Türkiye’de Sağlık Davranışlarını ve Obeziteyi Belirleyici Faktörler

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 41, 11 - 40, 31.07.2019

Aysıt Tansel Deniz Karaoğlan

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2019.03.01

Cited By: 3

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki sağlık davranışları ve obezite belirleyicilerini eğitim üzerine vurgu yaparak incelemektir. Çalışmanın analizleri 2008, 2010 ve 2012 yılları için Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu tarafından hazırlanan Sağlık Araştırması veri seti kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan sağlık davranışları sigara tüketimi, alkol tüketimi, meyve ve sebze tüketimi ve düzenli egzersizdir. Çalışmada kişinin eğitim seviyesi ve sağlık davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi daha iyi anlamak için farklı analizlerde eğitim değişkeni olarak kişinin tamamlanmış okul yılı ve eğitim düzeylerini belirten kukla değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda eğitim seviyesinin kişinin hem sağlık davranışlarını hem de obez olma olasılığını açıklayan en önemli faktör olduğu saptanmıştır. Tamamlanan eğitimin her kademesinde sigara tüketimi ve okula gidilen yıl sayısı arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Türkiye’de eğitim ve sigara tüketimi arasındaki bu pozitif ilişki, gelişmiş ülkeler için yapılan benzer çalışmalar ile çelişmektedir. Alkol tüketimi eğitim seviyesi ile pozitif ilişkilidir ve eğitim düzeyinin artması ile beraber bu ilişki kuvvetlenmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda eğitim seviyesi daha yüksek kişilerin daha fazla meyve, sebze tükettikleri ve egzersiz yaptıkları saptanmıştır. Eğitim seviyesi yüksek kişilerin obez olma olasılığının daha düşük olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Son olarak, çalışmada sağlık davranışlarının ve obez olma olasılığının belirlenmesinde demografik faktörlerin, kişinin işgücü piyasası durumunun ve hanehalkı gelirinin önemi vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlık Davranışları, Eğitim, Demografik Faktörler, Türkiye

Determinants of Health Behaviors and Obesity in Turkey

Öz

The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of health behaviors and obesity with an emphasis on education in Turkey. We use Health Survey of Turkish Statistical Institute for the years 2008, 2010 and 2012. The health behaviors considered are smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and exercise. We consider both the years of schooling and the different levels of education in order to better understand the association between education and health. We find that education is the most important factor associated with the health behaviors and obesity. Smoking is positively associated with education at all levels with a decreasing effect with the level of education unlike in the developed countries. Alcohol consumption is positively related with education and this association increases with the level of education. Higher educated individuals clearly eat more fruits, vegetables and exercise more and they are less likely to be obese compared to the less educated and the illiterate. We also highlight the importance of demographic factors, labor market status and household income in determining health behaviors and obesity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health Behaviors, Education, Demographic Factors, Turkey

Kaynakça

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