TY  - JOUR
T1  - DEĞİŞEN KİMLİKLER ÇAĞINDA AİLE DOSTU İSTİHDAM POLİTİKALARI VE POST MODERN EBEVEYNLİK
TT  - FAMİLY-FRİENDLY EMPLOYMENT POLİCİES AND POST-MODERN PARENTİNG İN AN AGE OF CHANGİNG IDENTİTİES
AU  - Sağlam, Özgür
PY  - 2025
DA  - June
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.21560/spcd.vi.1625204
JF  - Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi
PB  - Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2148-9424
SP  - 71
EP  - 98
VL  - 2025
IS  - Aile Özel Sayısı Cilt-1
LA  - tr
AB  - Bu makale, "aile dostu" politikaların anne ve babalara, postmodern ilişkiler bağlamında, "ebeveyn" ve "çalışan" kimliklerini yeniden şekillendirme ve müzakere etme konusunda sunduğu fırsatları incelemektedir. Çalışma, bu politikaların bireylerin öz kimliklerini geliştirmek için bir alan sağladığını ve ebeveyn ile çalışan kimliklerinin uyum içinde sürdürülebilmesi için destekleyici yaklaşımlar geliştirilmesi gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Makalede, gelişmiş ülkelerde uygulanan aile dostu istihdam politikaları değerlendirilmiş ve Türkiye'deki mevcut aile dostu politikalar ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye'deki anne ve babaların değişen kimliklerine yanıt verebilecek, çeşitli ihtiyaçları karşılayacak kadar esnek bir politika yaklaşımının nasıl teşvik edilebileceği tartışılmaktadır.
KW  - Ebeveyn kimliği
KW  - Çalışan kimliği
KW  - Aile dostu politikalar
KW  - Kimlik müzakeresi
KW  - post modern ebeveynlik
N2  - This article examines the opportunities that "family-friendly" policies offer mothers and fathers to reshape and negotiate their "parent" and "worker" identities in the context of postmodern relations. The study argues that these policies provide a space for individuals to develop their self-identities and that supportive approaches should be developed to ensure that parent and worker identities are maintained in harmony. The article evaluates family-friendly employment policies implemented in developed countries and discusses current family-friendly policies in Türkiye. It also discusses how a policy approach that is flexible enough to respond to the changing identities of mothers and fathers in Türkiye and to meet various needs can be promoted.
CR  - Aytaç, S., Dursun, S. : (2019). Çalışma yaşamında kadınlar. S. Dursun ve S. Aytaç (Ed.), Çalışma yaşamında özel gruplar içinde (s. 1-64). (2.bs.). Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi.
CR  - Bayar Türkoğlu, H. T., Yüceer Kardeş, T., Özdemir, S., ve Sever M. (2022). Toplumsal cinsiyet algısı, anne istihdam suçluluğu ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi: İş-Aile çatışmasının rolü. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 33(4), 1103-1120. DOI: 10.33417/tsh.1056784
CR  - Beck, U., ve Beck-Gernsheim, E. (1995). The normal chaos of love. Cambridge: Polity Press.
CR  - Brannen, J. (2000). Mothers and fathers in the workplace: United Kingdom. In L. Haas, P. Hwang, ve G. Russell (Eds.), Organizational change and gender equality: International perspectives on fathers and mothers in the workplace (pp. 123-145). London: Sage. Erişim: 18 Aralık 2024, https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?hl=envepublication_year=2000veauthor=J.+Brannen%26vetitle=%0AOrganizational+change+and+gender+equality%3A+international+perspectives+on+fathers+and+mothers+at+the+workplace%0A
CR  - Brannen, J. (1994). Employment and family life: A review of studies in the United Kingdom between 1980-94: Research Series No. 41. London: HMSO.
CR  - Brewis, J. (2004). Sex and the city? The longings of women workers in their thirties. Urban Studies, 41(9), 1821-1838. Erişim: 21 Ocak 2025, https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315879147-11/sex-city-aspirations-thirty-something-working-woman-joanna-brewis
CR  - Butt, S., Goddard, K., ve La Valle, I. (2007). Childcare Nation? Progress on the Childcare Strategy and Priorities for the Future. Daycare Trust.
CR  - Calman, L.J. ve Tarr-whelan L., (2005), Early Childhood Education for All A Wise Investment, Legal Momentum’s Family Initiative, New York: Legal Momentum.
