TY - JOUR T1 - Ahlaki uzaklaşma ve zorbalık davranışı: Türkiye örnekleminde yeni bir ölçeğin psikometrik incelenmesi TT - Moral disengagement and bullying behavior: Psychometric evaluation of a new scale in a Turkish sample AU - Bakır, Vedat AU - Kuşci, İsmail PY - 2025 DA - January Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.21764/maeuefd.1547674 JF - Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty PB - Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 2146-5983 SP - 635 EP - 659 IS - 73 LA - tr AB - Bu çalışmada, Jeong ve arkadaşları (2024) tarafından geliştirilen Ahlaki Uzaklaşma Zorbalık Davranışı Ölçeği'nin (AUZDÖ) Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, iki farklı örneklemdeki toplam 510 üniversite öğrencisi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile incelenmiştir. AFA sonucunda, orijinal ölçekle tutarlı olarak tek faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiş, 5. maddenin çıkarılmasıyla 13 maddelik bir form oluşturulmuştur. DFA sonuçları, tek faktörlü yapıyı doğrulamıştır (χ²/sd = 2.292, CFI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.065). Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa katsayısı .901, McDonald omega katsayısı .899 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçüt geçerliği kapsamında, AUZDÖ'nün Ahlaki Uzaklaşma Ölçeği (r = 0.521), Siber Zorbalık (r = 0.323), Siber Mağduriyet (r = 0.297) ve Depresyon (r = 0.192) ile pozitif; Psikolojik İyi Oluş (r = -0.294) ile negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular, AUZDÖ'nün Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. AUZDÖ'nün Türkçe uyarlaması, zorbalık ve ahlaki uzaklaşma alanındaki araştırmaların gelişimine katkı sağlayacak, ayrıca zorbalığı önleme ve müdahale programlarının geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilecek değerli bir araç sunmaktadır. KW - Ahlaki uzaklaşma KW - zorbalık davranışı KW - ölçek uyarlama N2 - This study aimed to adapt the Moral Disengagement in Bullying Behavior Scale (MDBBS) developed by Jeong et al. (2024) into Turkish and examine its psychometric properties. The research was conducted with a total of 509 university students across two different samples. The construct validity of the scale was examined through Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). As a result of the EFA, a single-factor structure consistent with the original scale was obtained, and a 13-item form was finalized after the removal of item 5. The CFA results confirmed the single-factor structure (χ²/df = 2.292, CFI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.065). The scale demonstrated a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .901 and a McDonald's omega coefficient of .899. For criterion validity, the MDBBS showed significant positive correlations with the Moral Disengagement Scale (r = 0.521), Cyberbullying (r = 0.323), Cyber Victimization (r = 0.297), and Depression (r = 0.192), and a significant negative correlation with Psychological Well-being (r = -0.294). These findings indicate that the Turkish version of the MDBBS is a valid and reliable measurement tool. The adaptation of the MDBBS into Turkish will contribute to advancing research in the areas of bullying and moral disengagement and provide a valuable instrument for the development of bullying prevention and intervention programs. CR - Arslan, N. (2017). Peer Bullying among high school students: Turkish version of Bullying Scale. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 5, 853-857. CR - Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44(9), 1175. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1175 CR - Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 193 209. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0303_3 CR - Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31(2), 101-119. CR - Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(2), 364–374. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.2.364 CR - Brislin, R. W., Lonner, W. J., & Thorndike, R. M. (1973). Cross-cultural research methods. John Wiley & Sons. CR - Bussey, K., Fitzpatrick, S., & Raman, A. (2015). The role of moral disengagement and selfefficacy in cyberbullying. Journal of School Violence, 14(1), 30-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2014.954045 CR - Caprara, G. V., Fida, R., Vecchione, M., Tramontano, C., & Barbaranelli, C. (2009). Assessing civic moral disengagement: Dimensionality and construct validity. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 504–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.027 CR - Concha-Salgado, A., Ramírez, A., Pérez, B., Pérez-Luco, R., & García-Cueto, E. (2022). Moral disengagement as a self-regulatory cognitive process of transgressions: Psychometric evidence of the Bandura scale in Chilean adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(19), 12249. CR - Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K. (1995). Relational aggression, gender, and social-psychological adjustment. Child Development, 66(3), 710-722. CR - Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: A study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 374-391. CR - DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). Sage Publications. CR - Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-w., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9493-y CR - Efilti, E., & Özdemir, Ş. A. (2021). Swearer Zorbalık Ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması ve geçerlilik, güvenilirlik analizi. