TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rhedogical Studies of Bio-Nanocomposites
TT  - Biyo-Nanokompozitlerin Redogik Çalışmaları
AU  - Altuner, Elif Esra
AU  - Şen, Fatih
PY  - 2025
DA  - August
Y2  - 2025
JF  - Journal of Kocaeli Health and Technology University
JO  - JoKohTU
PB  - Kocaeli Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2980-1591
SP  - 14
EP  - 32
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - The rheological studies of nanocomposites obtained from biopolymers, addressed herein, have been explained with the support of various studies. Various colloids, carbon nanotubes, multi-walled nanotubes, micellar solutions, and granular flows obtained from bio nanocomposite materials are explained in the literature in this chapter. It has been reported that colloids shift towards mixed proportional regimes and volumetric interactions are more effective. Organic elephants have an independent angular velocity and their complex state behaved like a solid. Epoxy forms of carbon nanotubes are emphasized. When trisodium phosphate, titanium dioxide, and nanoparticles are combined with organic fillers, a structure that gives more hardness is formed. In the characterizations made on multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the structure of these materials was examined and the rhedogical behavior was tried to be expanded. In the structure of granular flows, some images were weak in resonance images, while different results were obtained in others. In the future, the expansion of these studies will further illuminate the academic studies of the rheology of nanomaterials
KW  - Rhedogical studies
KW  - nanocomposites
KW  - bio-nanocomposites
N2  - Burada ele alınan biyopolimerlerden elde edilen nanokompozitlerin reolojik çalışmaları çeşitli çalışmalarla desteklenerek açıklanmıştır. Bu bölümde literatürde biyo nanokompozit malzemelerden elde edilen çeşitli kolloidler, karbon nanotüpler, çok duvarlı nanotüpler, misel çözeltileri ve granüler akışlar açıklanmıştır. Kolloidlerin karışık oransal rejimlere doğru kaydığı ve hacimsel etkileşimlerin daha etkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Organik filler bağımsız açısal hıza sahiptir ve kompleks halleri katı gibi davranmıştır. Karbon nanotüplerin epoksi formları vurgulanmıştır. Trisodyum fosfat, titanyum dioksit ve nanopartiküller organik dolgularla birleştirildiğinde daha fazla sertlik veren bir yapı oluşmaktadır. Çok duvarlı karbon nanotüpler üzerinde yapılan karakterizasyonlarda bu malzemelerin yapısı incelenmiş ve redogik davranış genişletilmeye çalışılmıştır. Granüler akışların yapısında rezonans görüntülerinde bazı görüntüler zayıf iken bazılarında farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Gelecekte, bu çalışmaların genişletilmesi nanomalzemelerin reolojisinin akademik çalışmalarını daha da aydınlatacaktır.
CR  - 1. Arfat, Y. A., Ahmed, J., Hiremath, N., Auras, R., & Joseph, A. (2017). Thermo-mechanical, rheological, structural and antimicrobial properties of bionanocomposite films based on fish skin gelatin and silver-copper nanoparticles. Food Hydrocolloids, 62, 191–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.08.009
CR  - 2. Arfat, Y. A., Benjakul, S., Prodpran, T., & Osako, K. (2014). Development and characterisation of blend films based on fish protein isolate and fish skin gelatin. Food Hydrocolloids, 39, 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.12.028
CR  - 3. Embuscado, M. E., & Huber, K. C. (2009). Edible Films and Coatings for Food Applications. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92824-1
CR  - 4. Park, H. J., & Chinnan, M. S. (1995). Gas and water vapor barrier properties of edible films from protein and cellulosic materials. Journal of Food Engineering, 25(4), 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/0260-8774(94)00029-9
CR  - 5. Jorge, M. F. C., Caicedo Flaker, C. H., Nassar, S. F., Moraes, I. C. F., Bittante, A. M. Q. B., & Do Amaral Sobral, P. J. (2014). Viscoelastic and rheological properties of nanocomposite-forming solutions based on gelatin and montmorillonite. Journal of Food Engineering, 120(1), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.07.007
CR  - 6. Lagarón, J. M., Cabedo, L., Cava, D., Feijoo, J. L., Gavara, R., & Gimenez, E. (2005). Improving packaged food quality and safety. Part 2: Nanocomposites. Food Additives and Contaminants, 22(10), 994–998. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030500239656
CR  - 7. Mu, C., Li, X., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H., Wang, L., & Li, D. (2013). Freezing/thawing effects on the exfoliation of montmorillonite in gelatin-based bionanocomposite. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 128(5), 3141–3148. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.38511
CR  - 8. Alboofetileh, M., Rezaei, M., Hosseini, H., & Abdollahi, M. (2013). Effect of montmorillonite clay and biopolymer concentration on the physical and mechanical properties of alginate nanocomposite films. Journal of Food Engineering, 117(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.01.042
CR  - 9. Rhim, J. W. (2012). Physical-mechanical properties of agar/κ-carrageenan blend film and derived clay nanocomposite film. Journal of Food Science, 77(12), N66–N73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02988.x
CR  - 10. Thomazine, M., Carvalho, R. A., & Sobral, P. J. A. (2005). Physical properties of gelatin films plasticized by blends of glycerol and sorbitol. Journal of Food Science, 70(3), E172–E176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07132.x
