TY  - JOUR
T1  - Java Card Tabanlı Platform Bağımsız Mobil İmzalama Sistemi
TT  - Java Card-Based Platform-Independent Mobile Signing System
AU  - Özcan, Ahmet Remzi
AU  - Yıldız, Ömer
PY  - 2025
DA  - October
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.46387/bjesr.1697905
JF  - Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi
JO  - BJESR
PB  - Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2687-4415
SP  - 158
EP  - 172
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
LA  - tr
AB  - Günümüzde dijital varlıkların korunması ve güvenli işlemlerin gerçekleştirilmesi, donanımsal güvenliğe sahip, esnek ve taşınabilir çözümlereduyulan ihtiyacı artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Java Card üzerinde çalışan ve mobil cihazlarla NFC aracılığıyla etkileşim kuran güvenli bir dijital imzalamasistemi sunulmaktadır. Sistem, NDEF mesajlarını ayrıştıran bir kontrol bileşeni ve kriptografik işlemleri donanım üzerinde yürüten kripto işlemci bileşeni olmak üzere iki katmanlı bir mimariye sahiptir. NDEF tabanlı iletişim altyapısı, sürücü gerektirmeden çalışmaya olanak tanımakta ve platformlar arası taşınabilirliği desteklemektedir. React Native ile geliştirilen istemci uygulaması sayesinde sistemin Android ve iOS ortamlarında sorunsuz çalıştığıdoğrulanmıştır. Sunulan mimari, açık standartlara dayalı, donanımsal güvenlik özellikleriyle uyumlu dijital imzalama senaryoları için uygulanabilir birreferans çözüm niteliği taşımaktadır.
KW  - Java Card
KW  - Dijital İmza
KW  - NFC Tabanlı İletişim
KW  - Güvenli Donanım Birimi
KW  - Platformlar Arası Güvenlik
N2  - Secure digital signature mechanisms that combine hardware-level protection with mobile accessibility are essential for modern applications requiring the protection of sensitive assets. This paper presents a Java Card-based signing architecture that enables driverless and platform-independent communication with mobile devices via NFC. The system follows a layered design consisting of a control component that parses NDEF messages and a cryptographic processor component that executes core ECC-based operations on secure hardware. Cross-platform functionality is ensured through a React Native client application, with verified support on both Android and iOS devices. Relying on open standards communication protocols, the proposed architecture serves as a practical reference for mobile-compatible, secure digital signing solutions with strong portability and usability characteristics.
CR  - Ledger SAS, “Ledger Nano X Security Target,” ANSSI, Security Target, 2023. Available: https://cyber.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/document_type/ANSSI-cible-CSPN-2023_17en.pdf
CR  - C. Christen and M. Lafon, “Why Secure Elements Make a Crucial Difference to Hardware Wallet Security,” Ledger Donjon, Tech. Rep., 2025.
CR  - Oracle Corporation, “Java Card Platform Security – Technical White Paper,” Oracle Corporation, 2001. Available: https://www.oracle.com/a/otn/docs/java/javacardsecuritywhitepaper-149957.pdf
CR  - H. Rezaeighaleh, “Improving Security of Crypto Wallets in Blockchain Technologies,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 2020.
CR  - S. Suratkar, M. Shirole, and S. Bhirud, “Cryptocurrency Wallet: A Review,” in Proc. 2020 4th Int. Conf. Computer, Communication and Signal Processing (ICCCSP), Chennai, India, 2020, pp. 1–7.
CR  - H. Rezaeighaleh and C. C. Zou, “New Secure Approach to Backup Cryptocurrency Wallets,” in Proc. 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conf. (GLOBECOM), Waikoloa, HI, USA, 2019, pp. 1–6.
CR  - D. Bamert, C. Decker, R. Wattenhofer, and S. Welten, “BlueWallet: The Secure Bitcoin Wallet,” in Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Secure Systems, 2020.
