@article{article_1708929, title={Investigation of Anger Expression Styles in Patients with Schizophrenia and Their Clinical and Demographic Predictors}, journal={Turkish Journal of Science and Health}, volume={6}, pages={142–149}, year={2025}, DOI={10.51972/tfsd.1708929}, author={Kelleci, Meral and Türe, Ertan}, keywords={şizofreni;, öfke, öfke ifade tarzı, negatif semptomlar, pozitif semptomlar}, abstract={Objective: This descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to examine the anger expression styles of inpatients with schizophrenia and the factors influencing these styles. Specifically, it investigated the associations between anger expression styles and demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, marital status), clinical characteristics (e.g., illness duration, medication adherence), and symptom severity (positive and negative symptoms). Methods: The study sample consisted of 70 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia for at least six months according to DSM-5 criteria and receiving treatment in a university hospital psychiatric ward. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Personal Information Form, the Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Clinical information was cross-validated with medical records. The reliability of the scales was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H) were used for data analysis. Results: The mean score for trait anger was 25.88±5.36; the delusions subscale score was 14.45±11.35; and the anhedonia/asociality subscale score was 14.62±5.22. Significant differences were observed: anger-in was associated with gender and illness duration, while anger-out was associated with employment status and family structure. Trait anger and anger-out were significantly related to a history of violent behavior. Patients with more prominent positive symptoms had lower anger control levels. Those with a history of violence and poor medication adherence were more likely to express their anger outwardly. A positive, low-level significant correlation was found between positive formal thought disorder and anger-out (r = 0.286; p = 0.016), while a negative correlation was found between hallucination severity and anger control (r = –0.276; p = 0.021). Discussion: Patients with predominant positive symptoms demonstrated lower anger control. The tendency to express anger outwardly was more common among patients with a history of violence and poor medication adherence. This may be explained by cognitive distortions, impaired impulse control, and environmental stressors. The relationships between anger expression styles and symptom dimensions provide important implications for understanding psychopathology and designing individualized interventions. Conclusion: Anger expression styles in patients with schizophrenia are closely associated with individual, social, and clinical factors. Integrating structured anger management programs, psychosocial support, and interventions to improve medication adherence into treatment plans is recommended. Psychiatric nurses should be actively involved in providing training to enhance patients’ anger regulation and stress management skills, which can help reduce the risk of relapse and improve treatment engagement.}, number={3}, publisher={Ümit Muhammet KOÇYİĞİT}