CR  - Cassirer, N., ve Gilchrist, K. (2014). Maternity and paternity at work: Law and practice across the world. International Labour Office. Erişim: 19 Ocak 2025, https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/equality-and-discrimination/maternityprotection/publications/maternity-paternity-at-work-2014/lang--en/index.html
CR  - Cilvez, M. K. (2021). Analık riski özelinde sosyal koruma. In D. M. Şahin, D. Doğukan, ve E. Erdoğan (Eds.), Türkiye'de ve seçilmiş OECD ülkelerinde sosyal koruma (s. 56). Ankara: SGK.
CR  - Collier, R., ve Sheldon, S. (2009). The fragmentation of fatherhood: A socio-legal study. Oxford: Hart Publishing. Erişim: 3 Ocak 2025, https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=envelr=veid=iffbBAAAQBAJveoi=fndvepg=PP1veots=8S5o6cLZv2vesig=zDuaR9VC4celLo8X6tzwIVoK8Pkveredir_esc=y#v=onepageveqvef=false
CR  - Connolly, S., ve Gregory, M. (2008). Downward mobility: Women's part-time work and occupational change in Britain 1991-2001. The Economic Journal, 118(526), 52-75.
CR  - Crompton, R. (2006). Employment and family: Reconfiguring work and family life in contemporary societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
CR  - Crompton, R., ve Lyonette, C. (2008). Who does the housework? Domestic division of labor. In British Social Attitudes: 24th report (pp. 175-190). London: Sage.
CR  - Crosnoe, R., Prickett, K. C., Smith, C., ve Cavanagh, S. (2014). Changes in young children's family structures and child care arrangements. Demography, 51(2), 459–483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0258-5
CR  - Cunningham-Burley, S., Backett-Milburn, S., ve Kemmer, D. (2005). Balancing work and family life: The perspectives of mothers. In L. McKie ve S. Cunningham-Burley (Eds.), Families in society: Boundaries and relationships (pp. 23-38). Bristol: Policy Press.
CR  - Daycare Trust. (2009). Childcare costs survey 2009. London: Daycare Trust. Erişim: 11 Aralık 2024, http://www.daycaretrust.org.uk/data/files/Policy/costs_survey_2009.pdf
CR  - Devan, F. (2005). Assessing fathers' use of parental leave: Towards a conceptual framework. In B. Peper, A. Doorne-Huiskes, ve L. Dulk (Eds.), Flexible working and organizational change: Integrating work and personal life (pp. 247-267). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
CR  - Dulk, L., Peper, B., ve Doorne-Huiskes, A. (2005). Work and family life in Europe: Employment patterns of working parents in welfare states. In B. Peper, A. Doorne-Huiskes, ve L. Dulk (Eds.), Flexible working and organizational change (pp. 13-38). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
CR  - Duncan, S., Edwards, R., Reynolds, T., ve Alldred, P. (2003). Motherhood, paid work and partnership: Values and theories. Work, Employment and Society, 17(2), 309-330. Erişim: 5 Ocak 2025, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0950017003017002005
CR  - EOC. (2005). Raising expectations: EOC’s final report on discrimination against new and pregnant mothers in the workplace. Manchester: EOC.
CR  - Eurostat. (2022) https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database
CR  - Fredman, S. (1997). Women and the law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
CR  - Fudge, J., ve Owens, R. (Eds.). (2006). Precarious work, women, and the new economy: The challenges to legal norms. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
CR  - Giddens, A. (1992). The transformations of intimacy: Sexuality, love and eroticism in modern societies. Cambridge: Polity Press.
CR  - Giddens, A. (2002). Runaway world: How globalisation is reshaping our lives. London: Profile Books. Erişim: 16 Ocak 2025, https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=envelr=veid=ZvIdUf9o7OUCveoi=fndvepg=PT4veots=BS-Q-IJlaDvesig=VxcuVIBnNPtYtSl-w0QA3oTuU9Everedir_esc=y#v=onepageveqvef=false.
