Öz
Beton, tüm dünyada kullanılan en yaygın yapı malzemelerinden biridir. Nüfus artışı ve kentleşme nedeniyle önümüzdeki yıllarda beton üretiminin daha da artması beklenmektedir. Sürdürülebilir inşaat kaideleri, daha iyi yalıtım için daha iyi bir termal kütleye sahip olmak için bir inşaat malzemesi gerektirir. Bu, ısıtma ve soğutma amaçlı enerji talebini azaltabilir ve operasyonel kullanım sırasında karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonlarını azaltabilir. Bir inşaat malzemesi olarak beton, daha iyi akustik performans sağlayarak ve bina sakinlerinin yaşam kalitesini artırarak inşaatın sağlık ve refah bilgilerini de arttırabilir. Betonun sürdürülebilir olması için dayanıklı olması da gerekir. Bu, betonun ömrünü uzatacak ve aynı malzemelerin daha uzun süre hizmet verebilmesini sağlayacaktır. Bu aynı zamanda daha az bakım gerektirir. Ekonomik ve teknik değerleme ile geri dönüştürülmüş beton üretim teknolojisi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, çevre koruma ve insanların sürdürülebilir kalkınması üzerindeki bileşimi ve etkisi nedeniyle her ülkede daha fazla ilgi görmüştür. Beton endüstrisi, büyük bir doğal kaynak tüketicisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Betonun en büyük bileşeni olan doğal agreganın tüketimi, beton üretiminin ve kullanımının artmasıyla sürekli ve hızlı bir şekilde artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Elazığ ilinin Maden ilçesinden elde edilen doğal bazalt kaya agrega olarak seçilmiş ve beton üretiminde kullanılmıştır. Üretilen beton numunelerinin; ısıl iletkenlik analizleri, dayanım analizleri ve mikroorganizmalara karşı tutumu incelenmiştir. Deney sonuçlarına göre ısıl iletkenlik katsayıları 0.2401 ila 0.2529 W/mK arasında ölçülmüş ve ortalama 0.2497 W/mK olarak hesaplanmıştır. İlaveten, beton mukavemetinin 15.33 MPa olarak ölçüldüğü ve normal mukavemetli beton olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada doğal bazalt agrega ve betonun anaerobik bir ortamda faaliyet gösteren Clostridium bakterilerine karşı dirençli olduğu ve bu bakterilerin hareketinde kısıtlayıcı bir özelliğe sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, dayanıklı, yanıcı olmayan, çevre dostu, toksik olmayan beton yapılmış ve daha sağlıklı ve konforlu bir yaşam ortamı yaratılmasına büyük katkı sağlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Bhatti, A. Q. (2016). Application of dynamic analysis and modelling of structural concrete insulated panels (SCIP) for energy efficient buildings in seismic prone areas. Energy and Buildings, 128 (2016) 164-177.
- Biswas, K., Shrestha, S. S., Bhandari, M. S., Desjarlais, A. O. (2016). Insulation materials for commercial buildings in North America:An assessment of lifetime energy and environmental impacts. Energy and Buildings, 112, 256-269.
- Callister, W. D., Rethwisch, D. G. (2014). Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction. 9th Edition. Wiley, United States of America.
- Cwalina, B. (2008). Biodeterioration of Concrete. Architecture Civil Engineering Environment, 4, 133-140.
- Çek, N. (2016). Parçacıklar ve Enerji Kaynakları. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken.
- Day, K. W., Aldred, J., Hudson, B. (2013). Concrete Mix Design, Quality Control and Specification. 4th Edition. CRC Press.
- Edwards, A. N., Suárez, J. M., McBride, S. M. (2013). Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment. Journal of Visualized Experiment, 79, 1-8.
- Emiroğlu, M., Yalama, A., Erdoğdu, Y. (2015). Performance of ready-mixed clay plasters produced with different clay/sand ratios. Applied Clay Science, 115, 221-229.
- Fredlund, D. G., Rahardjo, H., Fredlund, M. D. (2012). Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice. John Wiley&Sons.
- Gao, D., Zhang, L., Nokken, M. (2017). Compressive behavior of steel fiber reinforced recycled coarse aggregate concrete designed with equivalent cubic compressive strength. Construction and Building Materials, 141, 235-244.
- Kalpakjian, S., Schmid, S. R. (2010). Manufacturing Engineering and Technology. Sixth Edition, Pearson, London. Kim, K., Ryu, S., Kim, J. (2017). Melt-processable aggregated boron nitride particle via polysilazane coating for thermal conductive composite. Ceramics International, 43, 2441-2447.
- Kiu, R., Hall, L. J. (2018). An update on the human and animal enteric pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Emerging Microbes&Infections, 7 (141), 1-15.
- Kumar, S., Gupta, R. C., Shrivastava, S. (2017). Effective utilisation of quartz sandstone mining wastes: A technical note on its thermal resistance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 1129-1135.
- Kürüm, S., Bölücü, A., Ural, M. (2018). Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Intracontinental Basaltic Volcanism on the Northwest Arabian Plate, Gaziantep Basin, Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA, 92 (2), 519–535.
