TY  - JOUR
T1  - Işınlı İnci İstiridyesi Pinctada imbricata radiata’da Mikroplastik Varlığı
TT  - The Presence of Microplastics in the Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada imbricata radiata)
AU  - Durmaz, Yaşar
AU  - Aksakal, Dilara
AU  - Çalış, Mustafa
AU  - Yiğitkurt, Selçuk
PY  - 2021
DA  - December
Y2  - 2021
DO  - 10.35229/jaes.1002179
JF  - Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences
JO  - JAES
PB  - Bülent VEREP
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2548-0006
SP  - 742
EP  - 748
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
LA  - tr
AB  - Mikroplastikler 1µm ile 5mm boyutlarındaki polimer parçaları olarak adlandırılır. Son yıllarda deniz ortamında yaygınlaşan etkili kirleticiler haline gelmiştir. Mikroplastik kirliliği deniz ekosistemindeki hemen her canlı türü içerisinde tespit edilmeye başlamıştır. Özellikle besinlerini filtrasyon yolu ile alan çift kabuklu canlılar bünyelerine mikroplastik almak zorunda kalmışlardır. Bu çalışma ile Çeşme Ildır Kıyılarından toplanan Işınlı inci istiridyesi Pinctada imbricata radiata’nın mide örnekleri içerisinde mikroplastik varlığının tespiti yapılmıştır. Organik materyallerin sindirimi için %10 KOH (Potasyum Hidroksit) solüsyonu kullanılmıştır. Mide örnekleri içerisinde tespit edilen 65 mikroplastik benzeri parçacık μ-FTIR ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda seçilen örneklerin mikroplastik olduğu tespit edilmiş ve tespit edilen türler içerisinde en yaygın görülen mikroplastik şekli fiber, polimer tipi Polietilen (PE) ve en yaygın görülen mikroplastik rengi ise mavi olmuştur.
KW  - Ege Denizi
KW  - Işınlı inci istiridyesi
KW  - Mikroplastik
KW  - Pinctada imbricata radiata.
N2  - Microplastics are referred to as pieces of polymer from 1 µm to 5 mm in size. In recent years, they have become effective pollutants that have become widespread in the marine environment. Microplastic pollution has begun to be detected in almost every living species in the marine ecosystem. Bivalves, especially those that take their nutrients through filtration, had to take microplastics into their bodies. In this study, microplastic presence was determined in stomach samples of the ray pearl oyster Pinctada imbricata radiata collected from Çeşme Ildır Beach. A 10% KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) solution was used for the degradation of organic materials. 65 microplastic-like particles detected in stomach samples were analyzed by μ-FTIR. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the selected samples were microplastic. Among the detected species, the most common microplastic shape is fiber, the polymer type is Polyethylene (PE), and the most common microplastic color is blue.
CR  - Andrady, A.L. (2017). The plastic in microplastics: a review. Mar. Pollut. Bull.,119(1), 12–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.082
CR  - Auta, H., Emenike, C., Fauziah, S. (2017). Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions. Environ. Int., 102,165-176.  DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.02.013
CR  - Barboza, L.G.A., Gimenez, B.C.G.(2015(. Microplastics in the marine environment: current trends and future perspectives. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 97 (1–2), 5–12. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.06.008
CR  - Barnes, D.K.A., Galgani, F., Thompson, R.C., Barlaz, M., (2009). Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 364(1526),1985-98. DOI:10.1098/rstb.2008.0205
CR  - Barrett, J., Chase, Z., Zhang, J., Banaszak Holl, MM., Willis, K., Williams, A., Hardesty, BD. and Wilcox, C.(2020). Microplastic pollution in deep-sea sediments from the Great Australian Bight, Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 1-10. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.576170.
