TY - JOUR T1 - YIKICI DEPREMLERDE MADALYONUN DİĞER YÜZÜ: TRAVMA SONRASI BÜYÜME TT - THE OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN IN DESTRUCTIVE EARTHQUAKES: POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH AU - Nalbantoğlu, İsmail AU - Artan, Taner PY - 2025 DA - July Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.30794/pausbed.1559479 JF - Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi JO - PAUSBED PB - Pamukkale Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1308-2922 SP - 353 EP - 361 IS - 69 LA - tr AB - Deprem gibi yıkıcı ve travmatik olaylar, bireylerde biyopsikososyal açıdan olumsuz etkiler yaratabilmektedir. Diğer taraftan bu tür zorlu yaşam deneyimleri, travma sonrası büyüme gibi olumlu değişimleri tetikleme gücüne sahiptir. Travma sonrası büyüme, bireylerin yaşadıkları zorlu ve sarsıcı olayların ardından gelişim göstermeleri, daha güçlü ve dayanıklı bir hale gelmeleri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Travma sonrası büyüme kişisel güçlenme, yeni olasılıkların fark edilmesi, yaşamın değerinin daha derinden anlaşılması, tinsellik ve diğer insanlarla ilişkilerin güçlenmesi gibi çeşitli boyutları içermektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, travma sonrası büyüme kavramını detaylı bir şekilde ele almak ve bu kavramın kuramsal temellerini deprem sonucu gelişen travma kapsamında açıklığa kavuşturmaktır. Araştırma kapsamında deprem sonrası sağ kalan bireylerin gelişimini destekleyen faktörler incelenmektedir. Sosyodemografik özelliklerin, sosyal destek ağlarının ve baş etme stratejilerinin travma sonrası büyümeyle ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Depremden sağ kurtulanlar ile ilgili olarak gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalar, insanların sadece depremden ne derece olumsuz etkilendiği üzerine değil aynı zamanda olumlu büyüme sürecine girmelerine nasıl destek olunabileceğine odaklanmalıdır. KW - Travma sonrası büyüme KW - deprem KW - baş etme stratejileri KW - sosyal destek N2 - Destructive and traumatic events such as earthquakes leave negative biopsychosocial effects on individuals. On the other hand, these challenging life experiences also have the power to trigger positive changes such as post-traumatic growth. Post-traumatic growth is defined as individuals' development and becoming stronger and more resilient after challenging and traumatic events. Post-traumatic growth includes various dimensions such as personal empowerment, realization of new possibilities, deeper understanding of the value of life, spirituality and strengthening relationships with other people. The aim of this study is to examine the concept of post-traumatic growth in detail and to clarify the theoretical foundations of this concept within the context of post-earthquake trauma. Within the scope of the research, the factors that support the development of survivors after the earthquake are examined. It is observed that sociodemographic characteristics, social support networks and coping strategies are associated with post-traumatic growth. The studies to be carried out on earthquake survivors should focus not only on the extent to which people were negatively affected by the earthquake, but also on how to support them for a positive growth process. CR - Amiri, H., Nakhaee, N., Nagyova, I., Timkova, V., Okhovati, M., Nekoei-Moghadam, M., & Zahedi, R. (2021). Posttraumatic growth after earthquake: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of social psychiatry, 67(7), 867-877. Doi:10.1177/0020764021995856 CR - Barskova, T., & Oesterreich, R. (2009). Post-traumatic growth in people living with a serious medical condition and its relations to physical and mental health: a systematic review. Disability and rehabilitation, 31(21), 1709–1733. Doi:10.1080/09638280902738441 CR - Cao, C., Wang, L., Wu, J., Li, G., Fang, R., Cao, X., ... & Elhai, J. D. (2018). Patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and posttraumatic growth in an epidemiological sample of Chinese earthquake survivors: A latent profile analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1549. Doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01549 CR - Cénat, J. M., & Derivois, D. (2014). Assessment of prevalence and determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms in adults survivors of earthquake in Haiti after 30 months. Journal of Affective Disorders, 159, 111-117. Doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.025 CR - Chadda, R. K., Malhotra, A., Kaw, N., Singh, J., & Sethi, H. (2007). Mental health problems following the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir: findings of community-run clinics. