@article{article_1022712, title={“Kids, kill every mosquito you see!” Education in the fight against malaria in the Early Republican Period (1923-1948)}, journal={Turkish History Education Journal}, volume={11}, pages={74–90}, year={2022}, DOI={10.17497/tuhed.1022712}, author={Coşğun Kandal, Sena}, keywords={sıtma mücadelesi, malaria, hıfzıssıhha, nüfus, sıhhat}, abstract={When the Republic of Turkey was founded, the population in the country was rapidly decreasing due to adverse sanitary conditions and many infectious diseases, especially malaria. This was not in line with the economic, national, and social objectives of the founding elites. Being aware of this situation, the founders of the state started sanitary and social geography studies in provinces before the republic was established, made the population issue their basic policy and launched a national struggle to increase the population and make it healthy. In this process, the founders used education as a tool, which is the most effective way to reach children, which they considered the main channel of modernization. Revised curricula and related textbooks gained an important place in this struggle. However, the fight against malaria, namely sanitation, formed an aspect of modernization by associating it with issues related to the new order targeted by the revolution, such as the teaching of civilized principles and the distancing from superstitions. At this point, teachers were brought to a key point and played an active role in the fight against malaria, especially in the villages. This struggle found a place more in the curriculum of primary schools, which were given more importance in the Early Republican Period compared to middle and high schools. The malaria fight was most commonly included in the 1926 curriculum among the four curricula for primary schools between 1923 and 1948. The elites who directed the education emphasized the national and civil aspect of the struggle by taking part in the malaria fight not in courses of Tabiat Tedkiki, Ziraat, Hıfzıssıhha (Nature Studies, Agriculture and Sanitation), but in the course called Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye (Civics). However, the visibility of the malaria fight in education gradually decreased until 1948.}, number={1}, publisher={Ahmet ŞİMŞEK}, organization={Bu çalışma 7. Uluslararası Tarih Eğitimi Sempozyumu’nda sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.}