TY - JOUR TT - THE ECONOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBANISATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH (THE CASE OF EU COUNTRIES AND TURKEY) AU - Sancar, Cenap AU - Sancar, Canan PY - 2017 DA - July DO - 10.18092/ulikidince.287053 JF - Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi JO - IJEAS PB - Kenan ÇELİK WT - DergiPark SN - 1307-9832 SP - 1 EP - 24 IS - 19 KW - Kentleşme KW - Ekonomik Büyüme KW - AB Ülkeleri KW - Türkiye KW - Panel Eşbütünleşme N2 - The aim of this study is to determine whether there isa relationship between urbanisation and economic growth in terms of 13 EuropeanUnion Member countries and of Turkey as well as to determine the direction ofthis relationship, if it exists. In the study, GDP per capita was used as adependant variable where population density and employment rates of industryand services sectors, which represent the urbanisation, as well as theemployment rate of agriculture sector and general employment rate, which wereincluded in our model, were used as independent variables. The annual series ofthe variables of the model that was created within the scope of the study forthe period between 1990-2014 were analysed by panel co-integration method.According to panel causality test, there is a bilateral causality relationshipbetween GDP and employment rates of services, industry, and agriculturesectors. Additionally, there was a unilateral causality relationship from GDPtowards urban population density and towards general employment rate. Also,according to the DOLS and FMOLS results, the increases in urban populationdensity and in the employment rate of services sector have a positive effect onGDP per capita. Findings from the study show that urbanisation and economicgrowth are mutually dependent processes in 13 EU member countries and inTurkey. CR - Akbas, Y. E., Senturk, M., ve Sancar, C. (2013). Testing for Causality between the Foreign Direct Investment Current Account Deficit, GDP and Total Credit: Evidence from G7. Panoeconomıcus, 6, 791-812. Doi: 10.2298/PAN1306791A CR - Antrop, M. (2004). Landscape change and the urbanization process in Europe. Landscape and Urban Planning, 67, 9-26. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00026-4 CR - Bala, A. P. (2009). Urban Concentration and Economic Growth:checking for specific regional effects. CORE Discussion Paper, 38, 1-43. Retrieved from http://www.nber.org/papers/w7503 CR - Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. CR - Barro, R. J., ve Sala-i-Martin, X. (2004). Economic Growth. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. CR - Berke, B., Özcan, B.,ve Dizdarlar, H. I. ( 2014). Döviz Piyasasının Etkinliği: Türkiye için Bir Analiz. Akademik Bakış, 14(4), 621-636. Retrieved from CR - Bertinelli, L., ve Black, D. (2004). Urbanization and growth. Journal of Urban Economics, 56(1), 80-96. Retrieved from CR - Castells, D., ve Royuela, V. (2013). Urban concentration, infrastructures and economic growth. The University of East Anglia , 2-22. Retrieved from CR - Chen, M., Zhang, H., Liu, W., ve Zhang, W. (2014). The Global Pattern of Urbanization and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Last Three Decades. PLoS ONE 9(8): e103799. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103799. CR - Cheng, C. (2012). A study of dynamic econometric relationship between urbanization and service industries growth in China. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 6(1), 8-15. CR - Cohen, B. (2006). Urbanization in developing countries: Current trends,future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Technology in Society(28), 63-80. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2005.10.005 CR - Chen, M., Zhang, H., Liu, W., ve Zhang, W. (2014). The Global Pattern of Urbanization and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Last Three Decades. PLoS ONE 9(8): e103799. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103799. CR - Cheng, C. (2012). A study of dynamic econometric relationship between urbanization and service industries growth in China. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 6(1), 8-15. CR - Farahmand, S., Sameti, M., ve Sasan, S. S. (2010). Does the development level influence the relationship between economic growth and urban concentration?(Evidences from Mediterranean Countries and EU). Journal of Social and Economic Development, 12(2), 101-114. Retrieved from http://gdri.dreem.free.fr/wp-content/b1-2sameti-urbanconcentration.pdf CR - Gardner, B. L. (2005). Causes of rural economic development. Agricultural Economics, 32(1), 21-41. Doi: 10.1111/j.0169-5150.2004.00012.x CR - Grozdev, D. (2011). The Changing Dynamics of Urbanization in Developing Countries. Economic Research Center, 1-4. Retrieved from CR - Harris, N. (1988). Economic development and urbanisation. Habitat International, 12(3), 5-15. doi:10.1016/0197-3975(88)90057-4 CR - Henderson, J. V. (1988). ‘‘Urban Development: Theory, Fact, and Illusion’’. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. CR - Henderson, V. (2002). Urbanization in Developing Countries. The World Bank Research Observer, 17(1), 89-112. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3986401 CR - Henderson, V. (2003). The urbanization process and economic growth: The so-what question. Journal of Economic Growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 47-71. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40215937 CR - Hoang, N. T., ve Mcnown, R. F. (2006). Panel Data Unit Roots Tests Using Various Estimation Methods. Department of Economics - University of Colorado at Boulder, 1-28. Retrieved from CR - Hope, K. R. (1986). Urbanization and economic development in the third world: An overview. Cities, 3(1), 41-57. doi:10.1016/0264-2751(86)90005-3 CR - Hossain, M. S. (2011). Panel estimation for CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization of newly industrialized countries. 39(11), 6991–6999. Retrieved from CR - Huang, M., Hu, S., ve Su, X. (2013). Exploring the Relation between the Urbanization and Urban Employment in China Based on Panel Data and Time Series. 2013 Ninth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC) 1814-1819. Doi: 10.1109/ICNC.2013.6818278 CR - Hurlin, C., ve Dumitrescu, E. (2012). Testing for Granger Non-causality in Heterogeneous Panels. Economic Modelling, CR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.02.014 CR - Levin, A., Lin, C.-F., & Chu, C.-S. J. (2002). Unit root tests in panel data:asymptotic and "nite-sample properties. Journal of Econometrics , 108, 1-24. Retrieved from CR - Lewis, B. D. (2014). Urbanization and Economic Growth in Indonesia:Good News, Bad News and (Possible) Local Government Mitigation. Regional Studies, 48(1), 192-2007. Retrieved from CR - Liddle, B.,ve Messinis, G. (2014). Which comes firstUrbanization or economic growth? Evidence from heterogeneous panel causality tests. Accepted , 1-13. Retrieved from CR - Lo, D. Y. (2010). Urbanization and Economic Growth:Testing for Causality. Department of Real Estate and Construction The University of Hong Kong, 1-25. Retrieved from http://www.prres.net/papers/Lo_Urbanization_Economic_Growth_Testing_Causality.pdf CR - Mills, E. S., ve Becker, C. M. (1986). Studies in Indian Urban Development. Oxford: Oxford Üniversity Press. CR - Mills, E. S., ve Nijkamp, P. (1987). Advances in Urban Economics. Oxford: North-Holland. UR - https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.287053 L1 - http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/310129 ER -