TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mildiyöye (Plasmopara viticola) Dayanıklı/Tolerant Üzüm Türleriyle İlgili Araştırmalar
TT  - Downy Mildew (Plasmopara viticola) Resistant/Tolerance Grape Variety Researches
AU  - Gülbasar Kandilli, Gülhan
AU  - Kunter, Birhan
AU  - Doyğacı, Yeşim
AU  - Atak, Arif
PY  - 2016
DA  - March
Y2  - 2016
JF  - Bahçe
PB  - Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1300-8943
SP  - 833
EP  - 838
VL  - 45
IS  - (Özel Sayı 1) 7. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi
LA  - tr
AB  - Bağcılık, Anadolu’da çok eski zamanlardan beri yapılan tarımsal bir faaliyettir. Ülkemiz asma gen merkezlerinden biridir. Geniş alanlarda yetiştiriciliği yapılan üzümün iç tüketim ve ihracatta önemli bir yeri bulunmaktadır. Üzümler sofralık, kurutmalık, şıralık-şaraplık olarak kullanım amaçlarına göre üretilirler. Ülkemizin hemen hemen her bölgesinde bağcılık yapılabilmesine karşın sofralık üzüm yetiştiriciliği Ege, Marmara ve Akdeniz Bölgelerimizde daha yaygındır. Mantari hastalıkların varlığı, üzüm yetiştiriciliğinde, üretim yapılacak ekolojiyi ve çeşit seçimini kısıtlar. Hastalıklarla mücadele girdi maliyetlerini arttırmakta ve çevre üzerinde olumsuz etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu nedenle son yıllarda hastalıklara dayanıklı çeşitlerin önemi giderek artmıştır. Bu hastalıkların başında Külleme (Uncinula necator) ve Mildiyö (Plasmopara viticola) hastalıkları gelmektedir. Mantari hastalıklar nedeniyle sofralık kalitesi yüksek çeşitlerin nemli bölgelerde üretimi ancak yoğun kimyasal ilaç kullanımıyla mümkün olmaktadır. Hastalıklara dayanıklı çeşitlerin seçimi ve üretiminin yaygınlaşması ekonomik tasarruf ve bağ tarımı için sürdürülebilirlik sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada mildiyö (Plasmopara viticola) hastalığıyla ilgili, üzüm çeşitlerinin dayanıklılık, tolerans ve hassasiyetlerinin belirlenmesi, hastalığın bitkinin gelişim evrelerindeki oluşumu, ırka özgü dayanıklılık, ekolojinin hastalık gelişimine etkisiyle ilgili son yıllarda yapılmış araştırmalara yer verilmiştir.
KW  - Ekoloji
KW  - mantari hastalık
KW  - dayanıklılık
N2  - Viticulture is an agricultural activity made since ancient times in Anatolia. Our country is one of grapevine genes center. Grape grown large areas holds an important place in domestic consumption and exports. Grapes are classified as table, raisin, juice-wine depend on the production purposes. Although it can be done in almost every region of our country viticulture, table grape growing is common mainly in Aegean, Marmara and Mediterranean regions. Fungal diseases can limit grape growing areas and also cultivars. The fight against diseases increases input costs and also have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, importance of disease resistant cultivars has increased in recent years. Powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) and Downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) are one of the most important diseases. Due to fungal diseases high quality table grapes only can grow with intensive spray applications. Selection of disease resistance cultivars and expansion of cultivation will cause economic savings and also sustainable viticulture. In this study, latest downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) disease researches mainly related with resistance grape varieties, the determination of tolerance and sensitivity, formation in plant development stage of the disease, race-specific resistance, effect of ecology for disease spread were analyzed.
CR  - Bellin, D., Peressotti, E., Merdinoglu, D., Wiedemann Merdinoglu, S., Adam-Blondon, A.F., Cipriani, G., Morgante, M., Testolin, R., Gaspero, G.D., 2009. Resistance to Plasmopara viticola in grapevine ‘Bianca’ is controlled by a major dominant gene causing localized necrosis at the infection site. Theoretical and App. Genetics 120:163-176.
CR  - Blasi, P., Blane, S., Wiedeman-Merdinoğlu, S., Prad, E., Ruhi, E.H., Mestre, P., Merdinoğlu, D., 2011. Construction of a reference linkage map of Vitis amurensis and genetic mapping of Rpv8 a locus conferring resistance to grapevine downy mildew. Theoretical and App. Genetics 123:43-53
CR  - Boso, S., Kassemeyer, H.H., 2008 Different susceptibility of European grapevine cultivars for downy mildew. Vitis 47(1):39-49.
CR  - Boubals, D., 1959. Contribution a letüde des causes de la resistance de Vitacees au mildiou de la vigne (Plasmopara viticola (B. et C.) Beri, et de T.) et de leur mode de transmission hereditaire. These Doct. Sci. Ann. Amelior. Plantes 11:1-236
CR  - Brown, M.V., Moore, J.N., Fenn, P., McNew, R.W., 1999. Evaluation of grape germplasm for downy mildew resistance. Fruit Var. J. 53:22-29.
