TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comparison between Locke’s and Mill’s Notions of Liberty
TT  - Locke ve Mill’in Özgürlük Kavramları Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma
AU  - Assadi, Soheil
PY  - 2025
DA  - June
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.26650/arcp.1496585
JF  - Felsefe Arkivi
PB  - İstanbul Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 0378-2816
SP  - 193
EP  - 207
IS  - 62
LA  - en
AB  - Throughout the last few centuries of human intellectual history, liberty has consistently assumed a prominent role as a fundamental philosophical concept. Among the various schools of political thought, the Liberalism ideology emphasizes freedom the most. In this study, two important philosophers of the liberal tradition who conducted discussions on liberalism, John Locke and John Stuart Mill, are discussed. The research method is compilation, and the similarities and differences between the thoughts of the two philosophers have been examined. According to the results of the research, Locke, who lived throughout the seventeenth century, focused on the concept of natural law, while Mill, a nineteenth-century liberal, followed a Utilitarian approach. While Locke emphasized that freedom and will are separate in terms of the abilities of the mind, Mill argued that causality is not contrary to freedom and does not mean absolute determinism by suggesting the separation of freedom and causality. Locke advocated religious tolerance and the separation of church and state. In contrast, Mill understood liberty in terms of individual autonomy and minority rights within a democratic framework, arguing freedom of expression, thought, and action should only be restricted to prevent harm to others. Despite these differences, freedom continues to be important as a general subject that should be discussed beyond the principles of the age. Furthermore, both philosophers underscored the intrinsic value of liberty as essential for human flourishing, societal progress, and the pursuit of happiness.
KW  - John Locke
KW  - John Stuart Mill
KW  - liberty
KW  - freedom
KW  - liberalism
N2  - İnsanlığın düşünsel tarihinin son birkaç yüzyılı boyunca özgürlük, temel bir felsefi kavram olarak önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir. Siyasi düşüncenin çeşitli ekolleri arasında özgürlüğe en çok vurgu yapan ideoloji Liberalizmdir. Bu çalışmada liberal geleneğin iki önemli filozofu olan ve liberalizm üzerine tartışmalar yürüten John Locke ve John Stuart Mill ele alınmaktadır. Araştırma yöntemi derleme olup, iki filozofun düşünceleri arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, on yedinci yüzyıl boyunca yaşamış olan Locke doğal hukuk kavramına odaklanırken, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl liberallerinden Mill faydacı bir yaklaşım izlemiştir. Locke, zihnin yetenekleri açısından özgürlük ve iradenin ayrı olduğunu vurgularken, Mill özgürlük ve nedenselliğin ayrılmasını öne sürerek nedenselliğin özgürlüğe aykırı olmadığını ve mutlak determinizm anlamına gelmediğini savunmuştur. Locke dini hoşgörüyü ve kilise ile devletin ayrılmasını savunmuştur. Buna karşılık Mill, özgürlüğü demokratik bir çerçevede bireysel özerklik ve azınlık hakları açısından anlamış, ifade, düşünce ve eylem özgürlüğünün yalnızca başkalarına zarar gelmesini önlemek için kısıtlanması gerektiğini savunmuştur. Bu farklılıklara rağmen özgürlük, çağın ilkelerinin ötesinde tartışılması gereken genel bir konu olarak önemini korumaya devam etmektedir. Ayrıca, her iki filozof da özgürlüğün insanın gelişmesi, toplumsal ilerleme ve mutluluk arayışı için gerekli olan içsel değerinin altını çizmiştir.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1496585
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3985229
ER  -