TY  - JOUR
TT  - AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF GRADUATE UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG GRADUATES FROM A SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY
AU  - Mncayi, P.
PY  - 2016
DA  - June
JF  - International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies
JO  - IJ-SSHS
PB  - Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Derneği
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1309-8063
SP  - 67
EP  - 83
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
KW  - Perceptions
KW  - graduates
KW  - graduate unemployment
KW  - South African university
N2  - In South Africa unemployment remains one of the most persistent and contentious  economic complexities. The situation is even more critical among young people,  undermining both social security and the country’s long-term economic growth  and development prospects. Although graduate unemployment specifically is not  worrying, the fact is that many of South Africa’s graduates still struggle to get a  job, even after graduation. This study aims to investigate the perceptions of  graduates on factors influencing graduate unemployment. Using data collected  from the alumni database of one of the universities in South Africa, the study  made use of descriptive analysis and cross tabulations to explore the perceptions  of the causes of graduate unemployment between employed and unemployed  graduates. A chi-square test was used to further determine whether there are  significant differences in the responses of employed and unemployed graduates.  The need to understand what graduates perceive to be the reasons for graduate  unemployment may clarify the exertion or absence thereof on their part in  attempting to address their circumstance. The researcher does, however, consider  the sample size as being insufficient to generalise the findings. Further research  must aim to study a more representative sample
CR  - ACU (The Association of Commonwealth Universities) (2015), Higher
CR  - Education: What Role can the Commonwealth Play? Background Paper for the Discussion at the 19th Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers, 22-26 June 2015.
CR  - Acquah, Adjoa (2009), “Tertiary Graduates: Earnings and Employment Prospects in the South African labour market”, Southern African Review of Education, Vol. , No. 2, pp.27-44.
CR  - ADB (African Development Bank) (2012), Youth employment in Africa: a background paper for the 2012 African Economic Outlook, African Development Bank, Côte d'Ivoire.
CR  - AEO (African Economic Outlook) (2012), Promoting youth unemployment, http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/fileadmin/uploads/PAGES
CR  - %20Pocket%20Edition%20AEO2012-EN.pdf [Accessed13.12.2015]
CR  - Altbeker, Antony and Storme, Evelien (2013), Graduate Unemployment in South
CR  - Africa: A Much Exaggerated Problem, Cape Town: Centre for Development and Enterprise Insight. Archer, Elizabeth and Chetty, Yuraisha (2013), “Graduate Employability:
CR  - Conceptualisation and Findings from the University of South Africa”, Progressio, Vol. 35, No.1, pp.136-167. Baldry, Kim (2013), Graduate Unemployment in South Africa: Prevalence,
CR  - Characteristics and Perceived causes, Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, (Dissertation-MA). Banerjee, Abhijit, Galianit, Sebastian, Levinsohn, Jim, Mclaren, Zoe and Woolard, Ingrid (2008), “Why has Unemployment Risen in the New South
CR  - Africa?”, Economics of Transition, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp.715-740. CHEC (Cape Higher Education Consortium) (2013), Pathways From University to Work: A Graduate Destination Survey of the 2010 Cohort of Graduates From the Western Cape Universities, CHEC: South Africa, Cape Town.
CR  - Dai, Kosi, Tsadidey, Simon, Ashiagbor, Isaac and Baku, Millicent (2008),
CR  - Graduate Unemployment in Ghana: Possible Case of Poor Response of University Programs to the Demands of the Job Market, http://www.rocare.org/ grants/2008/Graduate%20Unemployment%20in%20Ghana.pdf 07.2016] Accessed
CR  - Essien, B.S. and Onukwubiri, U.D (2015), “Graduate Unemployment in Nigeria:
CR  - An Appraisal of the Causes and Socio-Behavioral Effects among Graduate in Abia State”, International Journal of Advance Research, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp.1-25. Farooq, Shujaat (2011), Mismatches Between Education and Occupation: A Caste
CR  - Study of Pakistani Graduates, http://www.pide.org.pk/psde/pdf/AGM27 /Shujaat%20Farooq.pdf [Accessed 15.02.2016]
CR  - Festus, Lyle, Kasongo, Atoko, Moses, Marianaand Yu, Derek (2015), “The South
CR  - African Labour Market 1995-2013”, Economic Research Southern Africa
CR  - Working Paper 493, Cape Town: ERSA. Giuliano, Paola and Tsibouris, George (2001), “Unemployment Characteristics and Persistence in South Africa”, IMF, Washington. (Unpublished).
CR  - Griesel, Hanlie and Parker, Ben (2009), Graduate Attributes: A Baseline Study on
CR  - South African Graduates from the Perspective of Employers. http://www.saqa. org.za/docs/genpubs/2009/graduate_attributes.pdf [Accessed15.03.2016]
CR  - ILO (International Labour Organisation) (2015), “Global Employment Trends for Youth”, Geneva: ILO.
CR  - Jun, Kong and Fan, Jun (2011), “Factors Affecting Job Opportunities for
CR  - University Graduates in China: Evidence from University Graduates in Beijing”, Research in World Economy, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.24-37. Kingdon, Geeta and Knight, John (2007), “Unemployment in South Africa, 1995- : Causes, Problems and Policies”, Journal of African Economies, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp.813-848.
CR  - MacGregor, Karen (2007), “South Africa: joblessness amid skills shortage”,
CR  - University World News, 4 November. http://www.universityworldnews. com/article.php?story=20071101145653965 [Accessed 2.01.2016]
CR  - Manpower Group (2015), South Africa’s Annual Talent Shortage Survey, f-9bf6-f5f38a43c76a/2015_Talent_Shortage_Survey_US- lo_res.pdf?MOD=AJPERES [Accessed 27.10.2016]
CR  - Matsilele, Trust (2015), “South Africa is a Bomb Waiting to Explode”, CNBC
CR  - Africa, 24 Apr. http://www.cnbcafrica.com/news/southern-africa/2015/04/24/ moeletsi-mbeki-south-africa-unemployment/ [Accessed 4.05.2016]
CR  - Mlatsheni, Cecil (2014), “Youth Unemployment and the Transition from School to
CR  - Work in Cape Town”, Cape Town: University of Cape Town, (Thesis-PhD). Moleke, Percy (2006), “Finding Work: Employment Experiences of South
CR  - African Graduates”, Cape Town: HSRC Press. Moleke, Percy (2010), “The Graduate Labour Market”, (in: Letseka et al.-Ed., Student Retention and Graduate Destination: Higher Education and Labour Market Access and Success), Cape Town: HSRC Press, pp.1-20.
CR  - Munnell, Alicia, Haverstick, Kelly and Sanzenbacher, Geoffrey (2006), “Job
CR  - Tenure and Pension Coverage”, Center for Retirement Research Working Paper Chestnut Hill: Center for Retirement Research. Nel, Heather and Neale-Shutte, Marian (2013), “Examining the Evidence:
CR  - Graduate Employability at NMMU, South African Journal of Higher Education, Vol.27, No.2, pp437–453. Nguyen, Anh and Bradley, Steve (2004), “The School-To-Work Transition”,
CR  - (in:. Edward Elgar-Ed., International Handbook on the Economics of Education), Cheltenham, pp. 484-521. OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) (2008),
CR  - Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, Paris: OECD. Oluwajodu, Faith, Blaauw, Derick, Greyling, Lorraine and Kleynhans, Ewert (2015), “Graduate Unemployment in South Africa: Perspectives from the Banking
CR  - Sector”, SA Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol.13, No.1, pp.9. Pauw, Kalie, Oosthuizen, Morne and Van Der Westhuizen, Carlene (2008),
CR  - “Graduate Unemployment in the Face of Skills Shortage: A Labour Market Paradox”, South African Journal of Economics, Vol.6, No.1. Pham, Hiep (2013), “Graduate Unemployment and Over Education Rising”,
CR  - University World News, issue no 280, July, 13, http://www.universityworldnews. com/article.php?story=20130711163808113 [Accessed 1.03.2016]
CR  - Posel, Dorrit, Casale, Daniela and Vermaak, Claire (2014), “Job Search and the Measurement of Unemployment in South Africa”, South African Journal of Economics, Vol.82, No.1, pp. 66–80.
CR  - Sirat, Morshidi, Heng, Chan and Shuib,Munir et al. (2012), “Employability of
CR  - Graduates in Malaysia”, Bangkok, Thailand: Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education, UNESCO. Spaull, Nicholas (2013), “South Africa’s Education Crisis: The Quality of
CR  - Education in South Africa 1994-2011”, Johannesburg: Centre for Development & Enterprise.
CR  - Stats SA (Statistics South Africa) (2014), Employment, Unemployment, Skills and Economic Growth: An Exploration of Household Survey Evidence on Skills
CR  - Development and Unemployment between 1994 and 2014, Pretoria: Government Printer.
CR  - Stats SA (Statistics South Africa) (2015), Quarterly Labour Force Survey –
CR  - Quarter 2: 2015, Pretoria: Government Printer.
CR  - Stats SA (Statistics South Africa) (2015a), South Africa Labour Market: Youth Q1
CR  - – Q1 2015, Pretoria: Government Printer.
CR  - Stats SA (Statistics South Africa) (2016), Quarterly Labour Force Survey
CR  - Unemployment Decreases in the Fourth Quarter of 2015, http://www.statssa. gov.za/publications/P0211/Press_statement_QLFS_Q4_2015.pdf [Accessed 03.2016]
CR  - Swanepoel, J.W.H., Swanepoel, C.J., Van Graan, F.C., Allison, J.S. and Santana, L. (2010), Elementary Statistical Methods, 3 ed, Potchefstroom: AndCork. rd
CR  - Van Broekhuizen, H (2016), “Graduate Unemployment and Higher Education
CR  - Institutions in South Africa”, Bureau for Economic Research and Stellenbosch Economic Working Paper 08/16. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University. Walker, Melanie (2015), Student Perceptions of Employability and Inclusive
CR  - Development: South Africa, International Higher Education: The British Council Weligamage, Susima and Siengthai, Sununta (2003), “Employer Needs and Graduate Skills: The Gap Between Employer Expectations and Job Expectations of Sri Lankan University Graduates”, 9TH International Conference on Sri Lanka
CR  - Studies, Matara, Sri Lanka, 28-30 November 2003.
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijsshs/issue//275956
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/257151
ER  -