@article{article_1567673, title={A Significant Paradigm Shift in Disability Studies: The Social Model and Its Critique}, journal={Bulanık MYO Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi}, volume={2}, pages={63–70}, year={2024}, author={Aksakal, Erol}, keywords={Engellilik, Tıbbi Model, Sosyal Model, Fiziksel Bariyerler, Sosyal Engeller}, abstract={Before the 20th century, the issue of disability was addressed by reducing it to the individual’s body and focusing on mental, physical, physical disorders and developmental deficiencies in the body. In this sense, disability focused on eliminating or reducing the deficiencies and limitations in the body through intervention. In this respect, the paradigm formed as a medical also referred to as the traditional model, treated disability as a medical, pathological case. After the 20th century and the middle of the 20th century, there were changes in the ideas and definitions of disability along with the disability movements that occurred especially in Western Europe. In the context of these changes, it has begun to be thought that disability has a broad perspective that cannot be defined only through the body, and in this context, a significant paradigm change and a social model has emerged. According to the social model, disability was considered in terms of obstacles that emerged in the context of the individual’s social life and social relations. The fact that the social model addresses disability socially has led to a broader examination of disability in terms of social sciences and the emergence of different perspectives in fields such as sociology. While the social model brought about an important and revolutionary change, over time the social model was thought to be inadequate in explaining disability and began to be criticized. In this context, this study focuses on the groundbreaking impact of the medical model and the social model that emerged after it, while discussing the subject with critical thoughts on the social model.}, number={2}, publisher={Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi}