Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi

İdris Ayhan; Saliha Ayşenur Çam; Fatma Uysal; Seyfullah Oktay Arslan

doi:10.18663/tjcl.687043

Derleme

Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 323 - 333, 30.09.2020

İdris Ayhan Saliha Ayşenur Çam Fatma Uysal Seyfullah Oktay Arslan

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.687043

Öz

Bu derlemede ilk olarak; yağ asitlerinin yapısı, adlandırması, sınıflandırması ve fizyolojik etkileri gibi bilgiler verilmiş, sonrasında yağ asitleri ile kalp-damar hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran çalışmalar irdelenmiştir. Yağ asitleri, yağların ve hücre zarının yapısına katılan, vücut için enerji kaynağı görevi üstlenmelerinin yanı sıra birçok metabolik yolakta yer alan, önemli fizyolojik işlevlere sahip biyolojik bileşiklerdir. Bu bileşikler diyetle alınabildiği gibi bir kısmı da vücutta öncül maddelerden sentezlenebilmektedir. Kültür, din, coğrafya, iklim gibi faktörlere göre besin tüketim şeklinin değişkenlik göstermesi ve yağ asidi metabolizmalarında görev alan enzimlerin aktiviteleri yağ asidi kompozisyonunu etkilemektedir. Yağ asitlerinin biyolojik etkileri, yağ asidi türüne göre farklılık gösterir. Bu nedenle, yağ asidi profilindeki değişiklikler, sağlık-hastalık durumu için değerli hale gelmekte ve yağ asidi kompozisyonu ile hastalıklar arasında ilişki kurulmaktadır. Bu kompozisyonun belirlenmesinde yağ dokusu, eritrosit hücre zarı, plazma ve serum gibi biyolojik örnekler kullanılmaktadır. Yağ asidi ölçüm işlemleri genellikle gaz kromatografisi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilir. Ölçülen değerler kullanılarak oluşturulan indekslerle yağ asidi metabolizmasında görev alan enzimlerin aktiviteleri hesaplanır. Mevcut veriler, yağ asidi kompozisyonundaki değişikliklerin, özellikle kalp damar hastalıkları olmak üzere birçok kronik hastalık patolojisi ile ilişkili olduğunu ve biyobelirteç olarak kullanılma potansiyeli taşıdığını işaret etmektedir. Ancak, bu ilişki tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu nedenle, güncel teknolojik yöntemlerden faydalanılarak özellikle tüm yağ asidi profilinin araştırıldığı yeni çalışmalar önemini korumaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kalp-damar hastalıkları, yağ asidi kompozisyonu, biyobelirteç

Destekleyen Kurum

Makale için destek alınmadı.

