TY - JOUR T1 - Keeping Memories Alive and Living Again An Evaluation on Nurdağı Open Air Earthquake Museum AU - Topçu, Feray AU - Karademir, Nadire PY - 2025 DA - July Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.26650/JGEOG2025-1615103 JF - Journal of Geography PB - İstanbul Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1305-2128 SP - 47 EP - 64 IS - 50 LA - en AB - One of the most important areas where the dimensions of natural disasters are kept alive and concretised in the memory of the place is disaster-themed museums. Visits to these museums are part of sadness tourism and contribute to raising awareness against natural disasters and keeping public consciousness alive. The aim of this study was to convey the perception of the idea of creating Nurdağı open-air Nurdağı earthquake museum through the eyes of the main actors. In this context, the museum experiences of those who visited the museum and those within the comments on the subject in the electronic environment, the motives that pushed them to this experience, their satisfaction, types of emotions, and their approaches to the opening of an earthquake-themed museum were examined. Semi-structured interviews with 15 people who visited the museum and 113 electronic comments about the museum on social media channels and internet news were analysed. The findings obtained were subjected to content analysis and inductive coding was performed. The MAXQDA 2024 programme was used for content analysis and data coding. In the study, a main theme as "Nurdağı Open Air Earthquake Museum" and six basic categories under this theme were put forward. The points where the perception of the museum differed negatively and positively between the museum visitors and the internet comments and the points where they were in common were determined. In this context, data were analysed and theories were proposed. Accordingly, it was emphasised by the visitors that disaster-themed museums are an important tool in preserving social memory, whereas in social media, it was underlined that it may prevent the long-term preservation of social memory. In this context, it is important that such museums reach a wider audience quantitatively and qualitatively, that they are supported with rich content so that visitors can interact emotionally and intellectually and that they are integrated into educational institutions to raise disaster awareness among students. KW - Earthquake KW - Nurdağı KW - Open Air Earthquake Museum KW - Sadness Tourism CR - Abdula H., & Aygen Z. (2022). Architecture and monumentaiity in iiterature: An exampie of the Bridge on the Drina by Ivo Andric. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, 32(1), 407-434. https://doi.org/10.26650/LITERA2021-876432 google scholar CR - Abe, A. (2020). Digital-marketing methods with consideration for the properties of open-air museums: a feasibility study in Japan. Proceedings of the 56th International Academic Conference, Lisbon. https://doi.org/10.20472/iac.2020.056. 001 google scholar CR - Abe, A. (2018). An attempt to create new value at open-air museums in japan: use of wearable devices. Proceedings of the 4th Arts and Humanities Conference, Stockholm. https://doi.org/10.20472/ahc.2018.004.001 google scholar CR - Adelan, L. A., Carillo, L. V., & Delantar, A. F. A. (2023). Dark tourism: tourist motivations at the site of grief in liberty shrine, cebu, Philippines. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 4(5), 1409-1416. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.05.01 google scholar CR - Akbulut, O., & Ekin, Y. (2022). Living history: The case of battlefield tourism and revitalisation communities. Urban Academy, 15(2), 439-451. https://doi.org/10. 35674/kent.988625 google scholar CR - Alili, M. (2017). A Theoretical Study on the Comparison of Sadness Tourism Destinations in Europe and Turkey. International Journal of Global Tourism Research, 1(1), pp. 37-50. google scholar CR - Aylan, S., & Kaya, İ. (2021). Content Analysis of Electronic Comments on Ulucanlar Prison Museum Visitors as a Sadness Tourism Destination. Journal of Turkish Tourism Research, 4(1), 488-504. google scholar CR - Baş, T., & Akturan, U. (2017). Computer-Assisted Qualitative Research Methods in Social Sciences. Seçkin Publishing. google scholar CR - Biran, A., & Hyde, K. F. (2013), “New perspectives on dark tourism”, International Journal af Culture, Tourlsm And Hospitality Research, 62, 63-77. 