TY - JOUR T1 - Ratlarda Kadmiyum’un Sebep Olduğu Akciğer Toksisitesi Üzerine Berberin’in Koruyucu Rolü AU - Karaboduk, Hatice AU - Tütüncü, Kübra PY - 2025 DA - November Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.63716/guffd.1762655 JF - Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Dergisi JO - GÜFFD PB - Gazi Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 2757-5543 SP - 265 EP - 274 VL - 6 IS - 2 LA - tr AB - Kadmiyum (Cd), birçok endüstriyel alanda kullanımıyla çevrede yaygın olarak bulunan oldukça toksik ağır metallerden birisidir ve hem insan hem de hayvan sağlığı açısından ciddi bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Berberin (BBR), antikanser antioksidan ve antiinflamatuar etkileri bulunan, bitkisel kaynaklı doğal bir antioksidandır. Bu çalışmada kadmiyum klorürün (CdCl2) ratların akciğer dokusunda yarattığı toksik etkiye karşı berberinin koruyucu rolü araştırılmıştır. Ratlar her grupta rastgele altı birey olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol grubu, BBR grubu (30 mg/kg v.a.), CdCl2 grubu (1,76 mg/kg v.a.) ve BBR+CdCl2 grubu. 28 günlük uygulama sonrasında, kontrol grubuna göre CdCl2 uygulanan ratların akciğer dokularında Cd birikiminde ve MDA seviyelerinde anlamlı bir artış, SOD, CAT, GST ve GPx antioksidan enzim aktivitelerinde ise anlamlı bir azalma gözlenmiştir (p KW - Kadmiyum klorür KW - Berberin KW - Akciğer KW - Oksidatif stres KW - Histopatoloji CR - Fu, Z. and Xi, S. (2020). The effects of heavy metals on human metabolism. Toxicology mechanisms and methods, 30(3), 167-176. CR - El-Ebiary, A.A., El-Ghaiesh, S., Hantash, E., and Alomar, S. (2016). Mitigation of cadmium-induced lung injury by Nigella sativa oil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 25356-25363. CR - Ahmed, E.H., Grawish, M.E., Anees, M.M., Elhindawy, M.M., Abdulrahman, M., and Helal, M.E. (2023). Impact of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the submandibular gland structure of adult male albino rats exposed to cadmium chloride toxicity. Archives of Oral Biology, 145, 105585. CR - Anjum, S., Ali, H., Naseer, F., Abduh, M.S., Qadir, H., Kakar, S.,Waheed, Y., and Ahmad, T. (2024). Antioxidant activity of Carica papaya & Persea americana fruits against cadmium induced neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity in rats with a computational approach. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 81, 127324. CR - Ijaz, M.U., Shahzadi, S., Hamza, A., Azmat, R., Anwar, H., Afsar, T., Shafique, H., Bhat, M.A., Naglah, A.M., . Al-Omar, M.A., and Razak, S. (2023). Alleviative effects of pinostrobin against cadmium-induced renal toxicity in rats by reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1175008. CR - Genchi, G., Sinicropi, M.S., Lauria, G., Carocci, A., and Catalano, A. (2020). The effects of cadmium toxicity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3782. CR - Unsal, V., Dalkıran, T., Çiçek, M., and Kölükçü, E. (2020). The role of natural antioxidants against reactive oxygen species produced by cadmium toxicity: a review. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 10(2), 184. CR - Tuncer, S.Ç., Küçükler, S., Gür, C., Aygörmez, S., and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). Effects of chrysin in cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in the rat; role of multi-pathway regulation. Molecular Biology Reports, 50(10), 8305-8318. CR - Zeng, T., Liang, Y., Chen, J., Cao, G., Yang, Z., Zhao, X., Tian, J., Xin, X., Lei, B., and Cai, Z. (2021). Urinary metabolic characterization with nephrotoxicity for residents under cadmium exposure. Environment International, 154, 106646. CR - Forcella, M., Lau, P., Fabbri, M., Fusi, P., Oldani, M., Melchioretto, P., Gribaldo, M. and Urani, C. (2022). Is cadmium toxicity tissue-specific? Toxicogenomics studies reveal common and specific pathways in pulmonary, hepatic, and neuronal cell models. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1768. CR - Lee, N.W., Wang, H.Y., Du, C.L., Yuan, T.H., Chen, C.Y., Yu, C.J., and Chan, C.C. (2022). Air-polluted environmental heavy metal exposure increase lung cancer incidence and mortality: A population-based longitudinal cohort study. Science of The Total Environment, 810, 152186. CR - Gekpe, C.G., Adie, P.U., Chukwu John, A.O., and Ofem, O.E. (2023). Quercetin and Omega-3 fatty acid averts the deleterious effects of cadmium on NO, NOS, anti-oxidants and MDA levels in rats, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 13(12), 155-165. CR - Almeer, R.S., AlBasher, G.I., Alarifi, S., Alkahtani, S., Ali, D., and Abdel Moneim, A.E. (2019). Royal jelly attenuates cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in male mice. