@article{article_305569, title={DOPİNG AGENTS: MOLECULAR UNDERSTANDİNG OF THE İMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF ANABOLİC STEROİDS}, journal={The Turkish Journal Of Occupational / Environmental Medicine and Safety}, volume={Volume 2}, pages={100–100}, year={2017}, author={Corsını, Emanuela and Racchı, Marco}, keywords={DOPİNG AGENTS: MOLECULAR UNDERSTANDİNG OF THE İMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF ANABOLİC STEROİDS}, abstract={<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%">Anabolic drugs or anabolic steroids are molecules chemically related to testosterone, and with similar effects in the body. Hormones have an important role in homeostasis and function of the immune system, including sex hormones, which appear to have distinctive and exclusive roles in the development of the immune system and in shaping the immune responses. Evidence is accumulating on the existence of bidirectional interactions among oxidative stress, immune and endocrine systems and concern is warranted. <o:p> </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <!--[if gte vml 1]> <v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype> <v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style=’position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:5.5pt; margin-top:390.95pt;width:463.5pt;height:245pt;z-index:251657728;visibility:visible; mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;mso-position-vertical-relative:margin’ wrapcoords="-35 -66 -35 21600 21635 21600 21635 -66 -35 -66" stroked="t" strokecolor="#4f81bd"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ersan\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png" o:title=""/> <w:wrap type="tight" anchorx="margin" anchory="margin"/> </v:shape> <![endif]--> <!--[if !vml]--> <img width="620" height="329" src="file:///C:/Users/ersan/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png" align="left" hspace="12" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1"> <!--[endif]--> <o:p> </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"> <o:p>  </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%">RACK1 is the acronym for receptor for activated C kinase 1, encoded by a gene known as GNB2L1, guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like-1. RACK1 is involved in embryonic development, immune response, neuronal activity and addiction, and in circadian rhythm. At the cellular level, RACK1 is involved in a variety of signaling pathways and different aspects of cell regulation. Due to its plethora of interaction partners, RACK1 appears to be the fulcrum of cellular homeostasis, controlling essential cellular processes such as transcription, epigenetics and translation, cell proliferation and growth as well as cell spreading and cell-cell interactions. We previously demonstrated that RACK1 gene expression is negatively regulated by glucocorticoids, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, an endogenous anabolic androgenic steroid) has opposite effects on RACK1 expression and on the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity involved in immune cells activation. <o:p> </o:p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-heigh}, number={İssue 1 (1)}, publisher={Engin TUTKUN}