TY - JOUR T1 - Capitalism and Ecological Disasters: An Eco-Socialist Reading of Caryl Churchill’s Escaped Alone TT - Kapitalizm ve Ekolojik Felaketler: Caryl Churchill’in Escaped Alone Adlı Oyununun Ekososyalist Okuması AU - Erden, Yalçın AU - Ozturk, Abdul Serdar PY - 2024 DA - November Y2 - 2024 DO - 10.22559/folklor.2652 JF - Folklor/Edebiyat JO - folk/ed PB - Uluslararası Kıbrıs Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1300-7491 SP - 1123 EP - 1140 VL - 30 IS - 120 LA - en AB - This study aims to analyse Escaped Alone by Caryl Churchill from an eco-socialistperspective. The devastating consequences of the impairment of ecological balanceare considerably felt in the contemporary world, and several literary works are notindifferent to current ecological predicaments that constitute an existential threat tohumanity. Escaped Alone is no exception, and the play presents potential ecologicaland social risks awaiting humanity unless eco-indifferent capitalist practices arehalted. Accordingly, this essay examines the eco-catastrophic incidents such asrockfalls, aridity, chemical leaks, pandemics, and unstoppable fires that ravageboth humans and nonhumans in Escaped Alone to discuss the role of the capitalistsystem in ecological crises. After demonstrating the basic tenets of eco-socialismby referring to noteworthy critics, the study displays how capitalism exacerbatessocial inequality and devastates planetary resources by scrutinising the systematicoverexploitation of nature, the unlimited desire for profit, eco-indifferent massproduction and consumption processes, and humans’ lost bond with nature in theplay. It seeks to argue that ecological crises are not independent of socioeconomicproblems triggered by the capitalist system. Most importantly, it highlights that theeco-catastrophic narration prevalent in the play not only enables the playwright todemonstrate the source of ecological problems but also prompts the eco-indifferentaudience to gain eco-consciousness. KW - eco-socialism KW - ecological disasters KW - Caryl Churchill KW - dystopia N2 - Bu çalışma Caryl Churchill’in Escaped Alone adlı oyununu eko-sosyalist bir perspektiften incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Günümüz dünyasında ekolojik dengenin bozulmasının yıkıcı sonuçları ciddi manada hissedilmekte ve insanlık için varoluşsal birtehdit oluşturan çeşitli ekolojik çıkmazlara birçok edebi eser yer vermektedir. EscapedAlone isimli tiyatro eseri de bir istisna değildir. Bu eser ekolojiyi dikkate almayankapitalist uygulamalar durdurulmadığı ve ekolojik bilince sahip olunmadığı takdirde insanlığı bekleyen olası ekolojik ve sosyal riskleri gözler önüne sermektedir. Bubağlamda bu çalışma kapitalizmin ekolojik krizlerin oluşmasındaki rolünü tartışmakadına kayaların kayması, kuraklık, kimyasal sızıntı, pandemi ve söndürülemeyen yangınlar gibi hem insanları hem de insandışı varlıkları tahrip eden ekolojik felaketleriincelemektedir. Bu makale eko-sosyalizmin temel özelliklerini ifade ettikten sonratiyatro eserindeki doğal kaynakların sistematik sömürüsünü, sınırları olmayan kâr arzusunu, ekolojiyi dikkate almayan kitlesel üretim ve tüketim süreçlerini ve insanlarınkapitalist sistemle birlikte yitirdikleri doğayla olan bağlarını mercek altına alarak kapitalizmin sosyal eşitsizliği nasıl daha da derinleştirdiğini ve gezegene ait kaynaklarıharap ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma ekolojik krizlerin kapitalist sistem tarafından tetiklenen sosyoekonomik problemlerden bağımsız olmadığını vurgulamayaçalışmaktadır. En önemlisi de bu çalışma tiyatro eserindeki ekolojik felaketlerle doluanlatımın ekolojik sorunların kaynağını ortaya koymaya ve çevre bilinci olmayan seyircinin bilinçlenmesine önemli bir katkı sunduğunu vurgulamaktadır. CR - Albritton, R. (2019). Conclusion: “Time and tides wait for no one”. Eco-socialism for now and the future. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/ chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-05183-9_9 CR - Carson, R. (1964). Silent spring. Fawcett Publications. (Originally published 1962). CR - Churchill, C. (2016). Escaped alone. Nick Hern Books Limited. CR - Crutzen, P. J. (2006). Albedo enhancement by stratospheric sulfur injections: a contribution to resolve a policy dilemma? Climate Change, 77, 211–219. https://doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y CR - FAO. (2017). The future of food and agriculture: Trends and challenges. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. CR - Foster, J. B. (1999). The vulnerable planet: A short economic history of the environment. Monthly Review Press. CR - Foster, J. B. (2000). Marx’s ecology: Materialism and nature. Monthly Review Press. CR - Foster, J. B. (2002). Ecology against capitalism. Monthly Review Press. CR - Foster, J. B., Clark, B., & York, R. (2010). The ecological rift: Capitalism’s war on the earth. Monthly Review Press. CR - Fraser, N. (2009). Feminism, capitalism, and the cunning of history. New Left Review, 56, 97-117. CR - Glotfelty, C. (1996). Introduction: Literary studies in an age of environmental crisis. In C. Glotfelty & H. Fromm (Eds.) The ecocriticism reader: Landmarks in literary ecology (pp. xv- 2). University of Georgia Press. CR - Harvey, D. (1997). The condition of postmodernity: An enquiry into the origins of cultural change. Blackwell. CR - Kovel, J., & Löwry, M. (2001, September). An ecosocialist manifesto. Environment and ecology. Retrieved from http://environment-ecology.com/political-ecology/436-an-ecosocialistmanifesto.html CR - Kovel, J. (2007). The enemy of nature: The end of capitalism or the end of the world. Zed Books. CR - Löwry, M. (2018, October). Why ecosocialism: For a red-green future. Great Transition Initiative. Retrieved from https://greattransition.org/publication/why-ecosocialism-red-green-future. CR - Marx, K. (1976). Capital (Vol. 1). Vintage. (Original work published in 1867). CR - O’Connor, J. (1988). Capitalism, nature, socialism a theoretical introduction. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 1(1), 11-38, https://doi.org 10.1080/10455758809358356 CR - Oppermann, S. (1999). Ecocriticism: Natural world in the literary viewfinder. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 29-46. CR - Pepper, D. (1993). Eco-socialism: From deep ecology to social justice. Routledge. CR - Pepper, D. (2010). On contemporary eco-socialism. In Q. Huan (Ed.), Eco-socialism as politics: Rebuilding the basis of our modern civilisation (pp. 33-44). Springer. CR - Romero, A. M. (2015). The alchemy of capital: Industrial waste and the chemicalization of United States agriculture. UC Berkeley. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rh0d4df CR - Wall, D. (2010). The rise of the green left: Inside the worldwide ecosocialist movement. Pluto Press. CR - Wehner, M.F., Arnold, J.R., Knutson, T., Kunkel, K.E., & LeGrande, A.N. (2017) Droughts, floods, and wildfires. In Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J. Dokken, B.C. Stewart, & T.K. Maycock (Eds.) Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment. Retrieved from https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/8/. CR - WHO, UNICEF, World Bank. (2022). State of the world’s drinking water: an urgent call to action to accelerate progress on ensuring safe drinking water for all. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240060807 UR - https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2652 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4328667 ER -