TY - JOUR TT - Assistance of Ottoman State to Muslims Andalusia (Moorish) Who Were Exiled to Europe (17th Century) AU - Bilgin, Feridun PY - 2013 DA - December JF - Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi JO - GAUN-JSS PB - Gaziantep Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1303-0094 SP - 837 EP - 852 VL - 12 IS - 4 KW - Osmanlı Devleti KW - İspanya Devleti KW - Sürgün KW - Fransa KW - Venedik KW - Moriskolar KW - Endülüs N2 - As the fifteenth century entered its last quarter Islamic al-Andalus was drowned in internal controversies whereas on the other hand the Christians brought about a powerful alliance between the kingdoms with the aim of concluding the military phase of the Reconquista, that is, the reconquest of Spain. After this alliance, which was established through the marriage of the King of Aragon and the Queen of Castile, the political and military presence of the Muslims in Spain reached an end with the occupation of Granada, the last capital of al-Andalus. Shortly after the occupation hundreds of thousands of Muslims were reduced to “pariah” status within their own country and were made to change their faith under pressure. The Muslims of al-Andalus who looked Christian from the outside and who did what was asked of Christians were called “Moriscos” and were always seen as “the other” and “the other civilisation” in official and religious circles. When these people who despite all efforts in that direction became in no way “good Catholics” and who made common cause with the enemies of Spain (the Ottomas, the French and the dynasties in North Africa) a decision was taken eventually, in April 1609, to send them into “collective exile” in order to sever them from their roots. Following this decision tens of thousands of Muslims began to emigrate via Europe to Muslim lands. Diplomatic initiatives that the Ottoman State initiated in order to ensure the proper running of the emigration, especially via France and Venice, bore fruit and saved from death tens of thousands of Muslims from al-Andalus CR - ARENAL, M. G. (1996), Los Moriscos, Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada. CR - BİLGİN, F. (2010). Nasrîler (Benî Ahmer) Devleti Sonrasında Endülüs’teki Müslümanlar (Moriskolar). (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Marmara Üniversitesi/Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul. CR - BAŞBAKANLIK OSMANLI ARŞİVİ (BOA), MD., No:78, Hüküm: 1124; No:14, Hüküm: 283; No: 81, Hüküm: 267; No:78, Hüküm: 441 CR - BRAUDEL, F. (1994). Akdeniz ve Akdeniz Dünyası. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay (Çev.). İstanbul: İmge Yayınları, C.II. CR - BREMOND Y MAYANS, A. S. DE (1998). Benilloba Morisca y Cristiana Historia de Una Evolucion Social. (Tesis Doctoral). Universitad Complutense, Facultad de Geografîa e Historia, Departamento de Historia Moderna, Madrid CR - İNÂN, M. A. (1987). Nihâyetü'l-Endelüs ve Târîhu'l-ʻArabi'l-Mutenassırîn. Kāhire: Mektebetü'l-Hâncî. CR - IRWİNG, W. (1850). A Cronicle of the Conquest of Granada. London: Printed by Harrison and son St. Martin’s Lane. CR - KETTÂNÎ, A. M. (1992). İnbiâsü'l-İslâm fi'l-Endelüs. İslamabad: Câmiatü'l- İslâmiyyeti'l-Âlemiyye. CR - KURAT, A. N. (1953). Türk-İngiliz münasebetlerinin başlangıcı ve gelişmesi: (1553-1610). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi. CR - LANE-POOLE, S. (1888). The Moors in Spain. London. CR - LEA, H. C. (2006), İspanya Müslümanları, Hıristiyanlaştırılmarı ve Sürülmeleri. Abdullah Davudoğlu (Çev.). İstanbul: İnkılap Yayınları. CR - LÉVİ-PROVENÇAL, (2008). Moors. Encyclopaedia of Islam. P. Bearman ,Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs (Ed.). Brill: VII, 235-236 CR - MAKKÂRÎ, M. A. (1988). Nefhu't-tîb min gusni’l-Endelüsi’r-ratîb ve zikru vezîrihâ Lisâni’d-dîn İbni’l-Hatîb = Urfü’t-tîb fi’t-taʻrîf bi’l-vezîr İbni’l-Hatîb. İhsan Abbas (Nşr.). Beyrut: Dâru Sâdır. CR - MENDOZA, D. H. (1830). Guerra de Granada. Benito Monfort (Hzl.). Valencia: Libreria de Mallén y Berard. CR - MUÑOZ y GAVİRİA, D. J. (1861). Historia del Alzamiento de Los Moriscos, su Expulsion de España. Madrid: Establecımıento Tıpografıcıo de Mellado. CR - MÜELLİF-İ MEÇHÛL (1991). Ahbârü’l-ʻasr fî İnkıdâi devleti Benî Nasr . Hüseyin Mü’nis (Nşr.). Kahire. CR - ÖZDEMİR, M. (2012). Endülüs Müslümanları – I (Siyasi Tarih). Ankara: Türkiye Diyânet Vakfı Yayınları. CR - PANELLA, R. J. (1975). Los Moriscos Espanoles Emigrados Al Norte de Africa Despues de La Expulsion. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi) Universidad de Barselona, Barselona. CR - PONS, L. F. (2008). Notas Sobre La Cohesión de La Comunida Morisca Más Allá de Su Expulsión de España. Al-Qantara, XXIX, 2, julio-diciembre, pp. 307- 332 CR - ----------------- (2009). El Exilio Morisco. Las Líneas Maestras Una Diáspora. Revista de Historia Moderna, Nº 27, pp. 277-294. CR - RUBİO y NÚÑEZ y BERMEJO, R. S., I. T., M. H. (2010). La Expulsión de Los Moriscos de Extremadura (1609-1614). Chronica Nova, Vol.36, pp. 197- 226. CR - SÁNCHEZ-BLANCO, R. B. (2011). La expulsión de los Moriscos. la Expulsión de los Moriscos y la Actividad de los Corsarios Norteafricanos içinde (s.11- 21). Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, Madrid. CR - ŞEYBAN, L. (2006). Mudejares ve Sefarades. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık. TEMĺMĺ, A. (1997). Risâle mine’s-Sultâni’lOsmânî Ahmed ev-Vel ilâ Doc el Bundukiyye havle’l-Moriskiyyîn. Mecelletü’t-Târîhi’l-Mağribî, Tunus, sayı: 7- 8, s.7-13 CR - -------------------- (1989). ed-Devletü’l-Osmaniyye ve kadiyyeti’l-Moriskiyyîn. Zağvan. CR - UZUNÇARŞILI, İ. H. (2006). Osmanlı Tarihi: İstanbul’un Fethinden Kanunî Sultân Süleyman’ın Ölümüne Kadar. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, C. III. CR - VILLALÓN, C. (1919). Viaje de Turquía. Enrique Suárez Figaredo(Hzl.). Madrid. CR - WİEGERS, G. (2010). Managing Disaster: Network of the Moriscos During The Process of The Expulsion from the İberian Peninsula Around 1609. Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures, Vol. 36, No. 2, 141-168. UR - http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jss/issue//256852 L1 - http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/223232 ER -