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ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 32 - 49, 25.12.2018

Öz

An emergency at a nuclear power
plant that involves damage to fuel in the reactor core or in a spent fuel pool
can cause deaths, severe health effects and psychological effects, and can also
have economic and sociological consequences affecting the public. These effects
can be prevented or mitigated by the prompt implementation of protective
actions and other response actions.

The on-site emergency response
strategy which identifies the basic principles of the emergency response
actions should be constituted in the scope of the emergency plan. First of all,
the details related to the on-site emergency management organization which will
be formed during an emergency should be explained and the responsibilities
related to the emergency response should be delegated in the emergency
plan. 





In this study, Turkey’s National
Radiation Emergency Plan, other national regulations, the documents and
approach of the International Atomic Energy Agency about the topic and the
regulations and technical documents of other reference countries such as USA,
Finland, Russian Federation and Japan were examined.  Emergency classification and the operational
criteria to be used during this classification; arrangements for alarms,
notification and communications; radiological monitoring to be implemented
on-site and in the region close to the site; emergency centers and points to be
used during emergency response are other topics which will be covered together
with the main topics stated above during the explanation of the main topics
that should be present in the on-site emergency plan. 

Kaynakça

  • IAEA. (2003). Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (EPR-Method). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2006). Manual for First Responders to a Radiological Emergency, EPR-First Responders. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2007). Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GS-G-2.1) Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2011). Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GSG-2). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2015). Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GSR Part 7). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • Nordic Flag Book. (2014). Protective Measures in Early and Intermediate Phases of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, Nordic Guidelines and Recommendations. Helsinki.
  • NRA. (2012). Nuclear Emergency Response Guideline. Tokyo: Japan Nuclear Regulation Authority.
  • Russian Federation. (1998). Regulation on the Order of Emergency Annunciation, Operative Information Transfer and Arrangement of Urgent Assistance to Nuclear Power Plants in Case of Radiologically Hazardous Situations (NP-005-98). Moscow.
  • Russian Federation. (2012). Standard Content of the Plan of Personnel Protection Measures in Case of Accident at Nuclear Power Plant (NP-015-12). Moscow.
  • STUK. (2014). Emergency Arrangements of a Nuclear Power Plant (YVL C.5). Helsinki: Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland.
  • STUK. (2016). Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority Regulation on the Emergency Arrangements of a Nuclear Power Plant (STUK Y/2/2016). Helsinki: Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland.
  • TAEK. (2015). Turkey's National Radiation Emergency Response Plan (URAP). Ankara.
  • U.S. NRC. (1980). Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-0654 FEMA-REP-1 Rev.1). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

NÜKLEER SANTRALLER İÇİN SAHA İÇİ ACİL DURUM PLANLAMA VE MÜDAHALE YAKLAŞIMI

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 32 - 49, 25.12.2018

Öz

Nükleer
santrallerde reaktör kalbi ya da kullanılmış yakıt havuzunda yer alan
yakıtlarda meydana gelebilecek bir ciddi hasar sonucu oluşabilecek nükleer
santral kaynaklı acil durumlar saha içi ve saha dışında insanların ölümüne,
ciddi sağlık etkilerine, psikolojik hasarlara ve ayrıca halkın yaşam kalitesini
etkileyen ekonomik ve sosyolojik etkilere sebep olabilir. Tüm bu etkilerin
sonuçları acil ve erken koruyucu eylemler ile diğer müdahale faaliyetlerinin
hızlı bir şekilde uygulanması ile azaltılabilir ya da engellenebilir.

Nükleer santral
kaynaklı acil durumlarda saha içinde uygulanması gereken müdahalenin esaslarını
belirleyen müdahale yaklaşımı saha içi acil durum planı kapsamında
oluşturulmalıdır. Saha içi acil durum planında öncelikli olarak acil durum
sırasında saha içinde oluşturulacak acil durum yönetim organizasyonuna ilişkin
detaylar açıklanmalı ve saha içi acil durum müdahalesine ilişkin sorumluluklar
belirlenmelidir.





Bu çalışma
kapsamında, Ulusal Radyasyon Acil Durum Planı başta olmak üzere ulusal mevzuat
ve düzenleyici dokümanlar, Uluslararası Atom Enerjisi Ajansının konuya ilişkin
yaklaşımı ve dokümanları, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Finlandiya, Rusya
Federasyonu ve Japonya gibi örnek ülkelerin konu ile ilgili düzenleyici ve
teknik dokümanları incelenmiştir. Saha içi acil durum planında yer alması
gereken ana konu başlıkları açıklanırken yukarıda belirtilen ana hususlara ek
olarak, acil durumun sınıflandırılması ve bu sınıflandırma yapılırken
kullanılacak operasyonel kriterlerin tanımlanması; alarmlar, bildirimler ve
haberleşmeye ilişkin düzenlemeler; tesiste, saha içinde ve sahaya yakın
bölgelerde gerçekleştirilecek olan radyolojik izleme çalışmaları; acil durum
müdahalesi sırasında kullanılacak merkez ve noktalar gibi konuların üzerinde
durulacaktır. 

Kaynakça

  • IAEA. (2003). Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (EPR-Method). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2006). Manual for First Responders to a Radiological Emergency, EPR-First Responders. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2007). Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GS-G-2.1) Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2011). Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GSG-2). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • IAEA. (2015). Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (GSR Part 7). Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • Nordic Flag Book. (2014). Protective Measures in Early and Intermediate Phases of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, Nordic Guidelines and Recommendations. Helsinki.
  • NRA. (2012). Nuclear Emergency Response Guideline. Tokyo: Japan Nuclear Regulation Authority.
  • Russian Federation. (1998). Regulation on the Order of Emergency Annunciation, Operative Information Transfer and Arrangement of Urgent Assistance to Nuclear Power Plants in Case of Radiologically Hazardous Situations (NP-005-98). Moscow.
  • Russian Federation. (2012). Standard Content of the Plan of Personnel Protection Measures in Case of Accident at Nuclear Power Plant (NP-015-12). Moscow.
  • STUK. (2014). Emergency Arrangements of a Nuclear Power Plant (YVL C.5). Helsinki: Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland.
  • STUK. (2016). Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority Regulation on the Emergency Arrangements of a Nuclear Power Plant (STUK Y/2/2016). Helsinki: Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland.
  • TAEK. (2015). Turkey's National Radiation Emergency Response Plan (URAP). Ankara.
  • U.S. NRC. (1980). Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-0654 FEMA-REP-1 Rev.1). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Metroloji,Uygulamalı ve Endüstriyel Fizik
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Sertan Yeşil

Gürdal Gökeri

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yeşil, S., & Gökeri, G. (2018). ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, 30(2), 32-49.
AMA Yeşil S, Gökeri G. ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. Aralık 2018;30(2):32-49.
Chicago Yeşil, Sertan, ve Gürdal Gökeri. “ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 30, sy. 2 (Aralık 2018): 32-49.
EndNote Yeşil S, Gökeri G (01 Aralık 2018) ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 30 2 32–49.
IEEE S. Yeşil ve G. Gökeri, “ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”, Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, c. 30, sy. 2, ss. 32–49, 2018.
ISNAD Yeşil, Sertan - Gökeri, Gürdal. “ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 30/2 (Aralık 2018), 32-49.
JAMA Yeşil S, Gökeri G. ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2018;30:32–49.
MLA Yeşil, Sertan ve Gürdal Gökeri. “ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, c. 30, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 32-49.
Vancouver Yeşil S, Gökeri G. ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE APPROACH FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2018;30(2):32-49.