Yulafta (Avena sativa L.) Bazı Agronomik ve Kalite Özellikleri ile β-Glukan İçeriği Arasındaki İlişkiler
Öz
Yulafın beta glukan
içeriği insan beslenmesinde kolesterol düzeyini azaltmak için önerilmektedir. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, yulaf ıslahında beta-glukan oranını arttırmak için
seleksiyon kriterlerini belirlemektir. Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünde 2010
ve 2011 yıllarında yürütülen denemelerde beta glukan ve diğer tarımsal ve
kalite özeliklerini belirlemek için 50 genotip değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, deneme deseni olarak dört tekerrürlü
Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseni kullanılmıştır.
İncelenen özelliklere ilişkin veriler korelasyon, path ve aşamalı
regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Beta glukan içeriği ile salkımda
başakçık sayısı, salkımda tane sayısı, nişasta ve kavuz oranı arasında önemli negatif
yönde korelasyon tespit edilirken, bin tane ağırlığı, bitki boyu, hasat
indeksi, yağ oranı, protein oranı ve kül oranı arasında önemli pozitif yönde
korelasyon bulunmuştur. Path analizi sonuçlarında beta glukan ile doğrudan
etkiler incelendiğinde kül oranı ve salkımda tane sayısı özellikleri en yüksek
olumlu yönde değer göstermiştir. Kül oranı, yağ oranı ve hektolitre ağırlığının
beta glukan üzerinde arttırıcı etkileri stepwise regresyon analizi ile doğrulanmıştır.
Tüm analiz sonuçlarına göre, daha yüksek beta glukan içeriği için yüksek kül
oranı ve salkımda düşük başakçık sayısı kriterlerinin seleksiyon ölçütü olarak kullanılabileceği
bulunmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- AOAC, 1995 Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC International, 16th ed., supplement 1998. AOAC, Washington, DC, pp. 25–28
- Asp NG, Mattsson B and Onning G ,1992. Variation in dietary fiber, beta-glucan, starch, protein, fat and hull content of oats grown in Sweden 1987-1989. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 46(1):31-37
- Cervantes-Martinez CT, Frey KJ, White PJ and Holland JB, 2002. Correlated responses to selection for greater β-glucan content in two oat populations. Crop Sci. 42:730-738
- Dumas JBA, 1831 Procedes de I’ analyse organique. Ann. Chim. Phys. 247: 198-213
- Havrlentova M, Hlinkova A, Zofajova A, Kovacik P and Dvoncova D. Deakova L, 2013. Effect of fertilization on β-D g-lucan content in oat grain (Avena sativa L.). Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo), 59, 2013 (3): 111−119
- Holthaus JF, Holland JB, White PJ and Frey KJ, 1996 Inheritance of β-glucan content of oat grain. Crop Sci. 36: 567-572
- Kapoor R, Bajaj RK, Sidhu N and Kaur S, 2011. Correlation and path coefficient analysis in oat (Avena sativa L.). Int. Jour. Of Plant Breeding. 5(2): 133-136
- Kibite S and Edney MJ, 1998.The inheritance of β-glucan concentration in three oat (Avena sativa L.) crosses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 245-250
- Peterson DM and Wesenberg DM Burrup DE , 1995. β-glucan content and its relationship to agronomic characteristics in elite oat germplasm. Crop Sci.35:965-970
- Redaelli R, Frate VD, Bellato S, Terracciano G, Ciccoritti R, Germeier CU and Stefanis E, 2011. Genetic and environmental variability in total and soluble β-glucan in European oat genotypes. Journal of Cereal Science, 57(2):193-199
- Singh RK and Chaudhary BD, 1979. Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Publishers. Ludhiana-New Delhi. pp. 304
- Tiwari U and Cummins E, 2009. Simulation of the factors affecting β-glucan levels during the cultivation of oats. Journal of Cereal Sci. 1-9
- Tsikitis VL, Albina JE and Reichner JS, 2004. β-glucan affects leukocyte navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient. Surgery 2: 384-9
- Zute S, Berga L and Vicupe Z, 2011. Variability in endosperm Β-Glucan content of husked and naked oat genotypes. Acta Biol. Univ. Daugav p. 11 (2): 192-200
β-Glucan Content and Relationships to Some Agronomical and Quality Characters in Oat (Avena sativa L.)
