@article{article_192592, title={Development of Multidimensional Nil Hallux Valgus Scale: a reliability and validity study}, journal={Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica}, volume={50}, pages={269}, year={2016}, url={https://izlik.org/JA74DD86NZ}, author={Bek, Nilgün and Coşkun, Gürsoy and Kınıklı, Gizem and Karahan, Sevilay}, keywords={Deformities; Hallux Valgus; reliability; scales; validity.}, abstract={Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a disease-specific multidimensional hallux valgus <br />(HV) scale, as well as to establish the validity and reliability thereof. <br />Methods: The 14-item Multidimensional Nil Hallux Valgus Scale was developed. The scale has a <br />score range of 0–60, with higher score indicating increased HV symptoms, complaints, and functional <br />disorder. Among the patients referred to our clinic with HV diagnosis based on anterior-posterior <br />non-weight-bearing radiography of the affected foot, 129 feet of 66 patients (63 bilateral, 3 unilateral) <br />were included in the study. In clinical evaluations of these HV patients, American Orthopaedic <br />Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Interphalangeal Joints Scale (AOFAS-MTFIF), <br />Manchester Scale, and Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) were used to test the validity and <br />reliability of the new scale. <br />Results: From factor analyses, it was observed that the items clustered in 5 factors, which explained <br />73.2% of the variance. Floor and ceiling effects were observed to be within normal limits (floor effect: <br />3.1%; ceiling effect: 0.8%). The Cronbach’s alpha level related with the overall internal consistency of <br />the scale was estimated as 83.3%, and the Cronbach’s alpha for the subheadings of the scale varied <br />between 33.9% and 74.2%. High correlation was observed regarding test-retest reliability of the scale. <br />Conclusion: This newly developed scale allows for the holistic evaluation of HV including the condition- <br />specific parameters and is a valid and reliable scale that can be conveniently used by health care <br />professionals.}, number={3}