CR  - Dai, G.H., Andary, C., Mondolot-Cosson, L., Boubals, D., 1995. Histochemical studies on the interaction between three species of grapevine, Vitis vinifera, V.rupestris and V.rotundifolia and the downy mildew fungus, Plasmopara viticola. Physiol. Mol. Plant. 46:177-188.
CR  - Diez-Navajas, A.M., Wiedemann-Merdinoglu, S., Greif, C., Merdinoglu, D., 2008. Nonhost versus host to grapevine downy mildew, Plasmopara viticola, studied at the tissue level. Phytopathology 98:776-780.
CR  - Dumas, V., Butterlin, G., Bouquet, A., Merdinoglu, D., 2006. Genetic analysis of resistance to downy mildew from Muscadinia rotundifolia. 9. Int. Conf. Grape Genet. Breed., Italy.
CR  - Fischer, M.B., Salakhutinov, I., Akkurt, M., Eibach, R., Edwards, K.J., Töpfer, R., Zyprian, E., 2004. Quantitative trait locus analysis of fungal disease resistance factors on a molecular map of grapevine. Theoretical and App. Genetics., 108:501-515.
CR  - Galet, P., 1977. Les maladies et les parasites de la vigne. tome i:les malaides dues a des vegetaux. Imp. Le Paysan du Midi., Montpellier.
CR  - Kortekamp, A., Zyprian, E., 2003 Characterization of Plasmopara viticola resistance in grapevine using in vitro plants. J. Plant. Physiol.,160:1393-1400.
CR  - Li, H., 1985. Etüde de la relation entre le mildiou de la vigne (Plasmopara viticola Beri, et de Toni) et 1’ Espece Vitis vinifera L. variabilite de l’agent pathogene et de la sensibilite de l’hote. These Doct., Univ. Bordoeaux.
CR  - Marguerit E., Boury, C., Manicki, A., Donnart, M., Butterlin, G., Nemorin, A., Wiedemann-Merdinoglu, S., Merdinoglu, D., Ollat, N., Decroocq, S., 2009. Genetic dissection of sex determinism, inflorescence morphology and downy mildew resistance in grapevine. Theor. and App. Genetics 118:1261-1278.
CR  - Merdinoğlu, D., Wiedeman-Merdinoğlu, S., Coste, P., Dumas, V., Haetty, S., Butterlin, G., Greif, C., 2003. Genetic analysis of downy mildew resistance derived from Muscadinia rotundifolia. ISHS Acta: 8. International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding. Horticulturae, 603:451-456.
CR  - Moreira F.M., Madini, A., Marino, R., Zulini, L., Stefanini, M., Velasco, R., Kozma, P., Grando, M.S., 2011. Genetic linkage maps of two interspecific grape crosses (Vitis spp.) used to localize quantitative trait loci for downy mildew resistance. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7:153-167.
CR  - Schwander, F., Eibach, R., Fechter, I., Hausmann, L., Zyprian, E., Töpfer, R., 2012. RpvlO: A new locus from the Asian Vitis gene pool for pyramiding downy mildew resistance loci in grapevine. Theor. App. Genetics,124:163-176.
CR  - Staudt, G., Kassemeyer, H.H., 1995. Evaluation of downy mildew resistance in various accessions of wild Vitis species, Vitis 34 (4):225-228.
CR  - Staudt, G., 1997. Evaluation of resistance to grapevine powdery mildew (Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr., anamorph Oidium tuckeri Berk.) in genotypes of Vitis species. Vitis 36:151-154.
CR  - Unger, S., Büche, C., Boso, S., Kassemeyer, H.H., 2007. The course of colonization of two different Vitis genotypes by Plasmopara viticola indicates compatible and incompatible host-pathogen-interactions. Phytopathology.
CR  - Wan, Y., Scwaninger, H., He, P., Wang, Y., 2007. Comparison of resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew in Chinese wild grapes. Vitis 46 (3):132-136.
CR  - Welter, L.J., Gokturk-Baydar, N., Akkurt, M., Maul, E., Eibach, R., Topfer, R., Zyprian, E.M., 2007. Genetic mapping and localization of quantitative trait loci affecting fungal disease resistance and leaf morphology in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L). Mol. Breed., 20:359-374.
CR  - Wiedemann-Merdinoglu, S., Prado, E., Coste, P., Dumas, V., Butterlin, G., Bouquet, A., Merdinoglu, D., 2006. Genetic analysis of resistance to downy mildew from Muscadinia rotundifolia. 9. Int. Conf. Grape Genet. Breed., Udine, Italy
CR  - Wiedemann-Merdinoglu, S., Prado, E., Schneider, C., Coste, P., Onimus, C., Dumas. V., Butterlin, V., Bouquet, A., Merdinoglu, D., 2006. Resistance to downy mildew derived from Muscadinia rotundifolia: genetic analysis and use of molecular markers for breeding. Proc. 5. Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew, 18-23 June. San Michele all Adige.
CR  - Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., Yin, L., Lu, J., 2012. The mode of host resistance to Plasmopara viticola infection of grapevines. Phytopathology 102:1094-1101.
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bahce/issue//1806583
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/5343100
ER  -