric oncology group study. Blood 1984;63(2):407-14.
• Schrappe M, Reiter A, Zimmermann M, et al. Long- term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster. Leukemia 2000;14(12):2205-22.
• Gaynon PS, Desai AA, Bostrom BC, et al. Early response to therapy and outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a review. Cancer 1997;80(9):1717-26.
• Coustan-Smith E, Behm FG, Sanchez J, et al. Immunological detection of minimal residual disease in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet 1998;351(9102):550-4.
• Puı CH, Evans WE. Drug therapy treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2006;354(2):166- 78.
• Rubnitz JE, Puı C-H. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The Oncologist 1997;2(6):374-80.