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17(34), 125-146. http://dx.doi.org/110.26466/opus.738264 CR - Ekmekçioğlu, E., & Aydoğan, E. (2019). Ahlaki uzaklaşma ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 54(2), 701-712. CR - Fang, J., Wang, X., Yuan, K.-H., & Wen, Z. (2020). Childhood psychological maltreatment and moral disengagement: A moderated mediation model of callous-unemotional traits and empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 157, Article 109814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109814 CR - Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (4th ed.). Sage Publications. George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10th ed.). Pearson. CR - Gezici Yalçın, M., Şenyurt, A. Y., Gültepe, B., & Coşkun, H. (2016). Ahlâkî Uzaklaşma Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 309-332. CR - Gini, G., Pozzoli, T., & Hymel, S. (2014). Moral disengagement among children and youth: A meta‐analytic review of links to aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 40(1), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21502 CR - Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson. CR - Hu, L.-t., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118 CR - Hymel, S., & Perren, S. (2015). Introduction to the special issue: Moral disengagement and aggression in children and youth. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 61(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.61.1.0001 CR - Hymel, S., Rocke-Henderson, N., & Bonanno, R. A. (2005). Moral disengagement: A framework for understanding bullying among adolescents. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 1-11. CR - Jeong, R., Demaray, M. K., & Styck, K. M. (2024). Development of the Moral Disengagement Bullying Behavior Scale. International Journal of Bullying Prevention. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-023-00206-5 CR - Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press. CR - Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 1073-1137. CR - Kutlu, F., & Aydın, G. (2010). Akran zorbalığı ölçek geliştirme ön çalışması: Kendini bildirim formu. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 13(25), 1-12. CR - Kyriacou, C., & Zuin, A. (2016). Cyberbullying and moral disengagement: an analysis based on a social pedagogy of pastoral care in schools. Pastoral Care in Education, 34(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2015.1134631 CR - Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U CR - Moore, C. (2008). Moral disengagement in processes of organizational corruption. Journal of Business Ethics, 80(1), 129-139. CR - Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Blackwell Publishing. CR - Pornari, C. D., & Wood, J. (2010). Peer and cyber aggression in secondary school students: The role of moral disengagement, hostile attribution bias, and outcome expectancies. Aggressive Behavior, 36(2), 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20336 CR - Steiger, J. H. (2007). Understanding the limitations of global fit assessment in structural equation modeling. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(5), 893–898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.09.017 CR - Streiner, D. L. (2003). Starting at the beginning: An introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency. Journal of Personality Assessment, 80(1), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA8001_18 CR - Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson. CR - Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in science education, 48, 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2 CR - Tanrikulu, I., & Erdur-Baker, Ö. (2021). Psychometric properties of a Cyberbullying Inventory for university students. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 49(3), 494-507. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2020.1775174 CR - Tavşancıl, E. (2002). Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Nobel Yayıncılık. CR - Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(28-3), 374-384. CR - Thornberg, R., & Jungert, T. (2014). School bullying and the mechanisms of moral disengagement. Aggressive Behavior, 40(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21509 CR - Visconti, K. J., Ladd, G. W., & Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. (2015). The role of moral disengagement in the associations between children’s social goals and aggression. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 61(1), 101–123. https://doi.org/10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.61.1.0101 CR - Worthington, R. L., & Whittaker, T. A. (2006). Scale development research: A content analysis and recommendations for best practices. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(6), 806–838. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006288127 CR - Yılmaz, Ö., Boz, H., & Arslan, A. (2017). Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeğinin (DASS 21) Türkçe kısa formunun geçerlilik-güvenilirlik çalışması. Finans Ekonomi ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(2), 78-91. UR - https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1547674 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4204530 ER -