Kaynakça

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2. Tvrzicka E, Kremmyda LS, Stankova B, Zak A. Fatty acids as biocompounds: their role in human metabolism, health and disease--a review. Part 1: classification, dietary sources and biological functions. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2011; 155(2): 117-30.
3. Papamandjaris AA, MacDougall DE, Jones PJ. Medium chain fatty acid metabolism and energy expenditure: obesity treatment implications. Life Sci 1998; 62(14): 1203-15.
4. Konukoğlu D. Omega-3 ve omega-6 yağ asitlerinin özellikleri, etkileri ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ile ilişkiler. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi 2008; 12(3): 121-129.
5. Gurr MI, Harwood JL, Frayn KN. Lipid biochemistry. Vol. 409. 2002: Springer.
6. Sardesai VM. The essential fatty acids. Nutr Clin Pract 1992; 7(4): 179-86.
7. Flores G, Blanch GP, Del Castillo MLR. Effect of postharvest methyl jasmonate treatment on fatty acid composition and phenolic acid content in olive fruits during storage. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97(9): 2767-2772.
8. Becker W, Eriksson A, Haglund M, Wretling S. Contents of total fat, fatty acids, starch, sugars and dietary fibre in Swedish market basket diets. Br J Nutr 2015; 113(9): 1453-65.
9. Navarro-Prado S, Schmidt-RioValle J, Montero-Alonso MA, Fernandez-Aparicio A, Gonzalez-Jimenez E. Unhealthy Lifestyle and Nutritional Habits Are Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases Regardless of Professed Religion in University Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15(12).
10. Elorinne AL, Alfthan G, Erlund I, et al. Food and Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status of Finnish Vegans and Non-Vegetarians. PLoS One 2016; 11(2): e0148235.
11. Dias Fda S, Passos ME, do Carmo M, Lopes ML, Valente Mesquita VL. Fatty acid profile of biscuits and salty snacks consumed by Brazilian college students. Food Chem 2015; 171: 351-5.
12. Chaouachi A, Chamari K, Roky R, et al. Lipid profiles of judo athletes during Ramadan. Int J Sports Med 2008; 29(4): 282-8.
13. Sarri KO, Linardakis MK, Bervanaki FN, Tzanakis NE, Kafatos AG. Greek Orthodox fasting rituals: a hidden characteristic of the Mediterranean diet of Crete. Br J Nutr 2004; 92(2): 277-84.
14. Hamilton JA, Johnson RA, Corkey B, Kamp F. Fatty acid transport: the diffusion mechanism in model and biological membranes. J Mol Neurosci 2001; 16(2-3): 99-108; discussion 151-7.
15. Calder PC. Fatty acids and inflammation: the cutting edge between food and pharma. European journal of pharmacology 2011; 668: S50-S58.
16. Brenna JT, Salem N, Sinclair AJ, Cunnane SC. α-Linolenic acid supplementation and conversion to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 2009; 80(2): 85-91.
17. Carta G, Murru E, Banni S, Manca C. Palmitic acid: Physiological role, metabolism and nutritional implications. Frontiers in physiology 2017; 8: 902.
18. Nakamura MT, Nara TY. Structure, function, and dietary regulation of delta6, delta5, and delta9 desaturases. Annu Rev Nutr 2004; 24: 345-76.
19. Solinas G, Borén J, Dulloo AG. De novo lipogenesis in metabolic homeostasis: More friend than foe? Molecular metabolism 2015; 4(5): 367-377.
20. Paton CM, Ntambi JM. Biochemical and physiological function of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297(1): E28-37.
21. Cho HP, Nakamura MT, Clarke SD. Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian Delta-6 desaturase. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(1): 471-7.
22. Rodriguez A, Sarda P, Nessmann C, Boulot P, Leger CL, Descomps B. Delta6- and delta5-desaturase activities in the human fetal liver: kinetic aspects. J Lipid Res 1998; 39(9): 1825-32.
23. Abe Y, Okada T, Iguchi H, et al. Association of changes in body fatness and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids during early puberty in Japanese children. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012; 19(12): 1102-9.
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26. Saito E, Okada T, Abe Y, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid content in plasma phospholipids and desaturase indices in obese children. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 2011: 1102040344-1102040344.
27. Ramirez M, Amate L, Gil A. Absorption and distribution of dietary fatty acids from different sources. Early Hum Dev 2001; 65 Suppl: S95-s101.
28. Nakamura MT, Yudell BE, Loor JJ. Regulation of energy metabolism by long-chain fatty acids. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 53: 124-44.
29. Schonfeld P, Reiser G. Brain energy metabolism spurns fatty acids as fuel due to their inherent mitotoxicity and potential capacity to unleash neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2017; 109: 68-77.
30. van Meer G, Voelker DR, Feigenson GW. Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008; 9(2): 112-24.
31. Rawicz W, Olbrich KC, McIntosh T, Needham D, Evans E. Effect of chain length and unsaturation on elasticity of lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2000; 79(1): 328-39.
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33. De Craene J-O, Bertazzi DL, Bär S, Friant S. Phosphoinositides, Major Actors in Membrane Trafficking and Lipid Signaling Pathways. International journal of molecular sciences 2017; 18(3): 634.
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35. Olson EN, Towler DA, Glaser L. Specificity of fatty acid acylation of cellular proteins. J Biol Chem 1985; 260(6): 3784-90.
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The Importance of Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Terms of Cardiovascular Diseases

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 323 - 333, 30.09.2020

İdris Ayhan Saliha Ayşenur Çam Fatma Uysal Seyfullah Oktay Arslan

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.687043

Öz

In this review, information such as the structure, nomenclature, classification and physiological effects of fatty acids have been given initially, and then studies investigating the association between fatty acids and cardiovascular diseases have been examined. Fatty acids that are involved in the structure of lipids and cell membranes and take part in many metabolic pathways as well as being an energy source for the body are biological compounds that have important physiological activities. These compounds can be taken by diet or some of them can be synthesized from the precursors in the body. Enzyme activities involved in fatty acid metabolism and variation of food consumption according to factors such as culture, religion, geography and climate affect the fatty acid profile. The biological activities of fatty acids differ according to the type of fatty acids. For this reason, changes in the fatty acid profile become important for the health-disease situation and the association between fatty acid composition and the diseases is established. Biological samples such as adipose tissue, erythrocyte cell membrane, plasma and serum are used in order to determine this composition. Fatty acid measurement processes are generally carried out by gas chromatography. The activities of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism can be estimated by the indexes obtained from the measured values. Current data indicate that changes in the fatty acid composition are associated with many diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, and have the potential to be used as biomarkers. However, this association has not been fully clarified. Therefore, new studies that research especially the entire fatty acid profile by taking advantage of current technological methods remain important.

