TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multifunctional Utilization of Marble Wastes in One-Part and Two-Part Geopolymer Production Methods: Applications as Filler and Fine Aggregate
TT  - Mermer Atıklarının One-Part ve Two-Part Geopolimer Üretim Yöntemlerinde Çok Fonksiyonlu Kullanımı: Dolgu ve İnce Agrega Olarak Uygulamalar
AU  - Bodur, Burak
AU  - İşik, Muhammet Ahmet Mecit
AU  - Kaplan, Gökhan
AU  - Bayraktar, Oğuzhan Yavuz
PY  - 2025
DA  - June
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.55385/kastamonujes.1628523
JF  - Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences
JO  - KUJES
PB  - Kastamonu Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2667-8209
SP  - 12
EP  - 20
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
LA  - en
AB  - This study compares the one-part and two-part geopolymer production methods, both of which utilise marble powder as a filler material. Marble powder, when used as a filler, is a promising strategy that can significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of construction materials and reduce carbon emissions. The study produced different geopolymer mixtures by replacing ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) with marble powder at 0% and 30% levels and using sodium metasilicate as an activator. These mixtures' mechanical properties, workability, bulk density, water absorption, and compressive strength were evaluated, with a specific focus on the role of marble powder as a filler material. The results indicate that the addition of marble powder decreases the viscosity of the geopolymer mixtures, with the one-part method exhibiting increased fluidity. However, it was observed that adding marble powder reduced compressive strength. In contrast, the mixtures produced by the two-part method, while more costly, provided materials with a high degree of reliability in their resistance to elevated temperatures and mechanical loads, demonstrating higher durability and thermal stability. The one-part method, with its increased fluidity, offers a practical and easily applicable solution, while the two-part method, despite its higher cost, provides materials with superior resistance to elevated temperatures and mechanical loads. However, both methods offer the unique advantage of significantly reducing carbon emissions when marble powder is used. These findings suggest that marble powder can be used in the production of sustainable construction materials, and the two different production methods offer distinct advantages.
KW  - Carbon emissions
KW  - Environmental sustainability
KW  - Marble powder
KW  - Geopolymer production methods
N2  - Bu çalışma, mermer tozunun dolgu malzemesi olarak kullanıldığı tek bileşenli ve iki bileşenli geopolimer üretim yöntemlerini karşılaştırmaktadır. Dolgu olarak kullanılan mermer tozu, inşaat malzemelerinin çevresel sürdürülebilirliğini önemli ölçüde artırabilecek ve karbon emisyonlarını azaltabilecek umut verici bir stratejidir. Çalışmada, granüle yüksek fırın cürufu (GBFS), %0 ve %30 oranlarında mermer tozu ile ikame edilerek farklı geopolimer karışımları üretilmiş ve sodyum metasilikat aktivatör olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu karışımların mekanik özellikleri, işlenebilirlikleri, hacim yoğunlukları, su emme kapasiteleri ve basınç dayanımları değerlendirilmiş; özellikle mermer tozunun dolgu malzemesi olarak oynadığı role odaklanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, mermer tozu ilavesinin geopolimer karışımlarının viskozitesini azalttığını ve tek bileşenli yöntemde artan akışkanlık sağladığını göstermektedir. Ancak, mermer tozu ilavesinin basınç dayanımını azalttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Buna karşın, daha maliyetli olan iki bileşenli yöntemle üretilen karışımlar, yüksek sıcaklıklar ve mekanik yükler karşısında daha yüksek dayanıklılık ve termal kararlılık sergileyerek malzemelere yüksek bir güven seviyesi sağlamaktadır. Tek bileşenli yöntem, artan akışkanlığı sayesinde pratik ve kolay uygulanabilir bir çözüm sunarken, iki bileşenli yöntem ise yüksek maliyetine rağmen üstün mekanik dayanım ve yüksek sıcaklıklara karşı direnç sunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, her iki yöntem de mermer tozu kullanıldığında karbon emisyonlarının önemli ölçüde azaltılması gibi benzersiz bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bu bulgular, mermer tozunun sürdürülebilir inşaat malzemelerinin üretiminde kullanılabileceğini ve iki farklı üretim yönteminin kendine özgü avantajlar sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
CR  - Efe, M., Öz, A., Bayrak, B., Kaplan, G., & Aydın, A.C. (2024). Effect of Na2SiO3/NaOH rate and natural zeolite content on basalt fiber reinforced eco-efficient slag-based geopolymer mortar synthesis. Archives of  Civil Mechanical Engineering, 24, 215.
CR  - Bayrak, B., İpek, S., Alcan, H.G., Kaplan, G., Aydın, A.C., & Güneyisi, E. (2024). Engineering and microstructural properties of environmentally friendly alkali-activated composites containing clinker aggregate: heat-curing regime and elevated-temperature effect. Archives of  Civil Mechanical Engineering, 24, 200.
CR  - Danish, A., Çelebi, O., Bayrak, B., Kaplan, G., Aydın, A.C., & Ozbakkaloglu, T. (2024). Performance assessment of quaternary-blended geopolymers under different curing temperatures. Journal of Building Engineering, 95, 110115.
CR  - Ahıskalı, A., Ahıskalı, M., Bayraktar, O.Y., Kaplan, G., & Assaad, J. (2024). Mechanical and durability properties of polymer fiber reinforced one-part foam geopolymer concrete: A sustainable strategy for the recycling of waste steel slag aggregate and fly ash. Construction Building Material, 440, 137492.
CR  - Bodur, B., Bayraktar, O.Y., Benli, A., Kaplan, G., Tobbala, D.E., & Tayeh, B. (2023). Effect of using wastewater from the ready-mixed concrete plant on the performance of one-part alkali-activated GBFS/FA composites: Fresh, mechanical and durability properties. Journal of Building Engineering, 76, 107167.
CR  - Lezzerini,M., Luti, L., Aquino, A., Gallello, G., & Pagnotta, S. (2022). Effect of marble waste powder as a binder replacement on the mechanical resistance of cement mortars. Applied Science, 12(9), 4481.
CR  - Bayraktar, O.Y., Benli, A., Bodur, B., Öz, A., & Kaplan, G. (2024). Performance assessment and cost analysis of slag/metakaolin based rubberized semi-lightweight geopolymers with perlite aggregate: Sustainable reuse of waste tires. Construction Building Material, 411, 134655.
CR  - Bayrak, B., Benli, A., Alcan, H.G., Çelebi, O., Kaplan, G., & Aydın, A.C. (2023). Recycling of waste marble powder and waste colemanite in ternary-blended green geopolymer composites: mechanical, durability and microstructural properties. Journal of Building Engineering, 73, 106661.
CR  - Bayraktar, O.Y., Kaplan, G., Gencel, O., Benli, A., Sutcu, M. (2021). Physico-mechanical, durability and thermal properties of basalt fiber reinforced foamed concrete containing waste marble powder and slag. Construction Building Material, 288, 123128.
CR  - Zeyad, A.M., Bayraktar, O.Y., Tayeh, B.A., Öz, A., Özkan, İ.G.M., & Kaplan, G. (2024). Impact of rice husk ash on physico-mechanical, durability and microstructural features of rubberized lightweight geopolymer composite. Construction Building Material, 427, 136265.
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CR  - Zhao, J., Xie, J., Wu, J., Zhao, C., & Zhang, B. (2023). Workability, compressive strength, and microstructures of one-part rubberized geopolymer mortar. Journal of Building Engineering, 68, 106088.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1628523
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4558988
ER  -