CR  - Boucher, J. and Friot D. (2017). Primary Microplastics in the Oceans: A Global Evaluation of Sources. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 43, 978-2-8317-1827-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2017.01.en
CR  - Browne, M. A., Galloway, T., Thompson, R. 2007. Microplastic—an emerging contaminant of potential concern?. Integrated environmental assessment and Management, 3(4), 559-561. DOI: 10.1002/ieam.5630030412
CR  - Browne, M.A., Dissanayake, A., Galloway, T.S., M. Lowe, D., Thompson, R.C. (2008 Ingested Microscopic Plastic Translocates to the Circulatory System of the Mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.) Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 5026–5031. DOI:10.1021/es800249a
CR  - Cauwenberghe, V.L., Janssen, C.R.(2014). Microplastics in bivalves cultured for human consumption. Environ. Pollut.,193, 65–70.  DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.010
CR  - Ding, J.F., Li, J.X., Sun, C.J., He, C.F., Jiang F.H., Gao, F.L., Zheng, L.(2018).Seperation and identification of microplastics in digestive system of bivalves. Chinese J. Anal. Chem., 46(5),690-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2040(18)61086-2
CR  - Eriksen, M., Lebreton, L.C.M. & Carson, H.S., Thiel, M., Moore, C.J. & Borerro, J.C., Galgani, F., Ryan, P.G. & Reisser, J. (2014). Plastic pollution in the world's oceans: more than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250,000 tons afloat at sea. PLoS One, 9(12),111913. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111913
CR  - Fendall, L.S., Sewell, M.A.(2009). Contributing to marine pollution by washing your face: microplastics in facial cleansers. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 58 (8), 1225–1228. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.04.025
CR  - Frias, J. P. G. L., Nash, R. (2019). Microplastics: Finding a consensus on the definition. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 138, 145-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.022
CR  - Gedik, K., Eryas, A.R.(2020).Microplastic pollution profile of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected along the Turkish coasts. Chemosphere, 260, 127570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127570
CR  - GESAMP (2016). “Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: part two of a global assessment” (Kershaw, P.J., and Rochman, C.M., eds). (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/UNIDO/WMO/IAEA/UN/ UNEP/UNDP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection). Rep. Stud. GESAMP No. 93, 220 p.
CR  - Gill, V. (2020). Plastik kirliliği 2040'ta 1 milyar 300 milyon tona ulaşacak. Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-53531186
CR  - Gündoğdu, S., Çevik, C., Ataş, N.T.(2020). Stuffed with microplastics: Microplastic occurrence in traditional stuffed mussels sold in the Turkish market. Food Bioscience,37,100715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100715
CR  - Hartmann, N., Hüffer, T., Thompson, R. C., Hassellöv, M., Verschoor, A., Daugaard, A. E., Rist, S. & Karlsson, T., Brennholt, N. & Cole, M., Herrling, M. P. & Hess, M., Ivleva, N. & Lusher, A., Wagner, M. (2019). Are we speaking the same language? recommendations for a definition and categorization framework for plastic debris, Environ Sci Technol, 53(3), 1039-1047. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05297
CR  - IUCN. (2018). Marine plastics; IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) – 28 rue Mauverney, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland. Son Erişim: 16.09.2021, https://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/marine_plastics_issues_brief_final_0.pdf
CR  - Johnston, I. (2017), How plastic is damaging planet Earth. Son Erişim:16.09.2021, https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/plastic-how-planet-earth-environment-oceans-wildlife-recycling-landfill-artificial-a7972226.html
CR  - Kayan, A., Küçük A. (2020). Plastik kirliliğin çevresel zararları ve çözüm önerileri. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi,İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22/2 (2020),403-427. E-ISSN 2667-405X
CR  - Kirstein, I. V., Kirmizi, S., Wichels, A., Garin-Fernandez, A., Erler, R., Löder, M., Gerdts, G. (2016). Dangerous hitchhikers Evidence for potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. on microplastic particles. Marine Environmental Research, 120, 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.07.004
