THE PERFORMANCE OF ETHIOPIAN MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 16, 307 - 324, 31.12.2018

Semira Hassen Alı Solomon Alemu

Öz

The objective of this study is measuring the performance
of Ethiopian microfinance institutions (MFIs) and assessing challenges and
prospects of the sector by using 15 sample MFIs over the period between
2003-2009.The performances of the institutions was measured by the most widely
applied performance indicators that is developed by the Small Enterprise
Education and Promotion Network (the SEEP Network) and Consultative Group to
Assist the Poor (CGAP). The finding of the study revealed that the sector
outreach in terms of number of active client and gross loan portfolio increase
at decreasing rate and the percent of women participation is limited. In
addition, it is proofed that most of the Ethiopian MFIs are operationally self-sufficient
but not financially sustainable and profitable. Based on the Pearson
correlation the study discovered that there is a strong positive association
between number of active clients and operationally self-sufficient. Since most
of Ethiopian MFIs give group based loan it will be good for them to continue
this tradition so as to decrease operational cost per borrower and to increase
the number of clients. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Microfinance, Outreach, Sustainability, Challenge

THE PERFORMANCE OF ETHIOPIAN MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Öz

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, 2003-2009 yılları arasında 15 örnek MFI kullanarak Etiyopya
mikrofinans kurumlarının (MFI) performansını ölçmek ve sektörün zorluklarını ve
beklentilerini değerlendirmektir. Kurumların performansları Küçük Kurumsal
Eğitim ve Tanıtım Ağı (SEEP Ağı) ve Yoksullara Destek Verme İstişari Grubu
(CGAP) tarafından geliştirilen göstergeler ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırmanın
bulguları, aktif müşteri sayısı ve brüt kredi portföyü bazında sektörel
erişimin azalan oranda arttığını ve kadınların katılımının yüzdesinin sınırlı
olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, Etiyopya MFI'larının çoğunun operasyonel
olarak kendi kendine yeterli olduğu, ancak finansal olarak sürdürülebilir ve
kârlı olmadığı kanıtlanmıştır. Pearson korelasyonuna dayanarak elde edilen
bulgulara göre, aktif müşteri sayısı ile operasyonel olarak kendi kendine
yeterlilik arasında güçlü bir pozitif ilişki mevcuttur. Etiyopyalı MFI'ların
çoğunun grup bazlı kredi vermesi nedeniyle borçluya düşen işletme maliyetini
azaltmak ve müşteri sayısını artırmak için bu yöntemi sürdürmeleri iyi
olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikrofinans, Sosyal Yardım, Sürdürülebilirlik, Mücadele

Kaynakça

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