@article{article_1607270, title={Identity and Diplomacy: The Construction of Turkish National Identity During the Population Exchange Process Under the Treaty of Lausanne}, journal={Journal of Turkology}, volume={35}, pages={173–195}, year={2025}, DOI={10.26650/iuturkiyat.1607270}, author={Gürel, Onur}, keywords={Kimlik, Diplomasi, Lozan Antlaşması, Nüfus Mübadelesi, Türk Ulusal Kimliği}, abstract={On January 30, 1923, the ‘Convention and Protocol on the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations’ was signed within the framework of the Treaty of Lausanne, resulting in a compulsory population exchange based on religious beliefs. This agreement stipulated the mutual exchange of Muslim and Orthodox Christian populations between Türkiye and Greece. The Turkish delegation at the Lausanne Conference was headed by İsmet Pasha (İsmet İnönü). Approximately 1.200.000 Orthodox Christian Greeks migrated from Turkey to Greece, while approximately 500.000 Muslim Turks migrated from Greece to Turkey. This process significantly altered the demographic structure of both countries and played a critical role in nation-state building. The research aims to contribute to the existing literature by examining the population exchange process in the context of diplomatic negotiations and international relations. Unlike most existing studies that focus on socio-cultural and historical dimensions, the article emphasizes diplomatic perspectives. Highlighting these perspectives has allowed for a broader evaluation of the population exchange’s impact on national identity construction. Historical research methods and document analysis were used in the study to examine the axis of diplomatic negotiations and international relations.}, number={1}, publisher={İstanbul Üniversitesi}