CR  - 11. Nur Tatli, H., Beniz Gunduz, S., Sahin, M., Esra Altuner, E., & Ali Dar, U. (2024). Fluorimetric methods for determination of aluminum in water resources utilizing newly synthesized N,N'-bis(2,5-dihydroxybenzylidene)-4,4′-diamino diphenyl ether. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 321, 124726. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SAA.2024.124726
CR  - 12. Uzumer, T. Y., Cete, S., Tekeli, Y., & Altuner, E. E. (2024). Development of an amperometric biosensor that can determine the amount of glucose in the blood using the glucose oxidase enzyme: Preparation of polyaniline–polypyrrole–poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) film. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1002/BAB.2640
CR  - 13. Chauhan, G., Verma, A., Hazarika, A., & Ojha, K. (2017). Rheological, structural and morphological studies of Gum Tragacanth and its inorganic SiO2 nanocomposite for fracturing fluid application. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 80, 978–988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2017.08.039
CR  - 14. Zhao, S.-Y., Jie-Nian(鄢捷年, Y., Shu, Y., & Zhang, H.-X. (2008). Rheological properties of oil-based drilling fluids at high temperature and high pressure. Journal of Central South University of Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771−008−399−7
CR  - 15. Kuan, H. C., Ma, C. C. M., Chang, W. P., Yuen, S. M., Wu, H. H., & Lee, T. M. (2005). Synthesis, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of multiwall carbon nanotube/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite. Composites Science and Technology, 65(11–12), 1703–1710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.02.017
CR  - 16. Thostenson, E. T., Ren, Z., & Chou, T. W. (2001). Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites: A review. Composites Science and Technology, 61(13), 1899–1912. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00094-X
CR  - 17. Haggenmueller, R., Gommans, H. H., Rinzler, A. G., Fischer, J. E., & Winey, K. I. (2000). Aligned single-wall carbon nanotubes in composites by melt processing methods. Chemical Physics Letters, 330(3–4), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(00)01013-7
CR  - 18. Gommans, H. H., Alldredge, J. W., Tashiro, H., Park, J., Magnuson, J., & Rinzler, A. G. (2000). Fibers of aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes: Polarized Raman spectroscopy. Journal of Applied Physics, 88(5), 2509–2514. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1287128
CR  - 19. Twardow, T. E. (Ed.). (n.d.). Nanocomposites past and future. In Introduction to Nanocomposite Materials: Properties, Processing and Characterization.
CR  - 20. Sen, B., Demirkan, B., Şavk, A., Karahan Gülbay, S., & Şen, F. (2018). Trimetallic PdRuNi nanocomposites decorated on graphene oxide: A superior catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(38), 17984–17992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.07.122
CR  - 21. Ayrancı, R., Demirkan, B., Sen, B., Şavk, A., Ak, M., & Şen, F. (2019). Use of the monodisperse Pt/Ni@rGO nanocomposite synthesized by ultrasonic hydroxide assisted reduction method in electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose detection. Materials Science and Engineering: C. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.040
CR  - 22. Yildiz, Y., et al. (2017). Highly monodisperse Pt/Rh nanoparticles confined in the graphene oxide for highly efficient and reusable sorbents for methylene blue removal from aqueous solutions. ChemistrySelect, 2(2), 697–701. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201601608
CR  - 23. Khare, A., & Deshmukh, S. (2006). Studies toward producing eco-friendly plastics. Journal of Plastic Film and Sheeting, 22(3), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756087906067324
CR  - 24. Ruiz-Hitzky, E., Darder, M., & Aranda, P. (2009). Progress in bionanocomposite materials. In Functional Polymer Composites with Nanoclays (pp. 149–189). https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814280525_0003
CR  - 25. European Bioplastics e.V. (2008). European Bioplastics. Retrieved May 15, 2021, from https://www.european-bioplastics.org/?id=182
CR  - 26. Ruiz-Hitzky, E., Darder, M., & Aranda, P. (2005). Functional biopolymer nanocomposites based on layered solids. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 15(35–36), 3650–3662. https://doi.org/10.1039/b505640n
CR  - 27. Darder, M., Aranda, P., & Ruiz-Hitzky, E. (2007). Bionanocomposites: A new concept of ecological, bioinspired, and functional hybrid materials. Advanced Materials, 19(10), 1309–1319. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200602328
CR  - 28. Hippel, P. H. V. (1965). The macromolecular chemistry of gelatin. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 87(8), 1824. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01086a059
CR  - 29. Orta, M. del M., Martín, J., Santos, J. L., Aparicio, I., Medina-Carrasco, S., & Alonso, E. (2020). Biopolymer-clay nanocomposites as novel and ecofriendly adsorbents for environmental remediation. Applied Clay Science, 105838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2020.105838
CR  - 30. Ruan, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., & Xia, X. (2004). Structure and properties of regenerated cellulose/tourmaline nanocrystal composite films. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 42(3), 367–373. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10664