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 22(6), 541-545. Doi:10.1017/S1049023X00005409 CR - CRED-UNDRR. (2020). The human cost of disasters: an overview of the last 20 years 2000-2019. https://www.undrr.org/publication/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019 (E. T.: 19.07.2024) CR - Dogan, A. (2011). Adolescents’ posttraumatic stress reactions and behavior problems following Marmara earthquake. European journal of psychotraumatology, 2(1), 5825. Doi:10.3402/ejpt.v2i0.5825 CR - Dorahy, M. J., Rowlands, A., Renouf, C., Hanna, D., Britt, E., & Carter, J. D. (2015). Impact of average household income and damage exposure on post‐earthquake distress and functioning: A community study following the February 2011 C hristchurch earthquake. British Journal of Psychology, 106(3), 526-543. Doi:10.1111/bjop.12097 CR - Fausor, R., Sanz, J., Navarro-McCarthy, A., Gesteira, C., Morán, N., Cobos-Redondo, B., ... & García-Vera, M. P. (2022). Long-term posttraumatic growth in victims of terrorism in Spain. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 847099. Doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847099 CR - García, F. E., Páez-Rovira, D., Cartes Zurtia, G., Neira Martel, H., & Reyes Reyes, A. (2014). Religious coping, social support and subjective severity as predictors of posttraumatic growth in people affected by the earthquake in Chile on 27/2/2010. Religions, 5(4), 1132-1145. Doi:10.3390/rel5041132 CR - Görür, N. (2020). Türkiye’de deprem: Az gittik uz gittik. İstanbul: Doğan Kitap CR - Gözübüyük A. A., Duras E., Dağ H., & Arıca V. (2015), Olağan üstü durumlarda çocuk sağlığı. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 6(3), 324-330. Doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2015.03.0544 CR - Henson, C., Truchot, D., & Canevello, A. (2021). What promotes post traumatic growth? A systematic review. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 5(4), 100195. Doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2020.100195 CR - Hirad, S., Miller, M. M., Negash, S., & Lambert, J. E. (2023). Refugee posttraumatic growth: A grounded theory study. Transcultural Psychiatry, 60(1), 13-25. Doi:10.1177/13634615211062966 CR - Jafari, H., Heidari, M., Heidari, S., & Sayfouri, N. (2020). Risk factors for suicidal behaviours after natural disasters: A systematic review. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: MJMS, 27(3), 20–33. Doi:10.21315/mjms2020.27.3.3 CR - Jahangiri, K., Yousefi, K., Mozafari, A., & Sahebi, A. (2020). The prevalence of suicidal ideation after the earthquake: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(12), 2330–2338. Doi:10.18502/ijph.v49i12.4815 CR - Jia, X., Ying, L., Zhou, X., Wu, X., & Lin, C. (2015). The effects of extraversion, social support on the posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth of adolescent survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake. PloS one, 10(3), e0121480. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121480 CR - Jin, Y., Xu, J., & Liu, D. (2014). The relationship between post traumatic stress disorder and post traumatic growth: gender differences in PTG and PTSD subgroups. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 49(12), 1903–1910. Doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0865-5 CR - Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2005). Positive adjustment to threatening events: An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of General Psychology, 9(3), 262-280. Doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.3.262 CR - Kafes, A. Y., Çiller, A., & Şakiroğlu, M. (2024). Virtual reality supported intervention program for trauma symptoms of individuals who experienced an earthquake: An effectiveness study. Noro psikiyatri arsivi, 61(1), 15–23. Doi:10.29399/npa.28568 CR - Kane, J. C., Luitel, N. P., Jordans, M. J. D., Kohrt, B. A., Weissbecker, I., & Tol, W. A. (2018). Mental health and psychosocial problems in the aftermath of the Nepal earthquakes: findings from a representative cluster sample survey. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 27(3), 301-310. Doi:10.1017/S2045796016001104 CR - Kübler-Ross, E. (1969). On Death and Dying (1st ed.). London: Routledge. Doi:10.4324/9780203010495 CR - Lerner, M. J., & Miller, D. T. (1978). Just world research and the attribution process: Looking back and ahead. Psychological Bulletin, 85(5), 1030-1051. CR - Ma, X., Liu, X., Hu, X., Qiu, C., Wang, Y., Huang, Y., ... & Li, T. (2011). Risk indicators for post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents exposed to the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake in China. Psychiatry research, 189(3), 385-391. Doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.12.016 CR - Nietzsche, F. (1998). Twilight of the Idols. Oxford: Oxford University Press CR - Ogińska-Bulik, N., & Kobylarczyk, M. (2016). Association between resiliency and posttraumatic growth in firefighters: the role of stress appraisal. