TY - JOUR T1 - Çatışma bölgelerinde anne ve çocuk sağlığı: Filistin'de sağlık hizmetlerine erişimin önündeki engeller TT - Maternal and child health in conflict zones: Obstacles to access to health services in Palestine AU - Olğaç, Kadriye PY - 2024 DA - December Y2 - 2024 DO - 10.21673/anadoluklin.1540264 JF - Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences JO - Anatolian Clin PB - Hayat Sağlık ve Sosyal Hizmetler Vakfı WT - DergiPark SN - 2149-5254 SP - 89 EP - 95 VL - 29 IS - Special Issue on Gaza LA - tr AB - Savaşlar, sağlığın sosyal belirleyicilerini ve onu korumak için tasarlanmış olan sağlık sistemlerini bozmaktadır. 7 Ekim 2023’ten beri Filistin’de devam eden işgal özellikle hassas grupta yer alan anne ve çocukların hayatını önemli ölçüde tehlikeye atmaktadır. Filistin’de yaşayan halk, işgalin neden olduğu gıda ve su sorunları, bulaşıcı hastalıkların artması, yaşam koşullarının yetersizliği, ruhsal sorunların artması gibi birçok fiziksel ve psikolojik sorunla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Binlerce anne ve çocuk ölümü, yaralanmalar gün geçtikçe artmaya devam etmektedir. Hastanelerin hasar alması, yeterli ekipmanlara ulaşamama gibi faktörler sağlık hizmetlerine erişimi engellemektedir. Hamile kadınların yeterli bir şekilde sağlık hizmetine ulaşamaması anne ve bebek ölümlerinde artış görülmesine neden olmaktadır. Aynı şekilde çocukların sağlık hizmetine ulaşamaması birçok fiziksel ve psikolojik rahatsızlığın artmasına yol açmaktadır. Herkesin sağlık hizmeti alması insani bir hak iken Filistinli anne ve çocuklar bu durumdan mahrum kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle annelerin ve çocukların sağlık sorunlarının ve gereksinimlerinin tespit edilmesi ve yeterli sağlık hizmetlerini alması oldukça önemlidir. Filistinli anne ve çocukların kaliteli bir sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşmalarının sadece ahlaki bir zorunluluk değil, korunması ve desteklenmesi gereken temel bir insan hakkı olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı da; Filistin’de işgal sırasında anne ve çocukların sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşamamasının sonuçlarına değinmek, farkındalık yaratmak ve bu durumu tüm Dünya’ya duyurabilmektir. KW - Anne sağlığı KW - çocuk sağlığı KW - Filistin KW - sağlık hizmetleri KW - sağlık hizmetlerinin ulaşılabilirliği N2 - Wars disrupt the social determinants of health and the health systems designed to protect it. Since 7 October 2023, the ongoing occupation in Palestine has significantly endangered the lives of mothers and children, especially those in the vulnerable group. People living in Palestine face many physical and psychological problems caused by the occupatin, such as food and water problems, increased infectious diseases, inadequate living conditions and increased mental problems. Thousands of mother and child deaths and injuries continue to increase day by day. Factors such as damage to hospitals and lack of access to adequate equipment prevent access to health services. The inability of pregnant women to access adequate health services leads to an increase in maternal and infant mortality. Similarly, children’s inability to access health services leads to an increase in many physical and psychological disorders. While it is a human right for everyone to receive health services, Palestinian mothers and children are deprived of this situation. Therefore, it is very important to identify the health problems and needs of mothers and children and to ensure that they receive adequate health services. It should not be forgotten that access to quality health care for Palestinian mothers and children is not only a moral obligation, but a fundamental human right that must be protected and promoted. The aim of this compilation is to address the consequences of the inability of mothers and children to access health services during the occupation in Palestine, to raise awareness and to announce this situation to the whole world. CR - Beiraghdar F, Momeni J, Hosseini E, Panahi Y, Negah SS. Health Crisis in Gaza: The Urgent Need for International Action. Iran J Public Health. 2023;52(12):2478-83. CR - Pathan SR, Sharma KB, Saiyad SY. The urgent call for ımproved healthcare for children in Palestine amidst conflict. Cureus. 2024;16(4):e57450. CR - Seita A, Al-Jadba G. Gaza is facing a humanitarian catastrophe. The Lancet. 2023;402(10414):1745. CR - WHO. (2023). Women and newborns bearing the brunt of the conflict in Gaza, UN agencies warn. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news/item/03-11-2023-women-and-newborns-bearing-the-brunt-of-the-conflict-in-gaza-un-agencies-warn CR - ReliefWeb. (2023). Relentless attacks, collapse of health and safety systems leave Gaza’s women and girls facing “unthinkable challenges”. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/relentless-attacks-collapse-health-and-safety-systems-leave-gazas-women-and-girls-facing-unthinkable-challenges CR - Salmiya MA. Urgent humanitarian call to save lives in Gaza. The Lancet. 2023;402(10412):1523-4. CR - Elessi K. Save Gaza residents from imminent catastrophe. The Lancet. 2023;402(10412):1522-3. CR - Mahase E. Gaza: "Unprecedented" bombing of hospital leaves hundreds dead and injured. BMJ. 2023;383:2423. CR - Mahase E. Gaza: Israel's hospital evacuation orders are "death sentence for the sick," says WHO. BMJ. 2023;383:2397. CR - Ibrahim A, Stepansky J. Al Jazeera. (2023). Israel-Hamas war updates: Regional tensions soar as Israel bombs Gaza. