TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ondokuzuncu Yüzyıl Sonlarında Anadolu'da Bir Bitki Toplayıcısı: Paul Sintenis (1847-1907)
TT  - A plant collector in Anatolia at the end of the nineteenth century:  Paul Sintenis (1847­1907)
AU  - Baytop, Asuman
PY  - 2004
DA  - December
JF  - Osmanli Bilimi Arastirmalari (Studies in Ottoman Science)
PB  - İstanbul Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1303-3123
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
LA  - tr
AB  - Paul Ernst Emil Sintenis (1847­1907) is a German pharmacist educated at Görlitzand later atBreslau. After practising hisprofession atBolkenhain and later at Brandenburg a.H., he decided to become a plantcollector. Hispassion for collecting led him to Cyprusin 1880;to Istria, Dalmatia and North Italy in 1881;to Puerto Rico in1884­1887;to Macedonia, Thessalia and Thasosin 1891, to Greece in 1896;to Iran in 1900­1901. He made sixexpeditionsto Anatolia between 1883and 1894.In 1883he visited Çanakkale, Troas, mountIda and Assos. He collected notless than 1350specimens.In 1888 he came to S.Anatolia. He landed atMersin at the end of February, travelled eastwards up to Mardin, collecting through the provinces of İçel, Hatay, Gaziantep, Urfa, Adıyaman, Diyarbakır and Siirt, returned and leftthe country from İskenderun or Mersin on Mid­August, with a collection of at least 1464specimens (Cullen 1963).In 1889, he made a third expedition to Anatolia. He arrived atTrabzon atthe beginning of April, collected within the provincesof Trabzon, Gümüşhane, Erzincan, Malatya and Elazığ, and returned from Trabzon ataboutmid­August. Hiscollection comprisesatleast 1726specimens(Cullen 1963).In 1890, he again came to Trabzon in April, visited Gümüşhane, Erzincan and Elazığ, butconcentrated hisgatheringsin Erzincan, mainly in the vicinity of Kemaliye. He returned to Trabzon atthe end of August. Hisspecimen numbersrun from ca.2069 to ca.3492(Cullen 1963).In 1892, he landed atİnebolu(N.Anatolia) in April, wentupto Tosya via Küre and Kastamonu, and returned to İnebolu with a collection numbering from 3660 to 5349(Cullen 1963).In 1894, he made hissixth and final expedition to N.E.Anatolia. He landed at Trabzon, came to Gümüşhane from where he returned with a rich collection of nearly 2300specimens(Cullen 1963).In all, the Anatolian collection of Sintenis may be estimated to ca. 10.000 specimens.The presence in Flora of Turkey of 4specimenscollected from Istanbul proves thatSintenisarrived to and departed from Istanbul, during histravelsof 1889to 1894. The citation of a fifth specimen from Istanbul (vol. 11:19) is doubtful and needs revision.A specimen from İzmir, which iserroneously dated in the Flora as1800, reveals thatSintenishasbeen in İzmir on hisway to Cyprusin 1880, or to Mersin in 1888.Sintenisdid notdescribe plants. He puthismaterial atthe disposal of German botanists who identified, named and published them. These botanists were mainly J.F.Freyn (1845­1903), J.F.N. Bornmüller (1862­1948), H.K.Haussknecht (1838­ 1903) and P.F.A.Ascherson (1834­1913). Among them, Freyn often added Sintenis’s name after his, when naming a new species.Sintenis collected a great number and a great diversity of plants. Hissets are widely distributed to a large number of public herbaria. According to Vegter (1986) and Holmgren etal.(1990), 78herbaria located in 27countrieson four continents hold his collections. Turkish specimens are to be found in 37 herbaria of 19 countries (Vegter 1986). The Herbarium of the Faculty of Sciences of Ankara University is among them (Vegter 1986). Itholds30Anatolian specimensof Sintenis. Hisoriginal collection isin Lund and containsabout100.000specimens(Vegter 1986).The number of Sintenis’s Anatolian specimens cited in P.H.Davis’s Flora of Turkey is 2900, from which 240 are type specimens. With the rich material he gathered from Anatolia, he has been muchhelpful, as a keen plant collector, in the advancementof our knowledge of the Turkish flora and the flora of S.W. Asia.
