TY - JOUR T1 - Avrupa Parlamentosu’ndaki Sağ Fraksiyonların Dönüşümü TT - The Transformation of the Right-Wing Fractions in the European Parliament AU - Ünal, Alara Selin PY - 2025 DA - July Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.14782/marmarasbd.1679642 JF - Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi PB - Marmara Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 2147-6926 SP - 69 EP - 86 VL - 13 IS - Özel Sayı LA - tr AB - Bu çalışma, Avrupa Parlamentosu’ndaki sağ fraksiyonların Soğuk Savaş, neoliberalizm ve post-neoliberalizm dönemlerindeki ideolojik dönüşümünü karşılaştırmalı tarihsel sosyoloji perspektifinden analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, bu dönüşümleri analiz ederek Avrupa Parlamentosu içindeki sağ partilerin ideolojik değişimleri ve siyasi stratejileri, Avrupa Birliği politika yapımı üzerindeki etkileri ve başlıca küresel ve bölgesel zorluklara verdikleri yanıtlar hakkında kapsamlı bir çerçeve sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Özellikle merkez sağ ve aşırı sağ partilerin söz konusu üç tarihsel dönemde nasıl konumlandığı, hangi faktörler tarafından etkilendiği ve ne tür dönüşümler geçirdiği incelenmektedir. Çalışma, sağ ideolojinin Avrupa bütünleşmesi, ekonomik politikalar ve göç konularında nasıl farklı eğilimler geliştirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, sağ fraksiyonların Soğuk Savaş, neoliberalizm ve post-neoliberalizm dönemlerinde AP’nin dönüşümüne nasıl etki ettiği sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. KW - Avrupa Parlamentosu KW - Sağ Partiler KW - Aşırı Sağ KW - Hristiyan Demokratlar KW - Avrupa Siyaseti N2 - This study analyzes the ideological transformation of the right-wing factions in the European Parliament during the Cold War, neoliberalism and post-neoliberalism periods from the perspective of comparative historical sociology. By analyzing this transformation, the study aims to offer a comprehensive framework of the ideological shifts and political strategies of the right-wing groups in the European Parliament, their influence on the European Union’s policymaking and their responses to major global and regional challenges. In particular, it examines what positions center-right and far-right parties have adopted, which factors have influenced them and what kind of transformations they have undergone in the three historical periods. The study reveals how right-wing ideology has developed different tendencies on European integration, economic policies and migration. Furthermore, the study seeks to answer the question of how right-wing factions influenced the transformation of the European Parliament from the Cold War through neoliberalism to post-neoliberalism periods. CR - Accetti, C. I. (2020) The European Union as a Christian Democracy: A Heuristic Approach. Journal of European Public Policy, 1329-1348. CR - Akşemsettinoğlu, G. (2020) Avrupa Parlamentosu Seçimlerinde 40 Yıl: 1979-2019. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 21(1), 163-185. CR - Avrupa Parlamentosu (n.d.) https://www.ab.gov.tr/avrupa-parlamentosu_45628.html (Erişim Tarihi: 12.02.2025). CR - Avrupa Parlamentosu (2015) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/about-parliament/en/parliaments-powers/national-parliaments. (Erişim Tarihi: 20.02.2025). CR - Avrupa Parlamentosu (2025) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/ etudes/STUD/2025/773579/IUST_STU(2025)773579_EN.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 25.06.2025). CR - Berend, I. T. (2016) An Economic History of Twentieth Century Europe: Economic Regimes from Laissez-Faire to Globalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. CR - Betz, H. G. (1994) Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe. New York: Macmillan. CR - Blyth, M. (2013) Austerity: The History of a Dangerous Idea. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Briggs, A. & Clavin, P. (2003) European History: 1789 to the Present. London: Routledge. CR - Citizens Information (2024) European Elections. https://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/government-in-ireland/elections-and-referenda/types-of-elections-and-referendums/european-elections. (Erişim Tarihi: 21.02.2025). CR - Conradt, D. P. (2009) The German Polity. Lanham: Rowman, Littlefield. CR - Crouch, C. (2011) The Strange Non-Death of Neoliberalism. Cambridge: Polity Press. CR - Davies, P. (1999) The National Front in France: Ideology, Discourse and Power. London: Routledge. CR - Dinan, D. (2014) Origins and Evolution of the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Dyson, K. & Featherstone, K. (1999) The Road to Maastricht: Negotiating Economic and Monetary Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Eatwell, R. (2003) Fascism: A History. London: Pimlico. CR - Europarl Fact Sheets. (2024) The European Parliament: Electoral Procedures. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/21/the-european-parliament-electoral-procedures. (Erişim Tarihi: 14.10.2024). CR - Ferrera, M. (2019) The European Social Model under Pressure. West European Politics 42(2), 278-300. CR - Gamble, A. (1988) The Free Economy and The Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism. London: Palgrave Macmillan. CR - Gehler, M., Kosicki, P. H., & Wohnout, H., der. (2019) Christian Democracy and the Fall of Communism. Leuven: Leuven University Press. CR - Gellner, E. (1994) Conditions of Liberty: Civil Society and Its Rivals. New York: Penguin Books. CR - Ginsborg, P. (2003) A History of Contemporary Italy: Society and Politics, 1943-1988. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. CR - Golder, M. (2016) Far Right Parties in Europe. Annual Review of Political Science 19(1), 477-497. CR - Hall, P. A. (2017) Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Harvey, D. (2005) A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Hix, S. & Høyland, B. (2011) The Political System of the European Union. London: Palgrave Macmillan. CR - Hobolt, S. B. & Tilley, J. (2016) Blaming Europe? Responsibility without Accountability in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - House of Commons Library. (2019) How do European Parliamentary Elections Work? https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/how-do-european-parliamentary-elections-work. (Erişim Tarihi: 21.03.2025). CR - Ignazi, P. (2003) Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Inglehart, R. & Norris, P. (2017) Trump, Brexit, and the Rise of Populism. Perspectives on Politics 15(2), 443-454. CR - Jabko, N. (2006) Playing the Market: A Political Strategy for Uniting Europe 1985–2005. Ithaka, New York: Cornell University Press. CR - Jessop, B. (2016) The State, Past, Present, Future. Cambridge: Polity Press. CR - Judt, T. (2005) Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945. New York: Penguin Books. CR - Kalyvas, S. N. (1996) The Rise of Christian Democracy in Europe. Ithaka, New York: Cornell University Press. CR - Kershaw, I. (2015) To Hell and Back: Europe 1914-1949. London: Allen Lane. CR - Kesselman, M. (1966) French Local Politics: A Statistical Examination of Grass Roots Consensus. American Political Science Review 60(4), 963–973. CR - Ladrech, R. (2010) Europeanization and National Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. CR - Majone, G. (1996) Regulating Europe. London: Routledge. CR - Mazzucato, M. (2021) Mission Economy: A Moonshot Guide to Changing Capitalism. London: Allen Lane. CR - Mudde, C. (2007) Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. CR - Mudde, C. (2019) The Far Right Today. Cambridge: Polity Press. CR - Pasquino, G. (2000) Political History of Italy: The Second Republic and Beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Pease, N. (2013) Iron Curtain: The Crushing of Eastern Europe, 1944–1956. The Polish Review 58(4), 105–108. CR - Perez, C. (2016) Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital: The Dynamics of Bubbles and Golden Ages. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. CR - Piketty, T. (2019) Capital and Ideology. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. CR - Rydgren, J. (2007) The Sociology of the Radical Right. Annual Review of Sociology, 241-262. CR - Rydgren, J. (2018) The Radical Right. Oxford: Oxford University Press eBooks. CR - Schmidt, V. A. (2002) The Futures of European Capitalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Schmidt, V. A. (2006) Democracy in Europe: The EU and National Polities. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Schmidt, V. A. (2016) The Eurozone Crisis, Neo-Liberal Ideas, and Economic Policy Debates in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. CR - Schmidt, V. A. (2020) Europe’s Crisis of Legitimacy: Governing by Rules and Ruling by Numbers in The Eurozone. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Streeck, W. (2014) Buying Time: The Delayed Crisis of Democratic Capitalism. London: Verso. CR - Taggart, P. & Szczerbiak, A. (2018) Opposing Europe? The Comparative Party Politics of Euroscepticism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CR - Tokatlı, S. G. (2022) Avrupa’da Yükselen Aşırı Sağ ve Değişen Küresel Dinamikler. EURO Politika (16), 34-42. CR - Tooze, A. (2018) Crashed: How a Decade of Financial Crises Changed the World. New York: Viking. CR - Tooze, A. (2021) Shutdown: How COVID Shook the World’s Economy. New York: Viking. CR - Wodak, R. (2015) The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean. New York: Sage. CR - Yavaş, G. (2007) İkinci Dünya Savaşı Sonrası İtalya’nın Dış Politikası (1948-1990): Atlantikçilik ve Avrupalılık. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1-20. UR - https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.1679642 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4788490 ER -