HİPOKSİK ORTAMDA AKUT VE KRONİK TEKRARLI SPRİNT UYGULAMALARININ BAZI FİZYOLOJİK PARAMETRELER VE PERFORMANS ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 61 - 81, 26.12.2018

Abdulkadir Birol Cengiz Akalan Fırat Akça Dicle Aras

Öz

Son yıllarda tekrarlı sprint
yeteneği (repeated sprint ability, RSA) antrenmanı takım sporlarında normal
antrenman programına ilaveten uygulanan bir antrenman yöntemi olarak sık
kullanılır hale gelmiştir. Ayrıca bu antrenman yöntemi hipoksik koşulda da
uygulanmaktadır ve hipokside tekrarlı sprint antrenmanı (repeated sprint
training in hypoxia, RSH) olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Literatürde RSH
antrenmanının normobarik koşuldaki RSA performansına etkisi olmadığını bildiren
bazı çalışmalar olmasına rağmen, ilgili literatürde bu antrenman yönteminin
fizyolojik, moleküler ve performans bileşenlerinde önemli gelişmeler sağladığı
da iddia edilmektedir. Çalışmalarda elde edilen sonuçlar çelişkili
görünmektedir ve çalışmalarda uygulanan kronik/akut hipoksiye maruz kalma
derecesi (solunan oksijen fraksiyonu: % 10,9-16,4) ve test protokolleri
(yüklenme/dinlenme oranı, setler arası dinlenme süresi ve sprint mesafesi) farklılık
göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, bu antrenman yönteminin etkileri hala tartışılmaktadır.
Uygulayıcıların bir antrenmanın etkilerini anlamaları çok önemlidir. Bu
nedenle, bu derleme akut ve kronik hipoksik ortamın RSA performansı üzerindeki
etkilerini özetlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hipoksi, normobarik, normoksi, tekrarlı sprint

EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC REPEATED SPRINT INTERVENTIONS IN HYPOXIC EXPOSURE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PERFORMANCE

Öz

In recent years, the
repeated sprint ability (RSA) training has become more popular method as top-up
training in team sports. This training method has also been applied in the
hypoxic condition, named repeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Even though
there are some studies reporting that there is no effect on RSA performance in
normobaric condition via RSH training, there are also some studies in the
relevant literature which claim that this training method provides significant
improvments on physiological, molecular and performance components. The results
obtained from the studies are controversial and degrees of the chronic/acute hypoxic
exposures (fraction of inspired oxygen: % 10.9-16.4) and test protocols (work-rest
ratio, recovery duration between the sets and length of sprint) applied in the
studies have variability. For this reason, the actual effectiveness of this
training method is still questionable. It is important that practitioners
understand the effectiveness of a training method. This review was prepared in
order to summarize effects of acute and chronic hypoxic exposure on RSA
performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hypoxia, normobaric, normoxia, repeated sprint

Kaynakça

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