TY - JOUR T1 - Elements of Hard Landscape Design and New Approaches on Their Use TT - Sert Peyzaj Tasarım Elemanları ve Kullanımlarındaki Yeni Yaklaşımlar AU - Şentürk, Esra AU - Altınçekiç, Hakan PY - 2018 DA - December DO - 10.17475/kastorman.349918 JF - Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty PB - Kastamonu Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1303-2399 SP - 327 EP - 340 VL - 18 IS - 3 LA - en AB - Aim of study: The objective of the research is classification ofhard landscape design materials and reveal the new approaches in their usage.Area of study: This study was conducted in different cities ofEurope, Turkey and America.Material andMethods: First stage of the study methodconsists of determination of the research subject and its areas. Subsequentlyliterature research was carried out and studies conducted within our countryand abroad were examined. After sufficient information was obtained, it wasproceeded to field work. At this stage, hard landscape design elements wereexamined and photographed from different cities Europe, Turkey and America todetermine the new approaches in current usage.Main results: It is observed, in line with the evaluations made,that hard landscape designers can respond to contemporary approaches, newexpectations and applications and are intertwined with other disciplines suchas natural and social sciences as well as technical, visual, artistic andarchitectural, disciplines compared to the past. Researchhighlights: It has been tried to bring newoffers as regards the usage of hard landscape elements in landscape design workto be carried out in Turkey. Moreover, ecological use (selection of lightcolored materials, usage as to water saving and etc.) in addition to theirfunctional and aesthetic usage possibilities have also been included. KW - Elements of hard landscape design KW - horizontal elements KW - vertical elements KW - landscape design N2 - Çalışmanın amacı: Sert peyzaj tasarım elemanlarının sınıflandırılması vekullanımlarındaki yeni yaklaşımları ortaya koymaktır.Çalışma alanı: Bu çalışma Avrupa, Türkiye ve Amerika'nın farklı şehirlerindegerçekleştirilmiştir.Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma yönteminin ilk aşamasını araştırma konusunun ve alanlarınınbelirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Ardından literatür araştırması yapılmış, konu ileilgili yurt içinde ve dışında yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yeterlibilgiler elde edildikten sonra arazi çalışmasına geçilmiştir. Güncelkullanımlarındaki yeni yaklaşımları belirlemek amacıyla Avrupa, Amerika veTürkiye’den değişik kentlerde görsel saptamalar yapılmış ve sunulmayaçalışılmıştır.Temel Sonuçlar: Yapılan değerlendirmelerde sert peyzaj tasarım elemanlarının çağdaşyaklaşımlara, yeni beklentilere ve uygulamalara cevap verebildiği, geçmişeoranla doğal ve sosyal bilimlerle, teknik, görsel, sanatsal ve mimari gibidiğer disiplinlerle iç içe olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırma vurguları: Türkiye’de yapılacak peyzaj tasarım çalışmalarında, sert peyzajelemanlarının kullanımına yeni öneriler getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıcafonksiyonel ve estetik kullanım olanaklarına ek olarak ekolojik kullanımlarınada (açık renkli malzeme seçimi, su tasarrufuna yönelik kullanımları, vb.) yerverilmiştir. CR - Akdoğan, G., (1974). Bahçe ve Peyzaj Sanatı Tarihi, Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ankara. CR - Alexander, R., (2009). The Essential Garden Design Workbook, Timber Press Inc, Oregon, ISBN-13: 9780881929751. Altan, İ., (1992). 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