TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the role of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in the diagnosis of celiac disease TT - Çölyak hastalığının tanısında inflamatuvar ve nütrisyonel biyobelirteçlerin rolünün değerlendirilmesi AU - Mercantepe, Filiz AU - Çiftel, Enver AU - Atlı, Hasan AU - Dayanan, Ramazan AU - Genç, Selin PY - 2025 DA - July Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.38053/acmj.1732459 JF - Anatolian Current Medical Journal JO - Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj PB - MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık WT - DergiPark SN - 2718-0115 SP - 506 EP - 512 VL - 7 IS - 4 LA - en AB - Aims: Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy with multisystem involvement that is often underdiagnosed due to variable clinical manifestations. Identifying reliable, accessible, and noninvasive biomarkers is essential for timely diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic utility of inflammation and nutrition-related indices and scores calculated from routine laboratory tests in predicting CeD. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 79 biopsy-confirmed celiac patients and 60 healthy controls. Demographic, hematological, and biochemical data were collected. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), triglycerideglucose index (TyG), hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score, and other inflammation-related indices were calculated via validated formulas. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of CeD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic performance. Results: Compared with controls, patients with CeD had significantly greater PLRs and lower TyG indices and HALP scores (p KW - Celiac disease KW - PLR KW - TyG index KW - HALP score KW - biomarkers KW - inflammation KW - nutrition N2 - Arka Plan: Çölyak hastalığı (ÇH), çoklu sistemleri etkileyen ve klinik belirtilerin değişkenliği nedeniyle sıklıkla tanı konulamayan, immün aracılı bir enteropatidir. Güvenilir, erişilebilir ve invaziv olmayan biyobelirteçlerin tanımlanması, özellikle kaynakların kısıtlı olduğu ortamlarda zamanında tanı koymak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, rutin laboratuvar testlerinden hesaplanan inflamasyon ve beslenme ile ilişkili indeks ve skorların çölyak hastalığını öngörmedeki tanısal değerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya biyopsi ile doğrulanmış 79 çölyak hastası ve 60 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiştir. Demografik, hematolojik ve biyokimyasal veriler toplanmıştır. Trombosit-lenfosit oranı (PLR), trigliserid-glukoz indeksi (TyG), hemoglobin, albümin, lenfosit ve trombosit (HALP) skoru ile diğer inflamasyonla ilişkili indeksler doğrulanmış formüllerle hesaplanmıştır. ÇH için bağımsız prediktörleri belirlemek amacıyla lojistik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Tanısal performansı değerlendirmek için ROC (alıcı işletim karakteristikleri) eğrileri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında, çölyak hastalarında PLR anlamlı derecede yüksek, TyG indeksi ve HALP skoru ise anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (tümünde p CR - Bakhtiari S, Asri N, Jahdkaran M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Jahani-Sherafat S, Rostami-Nejad M. The connection between fatty acids and inflammation in celiac disease; a deep exploring. Tissue Barriers. 2025;13(1):2342619. doi:10.1080/21688370.2024.2342619 CR - Buriánek F, Gege C, Marinković P. New developments in celiac disease treatments. Drug Discov Today. 2024;29(9):104113. doi:10.1016/j.drudis. 2024.104113 CR - Kurppa K, Mulder CJ, Stordal K, Kaukinen K. Celiac disease affects 1% of global population: who will manage all these patients? Gastroenterology. 2024;167(1):148-158. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2023.12.026 CR - Kivelä L, Lindfors K, Lundin KEA, Størdal K. Review article: faecal biomarkers for assessing small intestinal damage in coeliac disease and environmental enteropathy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024;60(8):988-1004. doi:10.1111/apt.18234 CR - Gatti S, Rubio-Tapia A, Makharia G, Catassi C. Patient and community health global burden in a world with more celiac disease. Gastroenterology. 2024;167(1):23-33. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.035 CR - Kowalski MK, Domżał-Magrowska D, Małecka-Wojciesko E. Celiac disease—narrative review on progress in celiac disease. Foods. 2025; 14(6):959. doi:10.3390/foods14060959 CR - Cheng FW, Handu D. Nutrition assessment, interventions, and monitoring for patients with celiac disease: an evidence analysis center scoping review. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020;120(8):1381-1406. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.09.019 CR - Volta U, Rostami K, Auricchio R, Lundin KEA. Diagnosis of seronegative and ultrashort celiac disease. Gastroenterology. 2024;167(1):104-115. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.029 CR - Lebwohl B, Rubio-Tapia A. Epidemiology, presentation, and diagnosis of celiac disease. Gastroenterology. 