CR  - M. Popchev, I. Mirchev, and T. Stoyanova, “Towards Blockchain Wallets Classification and Implementation,” in Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Science and Education in Computer Science (CSECS), 2023.
CR  - S. Houy, P. Schmid, and A. Bartel, “Security aspects of cryptocurrency wallets—A systematic literature review,” ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 1–31, 2023.
CR  - I. Homoliak and M. Perešíni, “SoK: Cryptocurrency Wallets–A Security Review and Classification Based on Authentication Factors,” in Proc. 2024 IEEE Int. Conf. Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), Dubai, UAE, 2024, pp. 1–8.
CR  - M. Elo and J. Nikander, “Decentralized Authorization with ECDSA on a Java Smart Card,” Helsinki Univ. of Technology, Telecommunications Software and Multimedia Laboratory, Tech. Rep. TML-C5, 2000.
CR  - N. Sejfuli-Ramadani, F. Idrizi, V. Angelkoska, and A. Risteski, “A comparative analysis of offline wallets and their integration with NFC for practical offline payments,” J. Nat. Sci. Math. UT, vol. 9, no. 17–18, pp. 354–360, 2024.
CR  - N. Lehto, K. Halunen, O.-M. Latvala, A. Karinsalo, and J. Salonen, “CryptoVault–A Secure Hardware Wallet for Decentralized Key Management,” in Proc. 2021 IEEE Int. Conf. Omni-Layer Intelligent Systems (COINS), Barcelona, Spain, 2021, pp. 1–4.
CR  - P. Urien, “Crypto Terminal: A New Open Device for Securing Blockchain Wallets,” in Proc. 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), Toronto, Canada, 2020, pp. 1–3.
CR  - H. Rezaeighaleh and C. C. Zou, “Deterministic Sub-Wallet for Cryptocurrencies,” in Proc. 2019 IEEE Int. Conf. Blockchain (Blockchain), Atlanta, GA, USA, 2019, pp. 419–424.
CR  - N. Duif, Smart card implementation of a digital signature scheme for Twisted Edwards curves, M.S. thesis, Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 2011.
CR  - A. Tanrıkulu, H. Yüce, and E. Ölçer, “Blokzincir Tabanlı Donanımsal Cüzdan ve Akıllı Kartlar,” Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Uluslararası  Mühendislik Teknolojileri ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 37–48, 2021.
CR  - R. V. Fritsche, L. M. Palma, and J. E. Martina, “Recommendations for Implementing a Bitcoin Wallet Using Smart Card,” Tech. Rep., Dept. of Informatics and Statistics, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil, 2020.
CR  - NFC Forum, “NFC Forum Type 4 Tag Operation Specification,” NFC Forum, Inc., Technical Specification, 2021. Available: https://nfc-forum.org/build/specifications/type-4-tag-specification
CR  - NFC Forum, “NFC Data Exchange Format (NDEF) Technical Specification,” NFC Forum, Inc., Technical Specification, 2020. Available: https://nfc-forum.org/build/specifications/data-exchange-format-ndef-technical-specification/
CR  - D. J. Bernstein, N. Duif, T. Lange, P. Schwabe, and B.-Y. Yang, “High-Speed High-Security Signatures,” J. Cryptographic Eng., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 77–89, 2012.
CR  - Oracle Corporation, “Java Card 3 Platform: Version 3.0.5 Classic Edition – Specification,” Oracle Corporation, Technical Specification, 2019. Available: https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javacard/3.0.5/index.html
CR  - NXP Semiconductors, “P71D321 Secure Element for eID and Mobile ID,” NXP Semiconductors, Fact Sheet, 2022. Available: https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/fact-sheet/P71D321.pdf
CR  - NXP Semiconductors, “JCOP 4 Secure Identification Platform,” NXP Semiconductors, Tech. Rep., 2020. Available: https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/brochure/JCOP4SECIDAPPA4.pdf
UR  - https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1697905
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4863732
ER  -