@article{article_1752100, title={The Technical Design of Subject-Specific Reference Publications}, journal={Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi}, volume={12}, pages={72–81}, year={2025}, DOI={10.5281/zenodo.17322954}, author={Balayeva, Ellada}, keywords={Konuya Özel Referans Yayınları, Teknik Tasarım, Dijital Bilgi Sistemleri, Meta Veri Standartları, Uluslararası Deneyim, Bilimsel Bilgi Hizmeti}, abstract={Subject-specific reference publications create effective opportunities for users to access information by systematically collecting, organizing, and presenting literature, articles, and other information sources related to a particular field within the scientific and information space. The technical design of these publications—that is, their layout, structure, formatting, and digital presentation—directly impacts the quality of scientific information services. In the modern era, the rapid development of information technologies has necessitated the transition of subject-specific reference publications from traditional formats to digital platforms. In this process, the application of international standards, the development of metadata formats, and the creation of user-oriented technical solutions play a significant role. At the same time, the experience of various regions, especially Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, Europe, America, Asia, and Central Asia, is valued as an important resource in the development of this field. This article provides a scientific analysis of the theoretical foundations of the technical design of subject-specific reference publications, contemporary standards, the experiences of different countries, and the development prospects of Azerbaijan in this area. The goal is to assess the current situation and propose concrete recommendations to improve the technical design of subject-specific reference publications.}, number={4}, publisher={Hakan YILMAZ}