- Liu, Y. Wang, W., Chen, Y. F., Ji, H. (2016). Residual stress-strain relationship for thermal insulation concrete with recycled aggregate after high temperature exposure. Construction and Building Materials, 129, 37-47.
- Marie, I. (2017). Thermal conductivity of hybrid recycled aggregate–Rubberized concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 133, 516-524.
- Özcan, U., Güngör, S. (2019). Sürdürülebilir Bir Yöntem Betonda Puzolan Kullanımı. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 15, 176-182.
- Rusnak, J. M., Smith, L. A. (2014). Botulinum Neurotoxins from Clostridium botulinum. In book: Manual of Security Sensitive Microbes and Toxins, CRC Press, New York, 451-466.
- Schiavoni, S., D'Alessandro, F., Bianchi, F., Asdrubali, F. (2016). Insulation materials for the building sector: A review and comparative analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 62, 988-1011.
- Shockey, W. L., Borger, D. C. (1991). Effect of Salt on Fermentation of Alfalfa. 2. Treatment with Sodium Chloride, Clostridium butyricum, and Lactic Acid Bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science, 74 (1), 160-166.
- Ural, M. (2012). Elazığ ve Malatya çevresindeki Yüksekova karmaşığı bazik volkanitlerinin petrokimyası, petrolojisi ve yaşı. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elazığ.
- Ural, M. (2014). Morphologic and physical features of pillow basalts of the Yüksekova Complex around Elazığ (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). Journal of Tethys, 2(1), 70-80.
- Ural, M. (2019). Geochemistry of the Volcanic Rocks of the Yüksekova Complex near Güneyköy (SE of Elazığ, E Turkey). Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 17, 1125-1133.
- Ural, M., Arslan, M., Göncüoglu, M. C., Tekin, U. K., Kürüm, S. (2015). Late Cretaceous arc and back-arc formation within the southern Neotethys: Whole-rock, trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data from basaltic rocks of the Yüksekova Complex (Malatya- Elazığ, SE Turkey). Ofioliti, 40 (1), 57-72.
- Ural, M., Deniz, K., Sayit, K. (2019). Mafic Volcanic and Subvolcanic Rocks from the Yüksekova Complex in the İçme-Kesikköprü Province (East of Elaziğ, Eastern Turkey): Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Characterization. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 362(1), p.012122.
- Yun, T. S., Jeong, Y. J., Youm, K-S. (2014). Effect of Surrogate Aggregates on the Thermal Conductivity of Concrete at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-9.
- Wijayasundara, M., Crawford, M. R., Mendis, P. (2017). Comparative assessment of embodied energy of recycled aggregate concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 152, 406-419.
- Xing, Z., Beaucour, A-L., Hebert, R., Noumowe, A., Ledesert, A. (2015). Aggregate’s influence on thermophysical concrete properties at elevated temperature. Construction and Building Materials, 95, 18-28.
Öz
Concrete is one of the most prevalent construction material used all over the world. Concrete production in expected to increase upwards in the future years because of the population growth and urbanization. Sustainable construction bases require a construction material to have a better thermal mass for better insulation. This could decrease energy demand for heating and cooling purposes and decrease the carbondioxide (CO2) emissions during the operational use. Concrete as a construction material could also improve health and well-being credentials of construction by providing better acoustic performance and improve the life quality of the occupants. Concrete also needs to be durable to become sustainable. This will increase the lifespan of concrete and lead to longer serviceability of the same materials. This also require less maintenance. Concrete technology, which can be recycled, reduces the thermal conductivity coefficient of concrete and provides thermal insulation by using non-combustible natural aggregates, are environmentally friendly systems. The studies on produce technology of recycled concrete with economical and technical valuation has benefited more important interest in each country due to its combination and effect on the environment protection and the sustainable development of people. The concrete industry is accepted as a major consumer of natural resources. Consumption of natural aggregate, which is the biggest component of concrete, increases continuously and rapidly with increasing production and use of concrete. In this study, natural basalt rock obtained from Maden district of Elazig province was chosen as aggregate and used in concrete production. The thermal conductivity analysis, strength analysis and the attitude of the produced concrete samples to microorganisms were examined. According to the experimental results, the thermal conductivity coefficients were measured between 0.2401 to 0.2529 W/mK and the average was calculated as 0.2497 W/mK. In addition, it was understood that concrete strength was measured as 15.33 MPA and it was normal strength concrete. It has been found that in this study, natural basalt aggregate and concrete are resistant to Clostridium bacteria operating in an anaerobic environment and have a restrictive feature in the movement of those bacteria. As a result, durable, non-flammable, environmentally friendly, non-toxic concrete was made and great contribution was made to creating a healthier and more comfortable living environment.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Bhatti, A. Q. (2016). Application of dynamic analysis and modelling of structural concrete insulated panels (SCIP) for energy efficient buildings in seismic prone areas. Energy and Buildings, 128 (2016) 164-177.
