TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Flipped Classroom Technique on Developing English Speaking Skills of EFL learners
AU  - Demir, Çağlar
AU  - Mirzaie, Hossein
PY  - 2023
DA  - October
DO  - 10.29000/rumelide.1372487
JF  - RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi
JO  - RumeliDE
PB  - Yakup YILMAZ
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2148-7782
SP  - 1392
EP  - 1403
IS  - 36
LA  - en
AB  - Various innovative language teaching techniques have been created and applied in language classes to improve students’ speaking skills. Flipped classroom technique, a new pedagogical model, has paved the way for transformation in the foreign language teaching field for it provides students with online instruction or language content in videos to be studied as homework and an opportunity to practice linguistic input in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of the Flipped Classroom Technique on developing the English Speaking Skills of EFL learners. Semi-experimental method was used to examine the data. The population of the study was made up of Forty-seven intermediate EFL students in an English institute in Khorramabad, Iran. They were divided into two groups, experimental (males=8, females=9) and control group (males=9, females=8). Each group comprised of seventeen students. The experimental group was taught based on flipped classroom techniques while the control group was taught according to traditional methods. Besides, the participants’ age range was between 16 to 26 years old. The instruments used for data collection are the IELTS Speaking Test, Multimedia resources, Brainstorming, and the IELTS speaking rubric. The findings of the study show that there is a meaningful difference between those instructed with flipped classroom techniques and those instructed with traditional methods. Those who were taught by the flipped technique outperformed those who were instructed by the traditional methods. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom technique is an effective technique in terms of developing the speaking skills of EFL learners.
KW  - Flipped classroom technique
KW  - Speaking skills
KW  - English language
KW  - Learners of English language
CR  - Aburezeq, I. M. (2020). The impact of the flipped classroom on developing Arabic speaking skills. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(4), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-019-00483-z
CR  - Abdullah, M. Y., Hussin, S., & Ismail, K. (2019). Implementation of flipped classroom model and its effectiveness on English speaking performance. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Online), 14(9), 130. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i09.10348
CR  - Adnan, M. (2017). Perceptions of senior-year ELT students for the flipped classroom: A materials development course. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(3–4), 204–222. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1301958
CR  - Ahmadi, D., & Reza, M. (2018). The use of technology in English language learning: A literature review. International Journal of Research in English Education, 3(2), 115-125. http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-120-en.html
CR  - Alcaraz-Valencia, P. A., Gaytán-Lugo, L. S., Gallardo, S. C. H., & Arellano, R. M. (2020). The Role of Technology in Audio Text Comprehension for English as a Second Language. In Recent Tools for Computer-and Mobile-Assisted Foreign Language Learning (pp. 212-228). IGI Global.https://doi.org/ 10.4018/978-1-7998-1097-1.ch010
CR  - Amiryousefi, M. (2019). The incorporation of flipped learning into conventional classes to enhance EFL learners’ L2 speaking, L2 listening, and engagement. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 13(2), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2017.1394307
CR  - Altemueller, L.&Lindquist, C.(2017). Flipped classroom instruction for inclusive learning. Nasenjournals, England. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8578.12177
CR  - Baltacı, HS.(2018). How to Challenge Gender Stereotypes in EFL Classroom? Sabancı University, School of Languages Conference, Istanbul
CR  - Basal, A. (2015). The implementation of a flipped classroom in foreign language teaching. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 16(4), 28-37.
CR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tojde/issue/16949/176933
CR  - Bax, S. (2011). Normalisation revisited: The effective use of technology in language education. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching (IJCALLT), 1(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2011040101
CR  - Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day.Eugene,OR:ISTE.https://www.rcboe.org/cms/lib/GA01903614/Centricity/Domain/15451/Flip_your_Classroom.pdf
CR  - Bishop, J., & Verleger, M. A. (2013). The flipped classroom: A survey of the research. ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 23-1200). https://peer.asee.org/the-flipped-classroom-a-survey-of-the-research
CR  - Boud, D.,Cohen R. & Sampson J. (2013). Peer Learning in Higher Education, Routledge, USA. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315042565
CR  - Brown, A., & Wood, L. (2018). A critical participatory pedagogical approach to enabling life orientation students to develop social literacy through HIV education. African Journal of AIDS Research, 17(2), 153-162 https://doi.org/ 10.2989/16085906.2018.1478311. PMID: 30003847.