CR  - Koelmans, A. (2015). Modeling the role of microplastics in bioaccumulation of organic chemicals to marine aquatic organisms. A critical review. Marine Anthropogenic Litter (pp.309-324) Chapter: 11 Publisher: SpringerEditors: Bergmann M, Gutow L, Klages M. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-16510-3_11
CR  - Koelmans, A.A., Gouin, T., Thompson, R., Wallace, N., Arthur, C.(2013). Plastics in the marine environment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,33,5-10. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2426
CR  - Law, K.L.(2017). Plastics in the marine environment. Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci., 9, 205–229. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060409
CR  - Li, J., Qu, X.,Su, L., Zhang, W., Yang, D., Kolandhasamy, P.,Li, D., Shi, H., Microplastics in mussels along the coastal waters of China. Environmental Pollution,214,177-184.  DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.012
CR  - MERI. (2015). Guide to Microplastic Identification; Center for Environmental Studies. 55 Main Street, P.O. Box 1652 Blue Hill, ME 04614. Erişin Tarihi: 16.09.2021, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/55b29de4e4b088f33db802c6/t/56faf38459827e51fccdfc2d/1459286952520/MERI_Guide+to+Microplastic+Identification.pdf
CR  - Naji, A., Nuri, M., Vethaak, D.A. (2018). Microplastics contamination in molluscs from the northern part of the Persian Gulf. Environmental Pollution,235,113-120.  DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.046
CR  - Naji, A., Esmaili, Z., Mason, S.A., Vethaak, D.A. (2017). The occurrence of microplastics contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 24(25), 20459-20468. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9587-z
CR  - Ross, P.S., Chastain, S., Vassilenko, E.& Etemadifar, A., Zimmermann, S., Quesnel, S. & Eert, J., Solomon, E. & Patankar, S., Posacka, A.M., Williams, B.(2021) Pervasive distribution of polyester fibres in the Arctic Ocean is driven by Atlantic inputs. Nature Communications,12(1),106.  DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-20347-1
CR  - Sharma, S., Chatterjee, S. (2017). Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(27), 21530-21547. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9910-8
CR  - Sivri, N., Çullu, F.A.(2020). Doğanın çözümü en zor denklemi: Denizlerdeki plastikler. MTA Doğal Kaynaklar ve Ekonomi Bülteni,29,15-21.
CR  - Teng, J., Wang, Q., Ran, W., Wu, D., Liu, Y., Sun, S., Liu, H., Cao, R., Zhao, J. (2019). Microplastic in cultured oysters from different coastal areas of China. Sci. Total Environ,653,1282-1292. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.057
CR  - Thomas, M., Jon, B, Craig, S., Edward, R. & Ruth, H., John, B., Dick, V.A., Heather, L.A., Matthew, S.(2020). The world is your oyster: low-dose, long-term microplastic exposure of juvenile oysters. Heliyon 6(1). DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03103
CR  - Tutoğlu, N.(2019). Sucul Ortamdaki Mikroplastiklerin İnsan Sağlığına Etkisi ve Arıtma Yöntemlerinin Araştırılması. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara,Türkiye,134s.
CR  - Vandermeersch, G., Van Cauwenberghe, L., Janssen, C.R., Marques, A., Granby, K., Fait, G., Kotterman, M.J.J., Diogene, J., Bekaert, K., Robbens, J., Devriese, L.(2015). A critical review on microplastic quantification in aquatic organisms. Environ. Res., 143, 46–55. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.016
CR  - Vidal, J. (2016). Microplastics should be banned in cosmetics to save oceans, British MPs say. Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2021, 
https://www.euractiv.com/section/climate-environment/news/microplastics-should-be-banned-in-cosmetics-to-save-oceans-british-mps-say/
CR  - WWF. (2018). WWF, Akdeniz Plastik Raporu'nu yayımladı: Akdeniz'e en çok plastik Türkiye'den. Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı, Türkiye.
CR  - Yozukmaz, A. (2021). Investigation of microplastics in edible wild mussels from ˙Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Western Turkey): A risk assessment for the consumers. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 171, 112733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112733
CR  - Yurtsever, M. (2019). Nano- ve mikroplastik’ lerin insan sağlığı ve ekosistem üzerindeki olası etkileri. Menba Kastamonu Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 17-24.
CR  - Yurtsever, M.(2015). Mikroplastiklere genel bir bakış. Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 17(2),50-69.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1002179
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2000113
ER  -