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/10/18/israel-hamas-war-live-limited-gaza-aid-deal-agreed-between-us-and-egypt CR - Hamad Y. Gazze şeridinde ekonomik ablukanın sağlık sektörüne etkileri. The Journal of Academic Social Science. 2020;106:360-75.. CR - WHO. (2023). Accessing essential health services in fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/activities/accessing-essential-health-services-in-fragile-conflict-affected-and-vulnerable-settings CR - Sen S. The pandemic under siege: A view from the Gaza Strip. World Dev. 2020;135:105063. CR - Aamir A, Awan HA, Diwan MN, et al. The dilemma of treating the infected versus the wounded: Gaza's healthcare system is choked. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2021;36(6):2430-2435. CR - Al-Jadba G, Zeidan W, Spiegel PB, Shaer T, Najjar S. (2024). Unrwa at the frontlınes: managıng health care ın gaza durıng catastrophe. WHO; Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://gazahcsector.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/pdf/public_records/UNRWA%20at%20the%20frontlines_%20managing%20health%20care%20in%20Gaza%20during%20catastrophe%20_%20UNRWA.pdf CR - Kınık K, Dağ N, Çalışkan C, Doğan M. Assault on healthcare in conflict: A critical examination of attacks on medical facilities and personnel in occupied Palestinian territories and Gaza post-October 7 under the lens of international law. Anadolu Klin. 2024;29(1):1-6. CR - UNICEF. (2024). State of Palestine humanitarian situation report. Erişim tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.unicef.org/media/160286/file/SOP-Humanitarian-SitRep-31-July-2024.pdf CR - Waterston T, Nasser D. Access to healthcare for children in Palestine. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2017;1(1):e000115. CR - Procter C, Pontalti K, Hart J, Alruzzi M. Conceptualising and challenging child neglect in humanitarian action: Protecting displaced children in Jordan and Palestine. Child Abuse Negl. 2024;147:106539. CR - Farhat T, Ibrahim S, Abdul-Sater Z, Abu-Sittah G. Responding to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza: damned if you do… damned if you don’t! Ann Glob Health. 2023;89(1):1-6. CR - Ben Saad H, Dergaa I. Public health in peril: assessing the ımpact of ongoing conflict in Gaza Strip (Palestine) and advocating ımmediate action to halt atrocities. N Asian J Med. 2023;1(2):1-6. CR - Hamshari S, Hamadneh S, Ghneem M, et al. Barriers faced by primary healthcare providers in addressing emergencies in the Northern region of Palestine before and during the Gaza war. BMC Prim Care. 2024;25(1):261. CR - United Nations|Question of Palestine. (2023). Gaza: UN experts decry bombing of hospitals and schools as crimes against humanity, call for prevention of genocide. Erişim tarihi: 22 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/unispal/document/gaza-un-experts-decry-bombing-of-hospitals-and-schools-as-crimes-against-humanity-call-for-prevention-of-genocide/ CR - Buss P, Alcázar S, Souza LE. End the violence and help the victims in Gaza. The Lancet. 2023;402(10413):1622-3. CR - Ben Saad H. Urgent humanitarian appeal: Protecting the lives of women and children in the Gaza Strip (Palestine). J Public Health Res. 2024;13(1):22799036241229312. CR - Paltiel O, Manor O, Calderon Margalit R, et al. Children on the Gaza-Israel Border: Victims of War. Public Health Rev. 2024;45:1607192. CR - UNICEF. (2023). Joint statement by UNICEF, WHO, UNFPA and UNRWA on women and newborns bearing the brunt of the conflict in Gaza. Erişim tarihi: 22 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/joint-statement-unicef-who-unfpa-and-unrwa-women-and-newborns-bearing-brunt-conflict CR - Dyer O. Gaza hospitals are within hours of losing power as fuel embargo continues, say doctors and agencies. BMJ. 2023;383:2470. CR - ReliefWeb. (2023). Nutrition Cluster - State of Palestine Gaza Strip, November 2023. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/nutrition-cluster-state-palestine-gaza-strip-november-2023 CR - UNICEF. (2024). Over 13,000 children killed in Gaza, others severely malnourished: UNICEF. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/17/over-13000-children-killed-in-gaza-others-severely-malnourished-unicef CR - WHO. (2024). Children’s lives threatened by rising malnutrition in the Gaza Strip. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news/item/19-02-2024-children-s-lives-threatened-by-rising-malnutrition-in-the-gaza-strip CR - Global Nutrition Cluster. (2023). State of Palestine. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.nutritioncluster.net/resources/nutrition-cluster-state-palestine-infographic CR - WHO. (2024). Humanitarian pauses vital for critical polio vaccination campaign in the Gaza Strip. Erişim tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/humanitarian-pauses-vital-critical-polio-vaccination-campaign-gaza-strip CR - WHO. (2023). WHO reports underline barriers to the right to health in the occupied Palestinian territory. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: http://www.emro.who.int/opt/news/who-reports-underline-barriers-to-the-right-to-health-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory.html CR - UNICEF. (2023). Child casualties in Gaza a ‘stain on our conscience’: UNICEF. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ağustos 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/25/over-2000-children-killed-in-gaza-a-stain-on-our-collective-conscience CR - Avcı A. Çocuk haklarının gölgesinde Gazze’nin unutulan çocukları. Ombudsman Akademik. 2024; Özel Sayı 2 (Gazze): 562-586. UR - https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1540264 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4176557 ER -