Anahtar Kelimeler

fatty acids, cardiovascular diseases, biomarkers

Kaynakça

1. Burdge GC, Calder PC. Introduction to fatty acids and lipids. World Rev Nutr Diet 2015; 112: 1-16.
2. Tvrzicka E, Kremmyda LS, Stankova B, Zak A. Fatty acids as biocompounds: their role in human metabolism, health and disease--a review. Part 1: classification, dietary sources and biological functions. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2011; 155(2): 117-30.
3. Papamandjaris AA, MacDougall DE, Jones PJ. Medium chain fatty acid metabolism and energy expenditure: obesity treatment implications. Life Sci 1998; 62(14): 1203-15.
4. Konukoğlu D. Omega-3 ve omega-6 yağ asitlerinin özellikleri, etkileri ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ile ilişkiler. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi 2008; 12(3): 121-129.
5. Gurr MI, Harwood JL, Frayn KN. Lipid biochemistry. Vol. 409. 2002: Springer.
6. Sardesai VM. The essential fatty acids. Nutr Clin Pract 1992; 7(4): 179-86.
7. Flores G, Blanch GP, Del Castillo MLR. Effect of postharvest methyl jasmonate treatment on fatty acid composition and phenolic acid content in olive fruits during storage. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97(9): 2767-2772.
8. Becker W, Eriksson A, Haglund M, Wretling S. Contents of total fat, fatty acids, starch, sugars and dietary fibre in Swedish market basket diets. Br J Nutr 2015; 113(9): 1453-65.
9. Navarro-Prado S, Schmidt-RioValle J, Montero-Alonso MA, Fernandez-Aparicio A, Gonzalez-Jimenez E. Unhealthy Lifestyle and Nutritional Habits Are Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases Regardless of Professed Religion in University Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15(12).
10. Elorinne AL, Alfthan G, Erlund I, et al. Food and Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status of Finnish Vegans and Non-Vegetarians. PLoS One 2016; 11(2): e0148235.
11. Dias Fda S, Passos ME, do Carmo M, Lopes ML, Valente Mesquita VL. Fatty acid profile of biscuits and salty snacks consumed by Brazilian college students. Food Chem 2015; 171: 351-5.
12. Chaouachi A, Chamari K, Roky R, et al. Lipid profiles of judo athletes during Ramadan. Int J Sports Med 2008; 29(4): 282-8.
13. Sarri KO, Linardakis MK, Bervanaki FN, Tzanakis NE, Kafatos AG. Greek Orthodox fasting rituals: a hidden characteristic of the Mediterranean diet of Crete. Br J Nutr 2004; 92(2): 277-84.
14. Hamilton JA, Johnson RA, Corkey B, Kamp F. Fatty acid transport: the diffusion mechanism in model and biological membranes. J Mol Neurosci 2001; 16(2-3): 99-108; discussion 151-7.
15. Calder PC. Fatty acids and inflammation: the cutting edge between food and pharma. European journal of pharmacology 2011; 668: S50-S58.
16. Brenna JT, Salem N, Sinclair AJ, Cunnane SC. α-Linolenic acid supplementation and conversion to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 2009; 80(2): 85-91.
17. Carta G, Murru E, Banni S, Manca C. Palmitic acid: Physiological role, metabolism and nutritional implications. Frontiers in physiology 2017; 8: 902.
18. Nakamura MT, Nara TY. Structure, function, and dietary regulation of delta6, delta5, and delta9 desaturases. Annu Rev Nutr 2004; 24: 345-76.
19. Solinas G, Borén J, Dulloo AG. De novo lipogenesis in metabolic homeostasis: More friend than foe? Molecular metabolism 2015; 4(5): 367-377.
20. Paton CM, Ntambi JM. Biochemical and physiological function of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297(1): E28-37.
21. Cho HP, Nakamura MT, Clarke SD. Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian Delta-6 desaturase. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(1): 471-7.
22. Rodriguez A, Sarda P, Nessmann C, Boulot P, Leger CL, Descomps B. Delta6- and delta5-desaturase activities in the human fetal liver: kinetic aspects. J Lipid Res 1998; 39(9): 1825-32.
23. Abe Y, Okada T, Iguchi H, et al. Association of changes in body fatness and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids during early puberty in Japanese children. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012; 19(12): 1102-9.
24. Sjögren P, Sierra-Johnson J, Gertow K, et al. Fatty acid desaturases in human adipose tissue: relationships between gene expression, desaturation indexes and insulin resistance. Diabetologia 2008; 51(2): 328-335.
25. Maruyama C, Yoneyama M, Suyama N, et al. Differences in serum phospholipid fatty acid compositions and estimated desaturase activities between Japanese men with and without metabolic syndrome. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 2008: 0812050007-0812050007.