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 22(1), 40–48. Doi:10.1080/10803548.2015.1109372 CR - Park, C.L., Cohen, L.H. and Murch, R.L. (1996), Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth. Journal of Personality, 64(1), 71-105. Doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00815.x CR - Peters, J., Bellet, B. W., Jones, P. J., Wu, G. W., Wang, L., & McNally, R. J. (2021). Posttraumatic stress or posttraumatic growth? Using network analysis to explore the relationships between coping styles and trauma outcomes. Journal of anxiety disorders, 78, 102359. Doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102359 CR - Prati, G. & Pietrantoni, L. (2009). Optimism, social support, and coping strategies as factors contributing to posttraumatic growth: A meta-analysis. Journal of loss and trauma, 14(5), 364-388. Doi:10.1080/15325020902724271 CR - Prieto-Ursúa, M., & Jódar, R. (2020). Finding meaning in hell. The role of meaning, religiosity and spirituality in posttraumatic growth during the coronavirus crisis in Spain. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 567836. Doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567836 CR - Ramos, C., & Leal, I. P. (2013). Posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of trauma: A literature review about related factors and application contexts. Psychology, Community & Health, 2(1), 43-54. Doi:10.5964/pch.v2i1.39 CR - Sattler, D. N., Claramita, M., & Muskavage, B. (2018). Natural disasters in Indonesia: Relationships among posttraumatic stress, resource loss, depression, social support, and posttraumatic growth. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 23(5), 351–365. Doi:10.1080/15325024.2017.1415740 CR - Seo, H., & Lee, O. (2020). Mediating role of post-traumatic stress disorder in post-traumatic growth in adults who experienced the 2017 Pohang earthquake. Journal of affective disorders, 263, 246–251. Doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.162 CR - Shaw, A., Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2005). Religion, spirituality, and posttraumatic growth: a systematic review. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 8(1), 1–11. Doi:10.1080/1367467032000157981 CR - Sönmez, M. B. (2022). Depremin psikolojik etkileri, psikolojik destek ve korkuyla baş etme. TOTBİD Dergisi, 21(3), 337-343. Doi:10.5578/totbid.dergisi.2022.46 CR - Şevik, A. E. (2023). Deprem ve yaşlılık: Psikososyal bir bakış. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi (YSAD) / Elderly Issues Research Journal (EIRJ), 16(1), 49-57. Doi:10.46414/yasad.1292526 CR - Tang, W., Lu, Y., & Xu, J. (2018). Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescent earthquake victims: comorbidity and associated sleep-disturbing factors. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 53, 1241-1251. Doi: 10.1007/s00127-018-1576-0 CR - Tedeschi R.G. & Calhoun L.G. (1996). The posttraumatic growth inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9(3), 455-471. Doi:10.1007/BF02103658 CR - Tedeschi, R.G., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Taku, K. & Calhoun, L.G. (2018). Posttraumatic Growth: Theory, Research, and Applications. New York: Routledge CR - Thapa, P., Acharya, L., Bhatta, B. D., Paneru, S. B., Khattri, J. B., Chakraborty, P. K., & Sharma, R. (2018). Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder after earthquake. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 16(1), 53-57. CR - Tomich, P. L., & Helgeson, V. S. (2012). Posttraumatic growth following cancer: Links to quality of life. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 25(5), 567-573. Doi:10.1002/jts.21738 CR - Vishnevsky, T., Cann, A., Calhoun, L. G., Tedeschi, R. G., & Demakis, G. J. (2010). Gender Differences in Self-Reported Posttraumatic Growth: A Meta-Analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 34(1), 110-120. Doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2009.01546.x CR - Xu, J. & Liao, Q. (2011). Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic growth among adult survivors one year following 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Journal of affective disorders, 133(1-2), 274-280. Doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.03.034 CR - Zorn M. (2018). Natural disasters and less developed countries. In Pelc S., Koderman M. (Eds.), Nature, tourism and ethnicity as drivers of (de) marginalization (pp. 59–78). Springer. UR - https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1559479 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4255695 ER -