KW  - Anadolu  bitkileri
KW  - botanik geziler
KW  - botanik tarihi
KW  - gezginler
KW  - seyyahlar
KW  - Sintenis
KW  - Türkiye florası
N2  - Paul Ernst Emil Sintenis (1847­1907) is a German pharmacist educated atGörlitzand later atBreslau. After practising hisprofession atBolkenhain and later atBrandenburg a.H., he decided to become a plantcollector. Hispassion for collectingled him to Cyprusin 1880;to Istria, Dalmatia and North Italy in 1881;to Puerto Ricoin1884­1887;to Macedonia, Thessalia and Thasosin 1891, to Greece in 1896;to Iranin 1900­1901. He made sixexpeditionsto Anatolia between 1883and 1894.In 1883he visited Çanakkale, Troas, mountIda and Assos. He collected notlessthan 1350specimens.In 1888 he came to S.Anatolia. He landed atMersin at the end of February,travelled eastwards up to Mardin, collecting through the provinces of İçel, Hatay, Gaziantep, Urfa, Adıyaman, Diyarbakır and Siirt, returned and leftthe country fromİskenderun or Mersin on Mid­August, with a collection of at least 1464specimens(Cullen 1963).In 1889, he made a third expedition to Anatolia. He arrived atTrabzon atthebeginning of April, collected within the provincesof Trabzon, Gümüşhane, Erzincan, Malatya and Elazığ, and returned from Trabzon ataboutmid­August. Hiscollectioncomprisesatleast 1726specimens(Cullen 1963).In 1890, he again came to Trabzon in April, visited Gümüşhane, Erzincan andElazığ, butconcentrated hisgatheringsin Erzincan, mainly in the vicinity of Kemaliye. He returned to Trabzon atthe end of August. Hisspecimen numbersrun from ca.2069to ca.3492(Cullen 1963).In 1892, he landed atİnebolu(N.Anatolia) in April, wentupto Tosya via Küreand Kastamonu, and returned to İnebolu with a collection numbering from 3660 to5349(Cullen 1963).In 1894, he made hissixth and final expedition to N.E.Anatolia. He landed atTrabzon, came to Gümüşhane from where he returned with a rich collection of nearly2300specimens(Cullen 1963).In all, the Anatolian collection of Sintenis may be estimated to ca. 10.000specimens.The presence in Flora of Turkey of 4specimenscollected from Istanbul provesthatSintenisarrived to and departed from Istanbul, during histravelsof 1889to 1894.The citation of a fifth specimen from Istanbul (vol. 11:19) is doubtful and needsrevision.A specimen from İzmir, which iserroneously dated in the Flora as1800, revealsthatSintenishasbeen in İzmir on hisway to Cyprusin 1880, or to Mersin in 1888.Sintenisdid notdescribe plants. He puthismaterial atthe disposal of Germanbotanists who identified, named and published them. These botanists were mainlyJ.F.Freyn (1845­1903), J.F.N. Bornmüller (1862­1948), H.K.Haussknecht (1838­1903) and P.F.A.Ascherson (1834­1913). Among them, Freyn often added Sintenis’sname after his, when naming a new species.Sintenis collected a great number and a great diversity of plants. Hissets arewidely distributed to a large number of public herbaria. According to Vegter (1986)and Holmgren etal.(1990), 78herbaria located in 27countrieson four continents holdhis collections. Turkish specimens are to be found in 37 herbaria of 19 countries(Vegter 1986). The Herbarium of the Faculty of Sciences of Ankara University isamong them (Vegter 1986). Itholds30Anatolian specimensof Sintenis. Hisoriginalcollection isin Lund and containsabout100.000specimens(Vegter 1986).The number of Sintenis’s Anatolian specimens cited in P.H.Davis’s Flora ofTurkey is 2900, from which 240 are type specimens. With the rich material hegathered from Anatolia, he has been muchhelpful, as a keen plant collector, in theadvancementof our knowledge of the Turkish flora and the flora of S.W. Asia.
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuoba/issue//14254
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/13304
ER  -