CR  - Gönüllü Atakan, A. (2018). Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Ve Bakım Emeği. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(3), 125-136. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.465717
CR  - Günlük Şenesen, G., Pulhan, E., ve Özar, Ş. (2000). Kadın İstihdamı için Yeni Perspektifler ve Kadın İşgücüne Muhtemel Talep. T.C. Başbakanlık Kadının Statüsü ve Sorunları Genel Müdürlüğü, Cem Web Ofset, Ankara, Nisan.
CR  - Güvenel Karaduman, C., ve Ergun, A. (2018). Erkek egemen iş ortamlarında kadın yöneticilerin deneyimleri ve stratejileri. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 21(2), 114-143. https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.476038
CR  - Hakim, C. (2005). Sex differences in work-life balance goals. In D. Houston (Ed.), Work-life balance in the 21st Century. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
CR  - Halis, M., ve Şenkal, A. (2009). Türk işletme kültüründe ortaklık ve güven. İstanbul Ticaret Odası.
CR  - Hattery, A. (2001). Women, work and family: Balancing and weaving. London: Sage.
CR  - Hays, S. (1996). The cultural contradictions of motherhood. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Erişim: 11 Ocak 2025, https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?hl=envepublication_year=1996veauthor=S.+Haysvetitle=%0AThe+cultural+contradictions+of+motherhood%0A
CR  - Himmelweit, S., ve Sigala, M. (2003). Internal and external constraints on mothers' employment: Some implications for policy – Working paper No. 27, ESRC Future of Work Programme. London: ESRC. Erişim: http://www.leeds.ac.uk/esrcfutureofwork/downloads/workingpaperdownloads/fow_paper_27.pdf
CR  - Hochschild, A. R., ve Machung, A. (1989). The second shift: Working parents and the revolution at home. New York: Viking.
CR  - Hooker, H., Casebourne, J., ve Munro, M. (2007). The third work–life balance employee survey: Main findings (employment relations research series No. 580). London: HMSO. Erişim: 23 Kasım 2024, http://www.berr.gov.uk/files/file38388.pdf
CR  - ILO. (2007). World employment report 2007: Employment and social trends. Geneva: International Labour Organization.
CR  - International Labour Organization (ILO). (2023). ILOSTAT database. Retrieved from https://ilostat.ilo.org
CR  - Jackson, C. (1998). Feminism and contemporary sociology: An introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
CR  - James, S. (2004). The new fatherhood: A sociological perspective on contemporary gender roles. Sociology Review, 52, 11-14.
CR  - James, G. (2007). Enjoy your leave, but 'keep in touch': Help to maintain parent/workplace relationships. Industrial Law Journal, 36(3), 313–316.
CR  - James, G. (2009). The legal regulation of pregnancy and parenting in the labour market. London: Routledge-Cavendish.
CR  - Jones, G. (2004). The challenge of change in work and family life. London: Sage.
CR  - Karaali, G. B. (2024). “Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Patriyarka ve Cinsiyete Dayalı İş Bölümü Gölgesinde Yükseköğretim Mezunu Kadınların İşsizlik Deneyimleri: Balıkesir İlinde Bir Uygulama.” Çalışma ve Toplum, C.4, S.1505-1542.
CR  - Kılıç, E. (2019). ‘’Evcimenlik Kültünden Çalışan Anneye: Annelik İdeolojileri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme.’’ Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Haziran 2019, 20(1), 17-36 DOI: 10.17494/ogusbd.595096
CR  - Kilkey, M. (2006). New Labour and reconciling work and family life: Making it fathers' business. Social Policy and Society, 5(2), 167–175.
CR  - Lewis, J. (1999). Marriage, cohabitation and the law: Individualism and obligation. London: Lord Chancellor's Department.
CR  - Lewis, J. (2009). Work-family balance, gender and policy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
CR  - OECD. (2004). Early childhood education and care policy: Canada country note. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Erişim adresi: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-economic-outlook/volume-2022/issue-2_f6da2159-en.html erişim tarihi: 25.01.2025
CR  - Özkan, Ş. (2024). Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği bağlamında ebeveyn izinleri. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(64), 381-407. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1478044
CR  - Öztürk, E., ve Çalıcı, C. (2018). Modern toplumda kimlik, “siber dissosiyasyon” ve “siber alter”: Teorik ve klinik bir yaklaşım. In E. Öztürk (Ed.), Ruhsal travma ve dissosiyasyon (pp. 39-47). Türkiye Klinikleri.