26. Saito E, Okada T, Abe Y, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid content in plasma phospholipids and desaturase indices in obese children. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 2011: 1102040344-1102040344.
27. Ramirez M, Amate L, Gil A. Absorption and distribution of dietary fatty acids from different sources. Early Hum Dev 2001; 65 Suppl: S95-s101.
28. Nakamura MT, Yudell BE, Loor JJ. Regulation of energy metabolism by long-chain fatty acids. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 53: 124-44.
29. Schonfeld P, Reiser G. Brain energy metabolism spurns fatty acids as fuel due to their inherent mitotoxicity and potential capacity to unleash neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2017; 109: 68-77.
30. van Meer G, Voelker DR, Feigenson GW. Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008; 9(2): 112-24.
31. Rawicz W, Olbrich KC, McIntosh T, Needham D, Evans E. Effect of chain length and unsaturation on elasticity of lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2000; 79(1): 328-39.
32. Vasquez V, Krieg M, Lockhead D, Goodman MB. Phospholipids that contain polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance neuronal cell mechanics and touch sensation. Cell Rep 2014; 6(1): 70-80.
33. De Craene J-O, Bertazzi DL, Bär S, Friant S. Phosphoinositides, Major Actors in Membrane Trafficking and Lipid Signaling Pathways. International journal of molecular sciences 2017; 18(3): 634.
34. Hedo JA, Collier E, Watkinson A. Myristyl and palmityl acylation of the insulin receptor. J Biol Chem 1987; 262(3): 954-7.
35. Olson EN, Towler DA, Glaser L. Specificity of fatty acid acylation of cellular proteins. J Biol Chem 1985; 260(6): 3784-90.
36. Samuelsson B. Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes: formation and biological roles. Harvey lectures 1979; 75: 1-40.
37. Pegorier JP, Le May C, Girard J. Control of gene expression by fatty acids. J Nutr 2004; 134(9): 2444s-2449s.
38. Katan MB, Deslypere JP, Penders M, van Staveren WA. Biological markers of dietary intake, with emphasis on fatty acids. Annals of nutrition and metabolism 1991; 35(5): 249-252.
39. Farquhar JW, Ahrens EH. Effects of dietary fats on human erythrocyte fatty acid patterns. The Journal of clinical investigation 1963; 42(5): 675-685.
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53. Makiguchi M, Kawaguchi H, Tamura M, Yasuda H. Effect of palmitic acid and fatty acid binding protein on ventricular fibrillation threshold in the perfused rat heart. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1991; 5(4): 753-61.
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Toplam 87 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Derleme
Yazarlar	İdris Ayhan Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4625-7218 Saliha Ayşenur Çam Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3326-8487 Fatma Uysal Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-3975-928X Seyfullah Oktay Arslan 0000-0001-9328-9373
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2020 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA	Ayhan, İ., Çam, S. A., Uysal, F., Arslan, S. O. (2020). Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 11(4), 323-333. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.687043
AMA	Ayhan İ, Çam SA, Uysal F, Arslan SO. Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi. TJCL. Eylül 2020;11(4):323-333. doi:10.18663/tjcl.687043
Chicago	Ayhan, İdris, Saliha Ayşenur Çam, Fatma Uysal, ve Seyfullah Oktay Arslan. “Yağ Asidi Kompozisyon değişikliklerinin Kalp Damar hastalıkları açısından önemi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 11, sy. 4 (Eylül 2020): 323-33. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.687043.
EndNote	Ayhan İ, Çam SA, Uysal F, Arslan SO (01 Eylül 2020) Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 11 4 323–333.
IEEE	İ. Ayhan, S. A. Çam, F. Uysal, ve S. O. Arslan, “Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi”, TJCL, c. 11, sy. 4, ss. 323–333, 2020, doi: 10.18663/tjcl.687043.
ISNAD	Ayhan, İdris vd. “Yağ Asidi Kompozisyon değişikliklerinin Kalp Damar hastalıkları açısından önemi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 11/4 (Eylül 2020), 323-333. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.687043.
JAMA	Ayhan İ, Çam SA, Uysal F, Arslan SO. Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi. TJCL. 2020;11:323–333.
MLA	Ayhan, İdris vd. “Yağ Asidi Kompozisyon değişikliklerinin Kalp Damar hastalıkları açısından önemi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, c. 11, sy. 4, 2020, ss. 323-3, doi:10.18663/tjcl.687043.
Vancouver	Ayhan İ, Çam SA, Uysal F, Arslan SO. Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi. TJCL. 2020;11(4):323-3.

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