Öz
The β-glucan of oat is recommended for lowering cholesterol level in
human nutrition. The main objective of this research is to determine the
selection criteria for increased β-glucan in oat breeding. Fifty oat genotypes
were evaluated for β-glucan content in two different yield trials during 2010
and 2011 growing seasons in Aegean Agricultural Research Institute
(AARI).Experimental designs were completely randomized block design with four
replications in both trials. The data of β-glucan and related traits were evaluated
to analyze the correlation, path and stepwise regression. The correlation
coefficients between β-glucan content and number of spikelet/panicle, number of
grain/panicle, starch rate and hull rate were negatively significant, while β-glucan
showed significant positive correlations with thousand kernel weight, plant
height, harvest index, oil rate, protein rate and ash rate. The results of path
analysis showed that the greatest positive direct effects were ash rate and
number of grain/panicle. The stepwise regression analysis verified that ash and
oil rate, test weight had marked increasing effects on β-glucan. As a result of
all analysis, selection plants with higher ash rate and lower number of
spikelet/panicle are needed to be increased for higher β-glucan content.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- AOAC, 1995 Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC International, 16th ed., supplement 1998. AOAC, Washington, DC, pp. 25–28
- Asp NG, Mattsson B and Onning G ,1992. Variation in dietary fiber, beta-glucan, starch, protein, fat and hull content of oats grown in Sweden 1987-1989. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 46(1):31-37
- Cervantes-Martinez CT, Frey KJ, White PJ and Holland JB, 2002. Correlated responses to selection for greater β-glucan content in two oat populations. Crop Sci. 42:730-738
- Dumas JBA, 1831 Procedes de I’ analyse organique. Ann. Chim. Phys. 247: 198-213
- Havrlentova M, Hlinkova A, Zofajova A, Kovacik P and Dvoncova D. Deakova L, 2013. Effect of fertilization on β-D g-lucan content in oat grain (Avena sativa L.). Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo), 59, 2013 (3): 111−119
- Holthaus JF, Holland JB, White PJ and Frey KJ, 1996 Inheritance of β-glucan content of oat grain. Crop Sci. 36: 567-572
- Kapoor R, Bajaj RK, Sidhu N and Kaur S, 2011. Correlation and path coefficient analysis in oat (Avena sativa L.). Int. Jour. Of Plant Breeding. 5(2): 133-136
- Kibite S and Edney MJ, 1998.The inheritance of β-glucan concentration in three oat (Avena sativa L.) crosses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 245-250
- Peterson DM and Wesenberg DM Burrup DE , 1995. β-glucan content and its relationship to agronomic characteristics in elite oat germplasm. Crop Sci.35:965-970
- Redaelli R, Frate VD, Bellato S, Terracciano G, Ciccoritti R, Germeier CU and Stefanis E, 2011. Genetic and environmental variability in total and soluble β-glucan in European oat genotypes. Journal of Cereal Science, 57(2):193-199
- Singh RK and Chaudhary BD, 1979. Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Publishers. Ludhiana-New Delhi. pp. 304
- Tiwari U and Cummins E, 2009. Simulation of the factors affecting β-glucan levels during the cultivation of oats. Journal of Cereal Sci. 1-9
- Tsikitis VL, Albina JE and Reichner JS, 2004. β-glucan affects leukocyte navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient. Surgery 2: 384-9
- Zute S, Berga L and Vicupe Z, 2011. Variability in endosperm Β-Glucan content of husked and naked oat genotypes. Acta Biol. Univ. Daugav p. 11 (2): 192-200
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Haziran 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1 |