- Biswas, K., Shrestha, S. S., Bhandari, M. S., Desjarlais, A. O. (2016). Insulation materials for commercial buildings in North America:An assessment of lifetime energy and environmental impacts. Energy and Buildings, 112, 256-269.
- Callister, W. D., Rethwisch, D. G. (2014). Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction. 9th Edition. Wiley, United States of America.
- Cwalina, B. (2008). Biodeterioration of Concrete. Architecture Civil Engineering Environment, 4, 133-140.
- Çek, N. (2016). Parçacıklar ve Enerji Kaynakları. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken.
- Day, K. W., Aldred, J., Hudson, B. (2013). Concrete Mix Design, Quality Control and Specification. 4th Edition. CRC Press.
- Edwards, A. N., Suárez, J. M., McBride, S. M. (2013). Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment. Journal of Visualized Experiment, 79, 1-8.
- Emiroğlu, M., Yalama, A., Erdoğdu, Y. (2015). Performance of ready-mixed clay plasters produced with different clay/sand ratios. Applied Clay Science, 115, 221-229.
- Fredlund, D. G., Rahardjo, H., Fredlund, M. D. (2012). Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice. John Wiley&Sons.
- Gao, D., Zhang, L., Nokken, M. (2017). Compressive behavior of steel fiber reinforced recycled coarse aggregate concrete designed with equivalent cubic compressive strength. Construction and Building Materials, 141, 235-244.
- Kalpakjian, S., Schmid, S. R. (2010). Manufacturing Engineering and Technology. Sixth Edition, Pearson, London. Kim, K., Ryu, S., Kim, J. (2017). Melt-processable aggregated boron nitride particle via polysilazane coating for thermal conductive composite. Ceramics International, 43, 2441-2447.
- Kiu, R., Hall, L. J. (2018). An update on the human and animal enteric pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Emerging Microbes&Infections, 7 (141), 1-15.
- Kumar, S., Gupta, R. C., Shrivastava, S. (2017). Effective utilisation of quartz sandstone mining wastes: A technical note on its thermal resistance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 1129-1135.
- Kürüm, S., Bölücü, A., Ural, M. (2018). Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Intracontinental Basaltic Volcanism on the Northwest Arabian Plate, Gaziantep Basin, Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA, 92 (2), 519–535.
- Liu, Y. Wang, W., Chen, Y. F., Ji, H. (2016). Residual stress-strain relationship for thermal insulation concrete with recycled aggregate after high temperature exposure. Construction and Building Materials, 129, 37-47.
- Marie, I. (2017). Thermal conductivity of hybrid recycled aggregate–Rubberized concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 133, 516-524.
- Özcan, U., Güngör, S. (2019). Sürdürülebilir Bir Yöntem Betonda Puzolan Kullanımı. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 15, 176-182.
- Rusnak, J. M., Smith, L. A. (2014). Botulinum Neurotoxins from Clostridium botulinum. In book: Manual of Security Sensitive Microbes and Toxins, CRC Press, New York, 451-466.
- Schiavoni, S., D'Alessandro, F., Bianchi, F., Asdrubali, F. (2016). Insulation materials for the building sector: A review and comparative analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 62, 988-1011.
- Shockey, W. L., Borger, D. C. (1991). Effect of Salt on Fermentation of Alfalfa. 2. Treatment with Sodium Chloride, Clostridium butyricum, and Lactic Acid Bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science, 74 (1), 160-166.
- Ural, M. (2012). Elazığ ve Malatya çevresindeki Yüksekova karmaşığı bazik volkanitlerinin petrokimyası, petrolojisi ve yaşı. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elazığ.
- Ural, M. (2014). Morphologic and physical features of pillow basalts of the Yüksekova Complex around Elazığ (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). Journal of Tethys, 2(1), 70-80.
- Ural, M. (2019). Geochemistry of the Volcanic Rocks of the Yüksekova Complex near Güneyköy (SE of Elazığ, E Turkey). Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 17, 1125-1133.
- Ural, M., Arslan, M., Göncüoglu, M. C., Tekin, U. K., Kürüm, S. (2015). Late Cretaceous arc and back-arc formation within the southern Neotethys: Whole-rock, trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data from basaltic rocks of the Yüksekova Complex (Malatya- Elazığ, SE Turkey). Ofioliti, 40 (1), 57-72.
- Ural, M., Deniz, K., Sayit, K. (2019). Mafic Volcanic and Subvolcanic Rocks from the Yüksekova Complex in the İçme-Kesikköprü Province (East of Elaziğ, Eastern Turkey): Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Characterization. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 362(1), p.012122.
- Yun, T. S., Jeong, Y. J., Youm, K-S. (2014). Effect of Surrogate Aggregates on the Thermal Conductivity of Concrete at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-9.
- Wijayasundara, M., Crawford, M. R., Mendis, P. (2017). Comparative assessment of embodied energy of recycled aggregate concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 152, 406-419.
- Xing, Z., Beaucour, A-L., Hebert, R., Noumowe, A., Ledesert, A. (2015). Aggregate’s influence on thermophysical concrete properties at elevated temperature. Construction and Building Materials, 95, 18-28.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Sayı: 19 |