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 5825. CR - Khaledifar, A., Khosravi, M.R., and Raeisi, E. (2023). Berberine efficacy against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, 12(2), 187-193. CR - Imenshahidi, M. and Hosseinzadeh, H. (2019). Berberine and barberry (Berberis vulgaris): a clinical review. Phytotherapy Research, 33(3), 504-523. CR - Abdel-Kawi, S.H., Mohamed, D.H., Lotfy, M., and Mogahed, O.E. (2023). Possible Hepatoprotective Role of Berberine versus Silymarin on Methotrexate Toxicity: Histological and Biochemical Study. Egyptian Journal of Histology, 46(1), 435-447. CR - AFDOAQ (Association of Food and Drug Officials of the United States) (1951). Association of Food and Drug. Officials of the United States, Quarterly Bulletin, 15, 122–125. CR - Siddiqui, M.F. (2010). Cadmium induced renal toxicity in male rats, Rattus rattus. Eastern Journal of Medicine, 15, 93-96. CR - Ayhan, H., Adiguzel, C., Bayram, K.K., Akin, A.T., Apaydin, F.G., and Kalender, Y. (2025). Effect of propolis supplementation on cadmium toxicity associated with renal and hepatic dysfunction in rats. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 87, 127587. CR - Kadir, A., Singh, J., Rahi, V., and Kumar, P. (2022). Berberine ameliorate haloperidol and 3-Nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurochemical Research, 47(11), 3285-3297. CR - Acar, O., Sankazan, R., and Yalçınkaya, Ö. (2023). Determinations of Cadmium, Tin, Copper, Iron and Zinc in Food Samples by Electrothermal and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometries. Gazi University Journal of Science, 36(1), 96-106. CR - Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N. and Yagi, K. (1979). Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry, 95(2), 351-358. CR - Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry,. 19, 265. CR - Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. (1974). Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry, 47(3), 469-474. CR - Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology, 105, 121-126. CR - Paglia, D.E. and Valentine, W.N. (1987). Studies on the quantative and qualitative characterization of glutathione peroxidase. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 70, 158-165. CR - Habig, W.H., Pabst, M.J. and Jakoby, W.B. (1974). Glutathione S-transferases: the first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 249(22), 7130-7139. CR - Uzunhisarcikli, M., Apaydin, F.G., Bas, H., and Kalender, Y. (2021). Hepatoprotective effects of quercetin and curcumin against fipronil-induced hepatic injury in rats. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30 (7A), 9309-9321. CR - Adıgüzel, Ç., and Kalender, Y. (2015). Lead nitrate induced toxic effects on small intestine tissues in diabetic and non-diabetic rats: Role of sodium selenite. Gazi University Journal of Science, 28(4), 541-544. CR - Kumar, A., Siddiqi, N.J., Alrashood, S.T., Khan, H.A., Dubey, A., and Sharma, B. (2021). Protective effect of eugenol on hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by cadmium in male rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 139, 111588. CR - Ding, L., Wang, K., Huang, R., Yu, W., Yan, B., Jiang, M., and Wang, J. (2023). Effects of naringenin on cadmium-induced changes in blood physiological and biochemical indices and kidney damage among rats. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 55(2). CR - Chen, X.X., Xu, Y.M., and Lau, A.T. (2022). Metabolic effects of long-term cadmium exposure: an overview. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(60), 89874-89888. CR - Noor, K.K., Ijaz, M.U., Ehsan, N., Tahir, A., Yeni, D.K., Zihad, S.N.K., Uddin, S.J., Ashraf, A., and Simal-Gandara, J. (2022). Hepatoprotective role of vitexin against cadmium-induced liver damage in male rats: A biochemical, inflammatory, apoptotic and histopathological investigation. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 150, 112934. CR - Şimşek, H., Akaras, N., Gür, C., Küçükler, S., and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). Beneficial effects of Chrysin on Cadmium‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Modulating the levels of Nrf2/HO‐1, RAGE/NLRP3, and Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathways. Gene, 875, 147502. CR - Albasher, G., Alkahtani, S., and Alarifi, S. (2020). Berberine mitigates oxidative damage associated with testicular impairment following mercury chloride intoxication. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 44(9), e13385. CR - Phogat, A., Singh, J., and Malik, V. (2024). Pharmacological effects of Berberine–A Chinese medicine, against xenobiotics toxicity. Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine, 13, 100507. CR - Abdel Moneim, A.E. (2015). The neuroprotective effect of berberine in mercury-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Metabolic brain disease, 30(4), 935-942. CR - Akaras, N., Ileriturk, M., Gur, C., Kucukler, S., Oz, M., and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). The protective effects of chrysin on cadmium-induced pulmonary toxicity; a multi-biomarker approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(38), 89479-89494. CR - Peana, M., Pelucelli, A., Chasapis, C.T., Perlepes, S.P., Bekiari, V., Medici, S., and Zoroddu, M.A. (2022). Biological effects of human exposure to environmental cadmium. Biomolecules, 13(1), 36. CR - Omprakash, O., Kumar, R., Singh, P., Devi, P., Malik, A., and Mahal, N. (2024). Quantitative distribution profile of cadmium and lead in different organs of rats and mitigation of their accumulation through probiotic treatment. Gut Microbes Reports, 1(1), 2313299. CR - Andjelkovic, M., Buha Djordjevic, A., Antonijevic, E., Antonijevic, B., Stanic, M., Kotur-Stevuljevic, J., Spasojevic-Kalimanovska, V., Jovanovic, M., Boricic, N., Wallace, D., and Bulat, Z. (2019). Toxic effect of acute cadmium and lead exposure in rat blood, liver, and kidney. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(2), 274. CR - Nna, V.U., Ujah, G.A., Mohamed, M., Etim, K.B., Igba, B.O., Augustine, E.R., and Osim, E.E. (2017). Cadmium chloride–induced testicular toxicity in male wistar rats; prophylactic effect of quercetin, and assessment of testicular recovery following cadmium chloride withdrawal. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 94, 109-123. CR - Das, S.C. and Al-Naemi, H.A. (2019) Cadmium Toxicity: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Tissue Injury. Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine, 7, 144-163. CR - Adiguzel, C., Karaboduk, H., Apaydin, F.G., Kalender, S., and Kalender, Y. (2023). Comparison of nickel oxide nano and microparticles toxicity in rat liver: molecular, biochemical, and histopathological study. Toxicology Research, 12(5), 741-750. CR - Chandimali, N., Bak, S.G., Park, E.H., Lim, H.J., Won, Y.S., Kim, E.K., Park, S.I., and Lee, S. J. (2025). Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: A review. Cell Death Discovery, 11(1), 19. CR - Uzun F. and Kalender Y. (2011). Protective effect of vitamins C and E on malathion-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Gazi University Journal of Science, 24(2), 193-201. CR - Adiguzel, C. and Karaboduk, H. (2024). Biochemical, immunohistochemical, histopathological, and apoptotic evaluation of nickel oxide nanoparticle-and microparticle-induced testicular toxicity in male rats. ACS Omega, 9(52), 50910-50921. CR - Karaboduk H., Adiguzel C., Apaydin F.G., Uzunhisarcikli M., Kalender S., and Kalender Y. (2024) The ameliorative effect of naringenin on fenamiphos induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in a rat model: oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopy study. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 192, 114911. CR - Apaydin, F.G., Kalender, S., Bas, H., Demir, F., and Kalender Y. (2015). Lead nitrate induced testicular toxicity in diabetic and non-diabetic rats: protective role of sodium selenite. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 58, 68-74. CR - Karaboduk, H. and Kalender, Y. (2021). The effects of lead nitrate and mercury chloride on rat liver tissue. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30(3), 2368-2379. CR - Karaboduk, H., Adiguzel, C., Uzunhisarcikli, M., Apaydin, F.G., and Kalender, Y. (2025). Melatonin mitigates abamectin‐induced subacute hematotoxicity and hepato‐renal toxicity in rats by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 39(10), e70512. CR - Kong, Z., Liu, C., and Olatunji, O.J. (2023). Asperuloside attenuates cadmium-induced toxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in rats. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 5698. CR - Omar, E.M., El-Sayed, N.S., Elnozahy, F.Y., Hassan, E., Amr, A., Augustyniak, M., El-Samad, L.M., and El Wakil, A. (2024). Reversal effects of royal jelly and propolis against cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Biological Trace Element Research, 202(4), 1612-1627. CR - Othman, M.S., Safwat, G., Aboulkhair, M., and Moneim, A.E.A. (2014). The potential effect of berberine in mercury-induced hepatorenal toxicity in albino rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 69, 175-181. CR - Mousa, H.R., and Ibrahim, M.H. (2023). Evaluation of the ameliorative effect of green tea versus berberine on methyl mercury toxicity of cerebellum in adult male albino rats, histological & immunohistochemical study. Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 21(2), 1-26. CR - Karaboduk, H., Adiguzel, C., Apaydin, F.G., Kalender, S., and Kalender, Y. (2024). Investigating the impact of different routes of nano and micro nickel oxide administration on rat kidney architecture, apoptosis markers, oxidative stress, and histopathology. Journal of Molecular Histology, 55(5), 675-686. CR - Kalender, S., Apaydin, F.G., and Kalender, Y. (2019). Testicular toxicity of orally administrated bisphenol A in rats and protective role of taurine and curcumin. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 32(3), 1043-1047. CR - Kalender S., Apaydin F.G., Baş H., and Kalender Y. (2015). Protective effects of sodium selenite on lead nitrate-induced hepatotoxicity in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 40(2), 568-574. CR - Adiguzel, C., Karaboduk, H., and Uzunhisarcikli, M. (2024). Protective role of melatonin against abamectin-induced biochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural alterations in the testicular tissues of rats. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 30(5), 962-977. CR - Adiguzel, C., Karaboduk, H., Apaydın, F.G., and Kalender, Y. (2025). Effects of quercetin on palladium chloride-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in hepatorenal tissues. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 31(4), ozaf077. CR - Basal, W.T., Issa, A.M., Abdelalem, O., and Omar, A.R. (2023). Salvia officinalis restores semen quality and testicular functionality in cadmium-intoxicated male rats. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 20808. CR - Gali, S., Sharma, S., Kundu, A., Lee, E., Han, J.H., Shin, J.K., Choi, J.S., Kyung, S.Y., Kim, J.S., and Kim, H.S. (2023). Protective effect of dendropanoxide against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity via anti-inflammatory activities in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 33(6), 437-451. CR - Yesildag, K., Gur, C., Ileriturk, M., and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). Evaluation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative DNA damage and metalloproteinases in the lungs of rats treated with cadmium and carvacrol. Molecular BiologyRreports, 49(2), 1201-1211. CR - El-Refaiy, A.I., and Eissa, F.I. (2013). Histopathology and cytotoxicity as biomarkers in treated rats with cadmium and some therapeutic agents. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 20(3), 265-280. CR - Naidoo, S.V.K., Bester, M.J., Arbi, S., Venter, C., Dhanraj, P., and Oberholzer, H.M. (2019). Oral exposure to cadmium and mercury alone and in combination causes damage to the lung tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 69, 86-94. CR - Shakeri, F., Kiani, S., Rahimi, G., and Boskabady, M.H. (2024). Anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of Berberis vulgaris and its constituent berberine, experimental and clinical, a review. Phytotherapy Research, 38(4), 1882-1902. UR - https://doi.org/10.63716/guffd.1762655 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/5143410 ER -