7 Issue 3, pp. 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2013-0032 google scholar CR - Brinkmann, S. (2018). The interview. In N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (pp. 997-1038). SAGE Publications, Inc. google scholar CR - Bozdoğan, S., & Benek, S. (2022). Modern Coğrafi Düşüncede Mekân ve Yer Kavramlarının Teorik Temelleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. Journal of Geography (43),177-195. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2021-892074 google scholar CR - Bozok, D., Açıksözlü, Ö., Şahin, N. N., & Varol, İ. (2014). A Research to Examine the Relationship Between Tourists’ Personality Traits and Their Tendency to Postmodern Tourism: The Case of Balıkesir Province. In 9th International Conference: New Perspectives In Tourısm And Hospıtalıty (pp. 849-871). google scholar CR - Çetinkaya, E. (2023). Earthquakes and Their Effects in All Aspects. Berikan Publishing House. Ankara. ISBN: 978-625-6591-03-5 google scholar CR - Çelik, G. (2023). Modern and Postmodern Phases of Collective Memory: A Comparative Analysis., 3(2), 5-30. Https://Doi. Org/10.59597/Akademikaci.1362890 google scholar CR - Deniz, A., Özgür, E. M., & Öksüz, M. (2019). The effects of religious spaces on social memory: The case of the Istanbul Aya Panteleymon Orthodox Church. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 39, 171-188. https:// doi.org/10.32003/iggei.469070 google scholar CR - Dinç, Y. (2024). Postmodern Kentleşmede Yerin Önemi: Stadyumlar Üzerinden Teorik Bir Tartışma. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(52), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.17295/ ataunidcd.1519086 google scholar CR - Eren, N. (2019). "Battlefield Tourism in the Paradigm of Peace Between Societies Torn by War": Kars. Master's Thesis. Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Tourism Management. Istanbul. google scholar CR - Eyrek, A. & Çetin, B. (2022). The Role of Social Media Archives in the Construction of Social Memory in the Context of Social Movements. Beykoz Academy Journal, 173-191. Https://doi.org/10.14514/Byk. M.26515393.2021.9/2.173-191 google scholar CR - Gürleyen, T. (2020). Semiotic Narrative of Literary Space in the İntersection of Memory. İDEALKENT, 11(31), 1789-1811. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.746716 google scholar CR - Güzel, M. & Atabeyoğlu, Ö. (2021). Sadness Tourism as a Concept of Spatial Memory in Terms of Landscape Architecture. Journal of Bartın Forest Faculty, 23(2), 477-492. Https://Doi. Org/10.24011/Barofd.871354 google scholar CR - Hartmann, R. (2014). Dark tourism, thanatourism, and dissonance in heritage tourism management: New directions for contemporary tourism research. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(2), 166-182. google scholar CR - Hwang, Y. H., Park, E., Lee, C., & Son, H. (2022). Applying mixed methods to explore lighter and darker shades of hybrid dark tourism experiences. Tourism Review, 78(3), 747-760. https://doi.org/10.1108/tr-01-2022-0002 google scholar CR - İnanır, A. (2022). Research Methods in Tourism: Qualitative Research. Tourism and Scientific Research Methods (In. Editors: Akbaba, A.; Lorcu, F.; Yılmaz. Y. S.). Detay Publishing. Ankara. google scholar CR - Kılıç, B. & Akyurt, H. (2011). Sadness tourism in creating destination image: Afyonkarahisar and Başkomutan Historical National Park, Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 10(1): 209-232. google scholar CR - Kozak, A. M. & Kama, S. (2015). Çanakkale as dark tourism, 8th Postgraduate Student Research Congress. 3-6. google scholar CR - Kolsal, F., & Güven Ulusoy, F. Ö. (2023). Urban experience and the transformation of memory through images. GRID-Architecture Planning and Design Journal, 6(1), 108-132. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1060792 google scholar CR - Levent, Y. (2023). Memory Spaces as a Tool for Remembering and Forgetting. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 22(85), 328-339. Https://Doi. Org/10.17755/ Esosder.1172002 google scholar CR - Lefebvre, H. (2014). Mekânın Üretimi. (I. Ergüden, Çev.), Işık Ergüden, İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık. google scholar CR - Lin, D., Jiang, Z., & Qu, H. (2021). Asymmetric effects of quality of life on residents’ satisfaction: Exploring a new natural disaster tourism destination. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11577-11583, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111577 google scholar CR - Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th bs.). The Jossey-Bass higher education and adult education series. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. google scholar CR - Mehmetoğlu, M. & Altınay, L. (2006). Examination of Grounded Theory Analysis with an Application to Hospitality Research, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 25, 12-33. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2004.12.002 google scholar CR - Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook, 2nd ed (pp. xiv, 338). Sage Publications, Inc. google scholar CR - Mutlutürk, A. (2020). The role of social interaction in social memory from a cognitive psychology perspective. Psychology Studies/Studies in Psychology, 285-316. https://doi.org/10.26650/sp2019-0063 google scholar CR - Namkung, Y., Shin, S. Y. & Yang, S. (2007). A Grounded Theory Approach to Understanding the Website Experiences of Restaurant Customers, Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 10 (1), 77-99. google scholar CR - Niemela, T. (2010). Motivation Factors in Dark Tourism: The Case of Terror at Lahti. Nature and Soft Adventure Tourism. google scholar CR - Park, T. Y., Cho, S. H., & Seo, J. H. (2006). Qualitative Analysis by the Grounded Method, Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 28, 239-249. google scholar CR - Parmaksız, P. (2019). From the Space of Memory to the Memory of Space: A Conceptual Discussion. Ilef Journal. Https://Doi. Org/10.24955/İlef.574436 google scholar CR - Pereira, T., Pereira, M. d. L., & Limberger, P. F. (2022). Dark tourism. Revista Brasileira De Pesquisa Em Turismo 16, 2493. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v16.2493 google scholar CR - Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1990). Basic of Qualitative Research Grounded Theory: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (USA: Stage Publishing Company. google scholar CR - Sungur, M. (2023). Space and Memory: Childhood Home. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1250372 google scholar CR - Şener, E. (2019). The Use of a Grounded Theory Approach in Management Research, Qualitative Social Sciences, 1(1), 22-47. google scholar CR - Şener, B. (2023). The effect of media elements on destination promotion: the case of siop historical prison. International Journal of Humanities and Education, 9(20), 514-532. https://doi.org/10.59304/ijhe.1361123 google scholar CR - Trauer, B. (2006). Conceptualising special interest tourism-frameworks for analysis. Tourism Management, 27(2), 183-200. Doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2004.10.004 google scholar CR - Tarifa-Fernândez, J., Carmona-Moreno, E., & Sânchez-Fernândez R. (2022). An attempt to clarify what deserves to remain dark: a long look back. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 23(4), 517-532. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221110358 google scholar CR - URL-1, (2023). Gaziantep Metropolitan Municipality. https://www.gaziantep.bel.tr/ Last Access Date: 20.02.2024. google scholar CR - Vâzquez, D. G. (2018). Dark tourism and memorial tourism: The nexus and divergences between theoretical models. European Journal of Tourism Research, 20, 46-58. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v20i.339 google scholar CR - Yasak, Ü., Isak, N., & Mertol, H. (2021). A study on city memory: A study on city memory: The case of Turhal. Journal of Anatolian Cultural Research (JANCR), 5(2), pp. 195-211. Retrieved from https://ankad.org/index.php/ankad/article/view/115 google scholar CR - Yıldız, Z., Yıldız, S., & Aytemiz, L. (2015). Black Tourism, Terror Tourism and Turkey Potential. Journal of Human and Social Sciences Research, 4(2), 390-407. https:// doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.17490 google scholar UR - https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2025-1615103 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4500460 ER -