CR  - Öztürk, E. (2020). Travma ve Dissosiyasyon: Psikotravmatoloji Temel Kitabı (2. Baskı). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi. 1-33.
CR  - Phoenix, A., Woollett, A., ve Lloyd, E. (Eds.). (1991). Motherhood: Meanings, practices and ideology. London: Sage. Erişim: 11 Ocak 2025, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0959353597072012
CR  - Purcell, K., Hogarth, T., ve Simm, C. (1999). Whose flexibility?: The costs and benefits of "non-standard" working arrangements and contractual relations. York: York Publishing Services.
CR  - Rich, A. (2021). Of woman born: Motherhood as experience and institution. W.W. Norton ve Company.
Rotondi, V., Allegra, M., Kashyap, R. et al. (2024). Enduring maternal brain changes and their role in mediating motherhood’s impact on well-being. Sci Rep 14, 16608 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67316-y
CR  - Samanlı, R. (2023). Çocuk Yoksulluğunun Genel Görünümü ve Türkiye’de Çocuk Yoksulluğunun Son Hali. Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25 (1), 94-139. DOI: 10.54838/ bilgisosyal.1261390
CR  - Schmidt, E. M., Décieux, F., Zartler, U., ve Schnor, C. (2023). What makes a good mother? Two decades of research reflecting social norms of motherhood. Journal of family theory ve review, 15(1), 57–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12488
CR  - Sumbas, A. (2018, 11 29). Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitlik Politikası Olarak Ebeveyn İzni. Hacettepe Fakülte Dergisi, 167–194. doi:10.32957/hacettepehdf.480992
CR  - Sahin, H. (2013). Küreselleşme sürecinde işçilerin direnme ve hayatta kalma stratejileri. Ekin Yayınevi Bursa, 2013. Isbn: 978-605-5187-56-9 erişim tarihi: 23.01.2025 erişim adresi: https://www.academia.edu/30042545/K%C3%9CRESELLE%C5%9EME_S%C3%9CREC%C4%B0NDE_%C4%B0%C5%9E%C3%87%C4%B0LER%C4%B0N_D%C4%B0RENME_VE_HAYATTA_KALMA_STRATEJ%C4%B0LER%C4%B0
CR  - Şenel, B. (2017). “Biz Büyük Bir Aileyiz”: Türkiye’de Devlet Söyleminde ‘Makbul’ Kadınlık ve Aile. Mülkiye Dergisi, 41(2), 31-70.
CR  - Taskula, J. L., Brandth, B., Duvander, A.-Z., Gislason, I., Eydal, G. B., ve Rostgaard, T. (2011). Parental leave, childcare and gender equality in Nordic countries. Kopenhag: Nordic Council of Ministers.
CR  - Tuncay, T. (2017). Sosyal Hizmet Müdahalesini Araştırmak: Uygulama Kanıtlarla Nasıl Güçlendirilebilir?. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 27(2), 115-129.
CR  - Tüik, İşgücü İstatistikleri, Ekim 2024. http://www.Tuik.Gov.Tr.
CR  - Watson, T. (2008). Sociology, work and industry. London: Routledge.
CR  - Webb, J. M., Giles, A. R., ve Darroch, F. E. (2023). Absent and Problematic: The Representation of Fathers in the Program Policies of Organizations that Provide Family-Centred Services in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Journal of child and family studies, 32(6), 1643–1654. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02385-z
CR  - Westerling, A. (2023). Individualization and contemporary fatherhood. JFR - Journal of Family Research, 35, 357-371. https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-823
CR  - Wheelock, J. (1990). Husbands at home: The domestic economy in a post-industrial society. London: Routledge. Erişim: 23 Aralık 2024, https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=envelr=veid=ItAVEQAAQBAJveoi=fndvepg=PT10veots=kuFTLoTNGuvesig=jtUJFVoU1-GlwAqtp1dA_g9JTXQveredir_esc=y#v=onepageveqvef=false
CR  - Williamson, T., Wagstaff, D. L., Goodwin, J., ve Smith, N. (2023). Mothering Ideology: A Qualitative Exploration of Mothers' Perceptions of Navigating Motherhood Pressures and Partner Relationships. Sex roles, 88(1-2), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-022-01345-7
CR  - World Bank. (2023). Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS
UR  - https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.1625204
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4544388
ER  -