TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diyabetik Retinopatinin Tespitinde ve Derecelendirilmesinde Derin Öğrenme Teknolojilerinin Kullanılması
TT  - Utilization of Deep Learning Technologies in The Detection and Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy
AU  - Karagülle, Esma Fazilet
AU  - Odabaş Yıldırım, Esra
AU  - Yildirim, Mustafa
PY  - 2025
DA  - December
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.31466/kfbd.1535708
JF  - Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi
JO  - KFBD
PB  - Giresun Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2564-7377
SP  - 1426
EP  - 1446
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
LA  - tr
AB  - Diyabetik Retinopati (DR), diyabet hastalığının retina damarlarını etkileyen ciddi ve yaygın bir komplikasyondur. Hastalığın ilerlemesiyle retina dokusunda mikro anevrizmalar, kanamalar ve ödem gelişmekte; tedavi edilmediği takdirde ileri evrelerde görme kaybı ve körlüğe yol açabilmektedir. Bu nedenle DR’nin erken evrede tespiti ve teşhisi klinik açıdan büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Kaggle APTOS 2019 Körlük Tespiti yarışmasından elde edilen retina görüntüleri kullanılarak farklı Evrişimli Sinir Ağı (ESA) ve Transformer (Dönüşüm) tabanlı derin öğrenme mimarilerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Modellerin performansları, uygulanan gelişmiş ön işleme ve veri artırma stratejilerinin etkileri bağlamında detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Deneylerde ResNet18, EfficientNetB4, VGG16 ve DenseNet121 gibi ESA tabanlı mimariler ile Swin Transformer gibi Transformer tabanlı modeller kullanılmıştır. Tüm modeller, 5-katlı çapraz doğrulama yöntemi ile eğitilmiş ve performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, veri artırma tekniklerinin DR sınıflandırma başarısını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artırdığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, Swin Transformer modeli %85.00 doğruluk ve %91.37 QWK (Quadratic Weighted Kappa) ile en yüksek performansı sergilemiş ve Transformer tabanlı modellerin geleneksel ESA tabanlı modellere kıyasla DR sınıflandırmasında daha iyi performans sergilediğini göstermiştir.
KW  - Derin öğrenme
KW  - Diyabetik retinopati
KW  - Evrişimli sinir ağları
KW  - Görüntü işleme
KW  - Transformer tabanlı mimariler
KW  - Veri artırma
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1535708
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4155933
ER  -