CR  - Challob, A. I. (2021). The effect of flipped learning on EFL students’ writing performance, autonomy, and motivation. Education and Information Technologies, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10434-1
CR  - Chen Hsieh, J.S., Wu, W.C.V., & Marek, M.W. (2017). Using the flipped classroom to enhance EFL learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(1–2), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2015.1111910
CR  - Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
CR  - Duran, NC. (2006). Exploring gender differences in the EFL classroom,Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal.
CR  - http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-46412006000100006
CR  - Eady, M. J., & Lockyer, L. (2013). Tools for learning: technology and teaching strategies: Learning to teach in the primary school. Queensland University of Technology, Australia. pp. 71-89.
CR  - Evseeva, A., & Solozhenko, A. (2015). Use of flipped classroom technology in language learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 206, 205-209. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.006
CR  - Fayzullayeva, M. B. (2021). USING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING. ResearchJet Journal of Analysis and Inventions, 2(05), 181-185.
CR  - https://reserchjet.academiascience.org/index.php/rjai/article/download/175/158
CR  - Fulton, K. (2012). ‘10 reasons to flip’, Phi Delta Kappan, 94 (2), 20– 24. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171209400205
CR  - Giannakos, M. N., Krogstie, J., & Sampson, D. (2018). Putting flipped classroom into practice: A comprehensive review of empirical research. Digital technologies: Sustainable innovations for improving teaching and learning, 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73417-0_2
CR  - Hung, H. (2015). Flipping the classroom for English language learners to foster active learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 28(1), 81–96.   
https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2014.967701
CR  - Karasar, N. (1999). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi (9. Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım
CR  - Köroglu, Z. Ç., & Çakir, A. (2017). Implementation of Flipped Instruction in Language Classrooms: An Alternative Way to Develop Speaking Skills of Pre-Service English Language Teachers. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 13(2), 42-55. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1153321
CR  - Li, S & Suwanthep, J. (2017). Integration of Flipped Classroom Model for EFL Speaking, International Journal of Learning and Teaching,3 (2), p.118.
CR  - http://www.ijlt.org/uploadfile/2017/0525/20170525050549726.pdf
CR  - Makila, A. (2015). Constructing Gender in the EFL Classroom, How Swedish Upper Secondary School Students Perform Gender in Oral Communication, Interdisciplinary Degree Project, Department of Languages and Literature, University of Gothenburg.
CR  - https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43560545.pdf
CR  - Milman, N. B. (2012). The flipped classroom strategy: What is it and how can it best be used?. Distance learning, 9(3), 85. http://joell.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/121-124-USE-OF-TECHNOLOGY-IN-IMPROVING-SPEAKING-SKILLS.pdf
CR  - Miner, T. (2004). Using technology to enhance learning: Instructor-or student-moderated discussion boards: Which are more effective?
CR  - http://www.cccone.org/scholars/0405/TomMiner_final_report.pdf
CR  - Namaziandost, E., & Çakmak, F. (2020). An account of EFL learners’ self-efficacy and gender in the Flipped Classroom Model. Education and Information Technologies, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10167-7
CR  - Parveen, B. W. (2016). Use of technology in improving speaking skills. Journal of English language and literature (JOELL), 3(2). http://joell.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/121-124-USE-OF-TECHNOLOGY-IN-IMPROVING-SPEAKING-SKILLS.pdf
CR  - Pourhossein Gilakjani, A. (2017). A review of the literature on the integration of technology into the learning and teaching of English language skills. International Journal of English Linguistics, 7(5),95-106. 
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fdb5/3756a6484da8d7310a593e124c187dc5d67f.pdf
CR  - Reichardt CS. (2019). Quasi-Experimentation: A Guide to Design and Analysis, Guilford Publications, Business & Economics, London.
CR  - Sudarmaji, I., Anwar, A. A. A., & Mulyana, A. (2021). Developing students’ speaking skills through Flipped Classroom Model. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 5(2), 188-200.
CR  - Qureshi, I. A. (2007). The importance of speaking skills for EFL learners. Department of English, Alama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan. Psycholinguistics.
CR  - https://vulms.vu.edu.pk/Courses/EDU516/Downloads/Speaking_Skills.pdf
CR  - Yesilçinar, S. (2019). Using the Flipped Classroom to Enhance Adult EFL Learners' Speaking
CR  - Skills. PASAA: Journal of Language Teaching and Learning in Thailand, 58, 206-23. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1227386
UR  - https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1372487
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3459697
ER  -