TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of The Molecular Docking Properties of Three Potentially Active Agents AU - Görgülü, Güvenç AU - Dede, Bülent PY - 2023 DA - June Y2 - 2023 DO - 10.22399/ijcesen.1147789 JF - International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering JO - IJCESEN PB - İskender AKKURT WT - DergiPark SN - 2149-9144 SP - 81 EP - 85 VL - 9 IS - 2 LA - en AB - Antineoplastic agents are generally the drugs used to recess or prevent tumor growth which is promoted in many cases by certain factors like vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR-2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). These two factors seem important in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in fetal, normal and neoplastic tissue. Prevention of VEGF family of proteins and cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme is a good strategy to inhibit the growth of tumor tissue eventually may give rise to recession. In this study, three potentially active and an active ligand were tested for their binding properties to two target molecules mentioned above by molecular docking study. This research is aimed to compare three different molecules according to their binding affinities, binding energies and the nature of bonds formed between the ligand and the target molecules. Showing the 3D structures will localize the fitted ligands on proteins and the possible hydrogen bonds formed were defined. Among the three proposed ligands, Ligand 1 showed the closest results to the commercial product lenalidomide®. All three ligands showed similar ∆G values and fitness scores with lenalidomide® which is an indicator of good fit, proximity and orientation with the target molecule. KW - Molecular Docking KW - VEGFR-2 KW - COX-2 KW - In-silico CR - [1] Kenakin, T. (2018). A Pharmacology Primer: Techniques for More Effective and Strategic Drug Discovery, 4th ed. San Diego, CA, Academic Press. CR - [2] Strømgaard K, Krogsgaard-Larsen P, Madsen U, (2017). Eds. Textbook of Drug Design and Discovery. CRC Press. CR - [3] Gorgulu, G., Cicek, M. B., Dede, B. (2018). Novel Aminoketooxime Ligand and Its Cu(II) and Mn(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking Studies. Acta Physica Polonica A, 133(2), 250–255. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.133.250 CR - [4] Sliwoski, G., Kothiwale, S., Meiler, J., Lowe, E. W. (2014). Computational methods in drug discovery. Pharmacological Reviews, 66(1), 334-395. DOI:10.1124/pr.112.007336 CR - [5] Tammela, T., Enholm, B., Alitalo, K., Paavonen, K. (2005). The biology of vascular endothelial growth factors, Cardiovascular Research, 65(3), 550–563. DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.12.002 CR - [6] Wilkinson-Berka, J. L. (2004). Vasoactive factors and diabetic retinopathy: vascular endothelial growth factor, cycoloxygenase-2 and nitric oxide. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 10(27), 3331-3348. DOI:10.2174/1381612043383142 CR - [7] Tuccillo, C., Romano, M., Troiani, T., Martinelli, E., Morgillo, F., De Vita, F., Bianco, R., Gabriella, F., Bianco, R.A., Tortora, G., Ciardiello, F. (2005). Antitumor activity of ZD6474, a vascular endothelial growth factor-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with SC-236, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor. Clinical Cancer Research, 11(3), 1268-1276. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.1268.11.3 CR - [8] Ferrara, N., Gerber, H.P., LeCouter, J. (2003). The biology of VEGF and its receptors, Nature Medicine, 9(6), 669-676. DOI:10.1038/nm0603-669 CR - [9] Karipcin, F., Arabali, F., Karatas, I. (2006). Synthesis and characterization of 4-(alkylaminoisonitrosoacetyl) biphenyls and their complexes. Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 32(2), 109-115. DOI:10.1134/S1070328406020059 CR - [10] Karipcin, F., Dede, B., Cengiz, M. (2010). Synthesis of (2-hydroxo-5-chlorophenylaminoisonitroso acetyl) phenyl ligands and their complexes: Spectral, thermal and solvent-extraction studies. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 55(4), 530-540. DOI:10.1134/S0036023610040078 CR - [11] Dede, B., Karipcin, F., Arabalı, F., Cengiz, M. (2010). Synthesis, structure, and solvent-extraction properties of tridentate oxime ligands and their cobalt (II), nickel (II), copper (II), zinc (II) complexes. Chemical Papers, 64(1), 25-33. DOI: 10.2478/s11696-009-0095-6 CR - [12] Grosdidier, A., Vincent Z., Olivier M. (2011). Swissdock, A Protein-Small Molecule Docking Web Service Based on EADock DSS. Nucleic Acids Res, 39(2), 270-277. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr366 CR - [13] GaussView, Revision 5.0.9, R. Dennington, T. A. Keith, J. M. Millam, Semichem Inc., Shawnee Mission, KS, 2009. CR - [14] Pettersen, E. F., Goddard, T. D., Huang, C. C., Couch, G. S., Greenblatt, D. M., Meng, E. C., Ferrin, T. E. (2004). UCSF Chimera-a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 25(13), 1605-1612. DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20084 UR - https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.1147789 L1 - http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2553848 ER -