2021;160(1):63-75. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.06.098 CR - Fernández-Macías JC, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Varela-Silva JA, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Atherogenic index of plasma: novel predictive biomarker for cardiovascular illnesses. Arch Med Res. 2019;50(5):285-294. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.08.009 CR - Korkmaz ŞA, Kızgın S. Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), monocyte/HDL and platelet/HDL ratios are increased in acute mania as markers of inflammation, even after controlling for confounding factors. Curr Med Res Opin. 2023;39(10):1383-1390. doi:10. 1080/03007995.2023.2260302 CR - Al-Nimer MSM, Mohammad TAM. Correlation of hematological indices and ratios derived from them with FIQR scores in fibromyalgia. Pakistan J Med Sci. 2018;34(5):1219-1224. doi:10.12669/pjms.345.15169 CR - Ciftel S, Ciftel S, Klisic A, Mercantepe F. New approaches based on inflammatory indexes in the evaluation of the neoplastic potential of colon polyps. Life. 2024;14(10):1-15. doi:10.3390/life14101259 CR - Arefhosseini S, Aghajani T, Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. Association of systemic inflammatory indices with anthropometric measures, metabolic factors, and liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):1-10. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-63381-5 CR - Samavarchitehrani A, Mercantepe F, Behnoush AH, Klisic A. Exploring the TyG index and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as insulin resistance markers: implications for fibromyalgia management and understanding—a narrative review. Diagnostics. 2025; 15(4):494. doi:10.3390/diagnostics15040494 CR - Ballestero-Fernández C, Varela-Moreiras G, Úbeda N, Alonso-Aperte E. Nutritional status in Spanish adults with celiac disease following a long-term gluten-free diet is similar to non-celiac. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1626. doi:10.3390/nu13051626 CR - Bakhtiari S, Ahmadi B, Asri N, et al. Unraveling the serum protein landscape in celiac disease: current evidence and future directions. Immunity, Inflamm Dis . 2025;13(5):1-13. doi:10.1002/iid3.70169 CR - Sutton KA, He M, Ma C, et al. Noninvasive markers of inflammation and protein loss augment diagnosis of pediatric celiac disease. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2024;15(5):1-6. doi:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000695 CR - Silvester JA, Elli L, Khosla C, Tye-Din JA. Past, present, and future of noninvasive tests to assess gluten exposure, celiac disease activity, and end-organ damage. Gastroenterology. 2024;167(1):159-171. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.053 CR - Radkhah H, Zooravar D, Shateri-Amiri B, Saffar H, Najjari K HM. Predictive value of complete blood count (CBC)-derived indices-C-reactive-protein-albumin-lymphocyte index (CALLY), glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet (HALP), and controlling nu. Obes Surg. 2025;35(2):544-555. doi:10.1007/s11695-024-07643-1 CR - Gürbüzer N, Güler MC, Tör IH. Methamphetamine use disorder and inflammation: a case-control study. Psychiatry Investig. 2024;21(5):513-520. doi:10.30773/pi.2023.0199 CR - Gürbüzer N, Ozkaya AL. Inflammatory burden index (IBI) and hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score in Alzheimer’s disease: a retrospective comparative study. Cureus. 2024; 16(9):e69148. doi:10.7759/cureus.69148 CR - George D MP. SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference. 17.0 Update. 10th ed. Boston: Pearson; 2010. CR - Cardo A, Churruca I, Lasa A, et al. Nutritional imbalances in adult celiac patients following a gluten-free diet. Nutrients. 2021;13(8):1-18. doi:10.3390/nu13082877 CR - Chen Y, Zhang Z, Fang Q, Jian H. Prognostic impact of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int. 2019;19(1):1-10. doi:10.1186/s12935-019-0962-3 CR - Khamisy-Farah R, Fund E, Raibman-Spector S, Adawi M. Inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Isr Med Assoc J. 2021;23(12):801-804. CR - Rajaram Jayakrishnan AK, Easwar S V, Thattil J, et al. Studying the relation between fibromyalgia severity and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume. Cureus. 2022;14(5):6-10. doi:10.7759/cureus.24847 CR - Abadie V, Han AS, Jabri B, Sollid LM. New insights on genes, gluten, and immunopathogenesis of celiac disease. Gastroenterology. 2024;167(1):4-22. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2024.03.042 CR - Hoteit M, Chamas Z, Assaf S, et al. Nutritional status, nutrient imbalances, food-related behaviors and dietary supplements use among patients with celiac disease in Lebanon: a national cross-sectional study. F1000Research. 2022;11:725. doi:10.12688/f1000research.121859.1 CR - Singh P, Arora A, Strand TA, et al. Global prevalence of celiac disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018; 16(6):823-836.e2. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2017.06.037 UR - https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1732459 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/5013280 ER -