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Investigation of Joint Reaction Forces and Moments During the Countermovement and Squat Jump

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 58 - 71, 15.09.2017

Öz



The purpose of the study is to determine the force and the moments
(torques) using the inverse dynamic modelling acting on the joints during
countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) by using link segment modelling. An
elite male volleyball player participated in this study (Height = 1.85 m, Weight = 80 kg). One high-speed
cameras operating at 500 frames per second were used to record the player’s
countermovement and squat jumping (Basler A 602f high speed camera).
Captured views were digitized in the SIMI Motion 7.3 (SIMI Reality Motion
Systems GmbH-Germany) by tracking 9 anthropometrical markers. Displacement data
were filtered with 4th order 8Hz low pass Butterworth filter.
Segment’s centre of gravity was computed linear velocity and
accelerations.  Angles were calculated
and it used to compute angular velocity and accelerations. Joint reaction
forces and moments were computed by applying the inverse dynamic analysis into
the calculated kinematic values. As result; the height of jump was higher in
CMJ than SJ whereas resultant ground reaction force (GRF) was slightly higher
in SJ compared to CMJ (SJ: 1749.8
N, CMJ: 1710.3 N). Furthermore, there were
two different GRF peaks during CMJ and SJ. These peaks were occurred due to the
backward movement of trunk, upper arm, lower arm and head during from descent
to ascent. Meanwhile shank and thigh were moving the downward. In other words,
it was observed a preparation phase between the descent phase (or stage or
state) and ascent phase both jumps (at CMJ and SJ). Calculated moments in the
CMJ jumping were higher than the SJ.




Kaynakça

  • Bobbert, M.F., Gerritsen, K.G.M., Litjens, M.C.A., Van Soest, A.J. (1996). Why is countermovement jump height greater than squat jump height? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(11), 1402-1412.
  • Chandler, R. F., Clauser, C. E., McConville, J. T., Reynolds, H. M., Young, J. W. (1975). Investigation of inertial properties of the human body. AMRL Technical Report. Dayton, OH: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.74-137.
  • Enoka, R.M. (1988). Neuromechanical basis of kinesiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Feltner, M.E., Elijah, J.B., Cassandra, M.P. (2004). Segmental and kinetic contributions in vertical jumps performed with and without an arm swing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75(3), 216-230.
  • Feltner, M.E., Fraschetti, D.J., Crisp R.J. (1999). Upper extremity augmentation of lower extremity kinetics during countermovement vertical jumps. Journal of Sports Science, 17, 449-466.
  • Fukashiro, S., Komi, P.V. (1987). Joint moment and mechanical power flow of the lower limb during vertical jump. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(Suppl.1), 15-21.
  • Harbili, E., Arıtan S. (2006). Koparma tekniğinin biyomekaniği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(3), 124-142.
  • Harman, E.A., Rosenstein, M.T., Frykman, P.N., Rosenstein, R.M. (1990). The effects of arms and countermovement on vertical jumping. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22, 825-833.
  • Rızaoğlu, E., Sünel, N. (2002). Klasik mekanik. Ankara: Ankara Ofset.
  • Spagele, T., Kistner, A., Gollhofer, A. (1999a). A multi-phase optimal control technique for the simulation of a human vertical jump. Journal of Biomechanics. 32, 87-91.
  • Spagele, T., Kistner, A., Gollhofer, A. (1999b). Modelling, simulation and optimization of a human vertical jump. Journal of Biomechanics, 32, 521-530.
  • Vanezis, V., Lees, A. (2005). A biomechanical analysis of good and poor performers of the vertical jump. Ergonomics, 48(11), 1594-1603.
  • Vanrenterghem, J., Lees, A., Lenoir, M., Aerts, P., De Clercq, D. (2004). Performing the vertical jump: Movement adaptations for submaximal jumping. Human Movement Science, 22, 713-727.
  • Winter, D. (2005). Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Yeadon, M. R., Morlock, M. (1989). The appropriate use of regression equations for the estimation of segmental inertia parameters. Journal of Biomechanics, 22(6/7), 683-689.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 58 - 71, 15.09.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bobbert, M.F., Gerritsen, K.G.M., Litjens, M.C.A., Van Soest, A.J. (1996). Why is countermovement jump height greater than squat jump height? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(11), 1402-1412.
  • Chandler, R. F., Clauser, C. E., McConville, J. T., Reynolds, H. M., Young, J. W. (1975). Investigation of inertial properties of the human body. AMRL Technical Report. Dayton, OH: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.74-137.
  • Enoka, R.M. (1988). Neuromechanical basis of kinesiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Feltner, M.E., Elijah, J.B., Cassandra, M.P. (2004). Segmental and kinetic contributions in vertical jumps performed with and without an arm swing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75(3), 216-230.
  • Feltner, M.E., Fraschetti, D.J., Crisp R.J. (1999). Upper extremity augmentation of lower extremity kinetics during countermovement vertical jumps. Journal of Sports Science, 17, 449-466.
  • Fukashiro, S., Komi, P.V. (1987). Joint moment and mechanical power flow of the lower limb during vertical jump. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(Suppl.1), 15-21.
  • Harbili, E., Arıtan S. (2006). Koparma tekniğinin biyomekaniği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(3), 124-142.
  • Harman, E.A., Rosenstein, M.T., Frykman, P.N., Rosenstein, R.M. (1990). The effects of arms and countermovement on vertical jumping. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22, 825-833.
  • Rızaoğlu, E., Sünel, N. (2002). Klasik mekanik. Ankara: Ankara Ofset.
  • Spagele, T., Kistner, A., Gollhofer, A. (1999a). A multi-phase optimal control technique for the simulation of a human vertical jump. Journal of Biomechanics. 32, 87-91.
  • Spagele, T., Kistner, A., Gollhofer, A. (1999b). Modelling, simulation and optimization of a human vertical jump. Journal of Biomechanics, 32, 521-530.
  • Vanezis, V., Lees, A. (2005). A biomechanical analysis of good and poor performers of the vertical jump. Ergonomics, 48(11), 1594-1603.
  • Vanrenterghem, J., Lees, A., Lenoir, M., Aerts, P., De Clercq, D. (2004). Performing the vertical jump: Movement adaptations for submaximal jumping. Human Movement Science, 22, 713-727.
  • Winter, D. (2005). Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Yeadon, M. R., Morlock, M. (1989). The appropriate use of regression equations for the estimation of segmental inertia parameters. Journal of Biomechanics, 22(6/7), 683-689.
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm MOVEMENT AND TRAINING
Yazarlar

Ahmet Alptekin

Serdar Arıtan

Erbil Harbili

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Alptekin, A., Arıtan, S., & Harbili, E. (2017). Investigation of Joint Reaction Forces and Moments During the Countermovement and Squat Jump. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 8(3), 58-71.