CR  - 31. Dursun, S., Erkan, N., & Yeşiltaş, M. (2010). Doğal biyopolimer bazlı (biyobozunur) nanokompozit filmler ve su ürünleri uygulamaları. Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 4(1), 50–77. https://doi.org/10.3153/jfscom.201006
CR  - 32. Li, Q., Zhou, J., & Zhang, L. (2009). Structure and properties of the nanocomposite films of chitosan reinforced with cellulose whiskers. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 47(11), 1069–1077. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21711
CR  - 33. Rhim, J. W., & Ng, P. K. W. (2007). Natural biopolymer-based nanocomposite films for packaging applications. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 47(4), 411–433. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390600846366
CR  - 34. Rinaudo, M. (2006). Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications. Progress in Polymer Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.06.001
CR  - 35. Adlim, M., Abu Bakar, M., Liew, K. Y., & Ismail, J. (2004). Synthesis of chitosan-stabilized platinum and palladium nanoparticles and their hydrogenation activity. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 212(1–2), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2003.08.012
CR  - 36. Torres-Giner, S., Ocio, M. J., & Lagaron, J. M. (2008). Development of active antimicrobial fiber-based chitosan polysaccharide nanostructures using electrospinning. Engineering in Life Sciences, 8(3), 303–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200700066
CR  - 37. Akbari, Z., Ghomashchi, T., & Moghadam, S. (2007). Improvement in food packaging industry with biobased nanocomposites. Berkeley Electronic Press. https://doi.org/10.2202/1556-3758.1120
CR  - 38. Hsissou, R., Bekhta, A., Dagdag, O., El Bachiri, A., Rafik, M., & Elharfi, A. (2020). Rheological properties of composite polymers and hybrid nanocomposites. Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04187
CR  - 39. Mondragón, M., Arroyo, K., & Romero-García, J. (2008). Biocomposites of thermoplastic starch with surfactant. Carbohydrate Polymers, 74(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.02.004
CR  - 40. Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M. K., Ansari, R., & Darvizeh, A. (2017). Micromechanical modeling of thermal expansion coefficients for unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced polyimide composites containing silica nanoparticles. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 96, 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.02.015
CR  - 41. Haghgoo, M., Ansari, R., Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M. K., & Nankali, M. (2019). Analytical formulation for electrical conductivity and percolation threshold of epoxy multiscale nanocomposites reinforced with chopped carbon fibers and wavy carbon nanotubes considering tunneling resistivity. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 126, 105616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105616
CR  - 42. Bekhta, A., Hsissou, R., El Bouchiti, M., & El Harfi, A. (2016). Synthesis, structural, viscosimetric, and rheological study of a new trifunctional phosphorus epoxy prepolymer, tri-glycidyl ether tri-mercaptoethanol of phosphore (TGETMEP). Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry, 6(1), 665–673. https://doi.org/10.13171/mjc61/01610151105/bekhta
CR  - 43. Hsissou, R., Dagdag, O., Berradi, M., El Bouchti, M., Assouag, M., & Elharfi, A. (2019). Development rheological and anti-corrosion property of epoxy polymer and its composite. Heliyon, 5(11), e02789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02789
CR  - 44. Lim, H. T., Ahn, K. H., Hong, J. S., & Hyun, K. (2013). Nonlinear viscoelasticity of polymer nanocomposites under large amplitude oscillatory shear flow. Journal of Rheology, 57(3), 767–789. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4795748
CR  - 45. Zhao, Y., Haward, S. J., & Shen, A. Q. (2015). Rheological characterizations of wormlike micellar solutions containing cationic surfactant and anionic hydrotropic salt. Journal of Rheology, 59(5), 1229–1259. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4928454
CR  - 46. Haghgoo, M., Ansari, R., & Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M. K. (2019). Prediction of electrical conductivity of carbon fiber-carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer hybrid composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 167, 728–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.03.046
CR  - 47. Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M. K., Mahmoodi, M. J., Jamali, J., & Ansari, R. (2019). A new micromechanical method for the analysis of thermal conductivities of unidirectional fiber/CNT-reinforced polymer hybrid nanocomposites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 175, 107137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107137
CR  - 48. Gaudino, D., Pasquino, R., & Grizzuti, N. (2015). Adding salt to a surfactant solution: Linear rheological response of the resulting morphologies. Journal of Rheology, 59(6), 1363–1375. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4931114
CR  - 49. Varga, Z., & Swan, J. W. (2015). Linear viscoelasticity of attractive colloidal dispersions. Journal of Rheology, 59(5), 1271–1298. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4928951
CR  - 50. de Cagny, H., Fall, A., Denn, M. M., & Bonn, D. (2015). Local rheology of suspensions and dry granular materials. Journal of Rheology, 59(4), 957–969. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4919970
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jokohtu/issue//1652063
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4664500
ER  -