TY - JOUR T1 - Historicisizing World System Theory: Sugar and Coffee in Caribbean and in Chiapas TT - Dünya Sistemi Teorisini Tarihselleştirmek: Karayipler’de Şeker ve Chiapas’ta Kahve Üretimi AU - Balkılıç, Özgür PY - 2018 DA - September Y2 - 2018 DO - 10.21547/jss.380759 JF - Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi JO - GAUN-JSS PB - Gaziantep Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1303-0094 SP - 1298 EP - 1310 VL - 17 IS - 4 LA - en AB - The world systemtheory has been developed during the 1960s and 1970s in order to explain therelationship between developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. Themain assumption of this theory is that economic and political dynamics in theworld have progressed from the late 16th century towards contemporary ages tomeet the necessities of the core capitalist countries and resulted in unequaland dependent relations. Consequently, while an advanced economy and democraticpolitical institutions emerged in the developed countries, the developing andunderdeveloped countries whose natural resources and economic assets are beingexploited by the core countries are subjected to a backward economy andpolitically instable systems. However, the world system theory has not goneunchallenged; on the contrary, a considerable amount of social scientistsaccused it of being overwhelmingly functionalist. According to them, thistheory can be misleading especially when it ignores the local dynamics thathave not been necessarily shaped by the necessities of the core countries.Following this criticisms, this paper will argue that the world system theoryshould be revised by incorporating local factors in developing andunderdeveloped countries as well as those existed in the developed countries inan effort to develop a more comprehensive approach. In doing so, the articlewill analyze the development of labor processes in sugar and coffee productionin Caribbean and Chiapas, respectively. KW - The World System Theory KW - Labor Process KW - Sugar Production in Caribbean KW - Coffee Production in Chiapas N2 - Dünya sistemiteorisi 1960’lı ve 1970’li yıllarda gelişmemiş, gelişmekteolan ve gelişmiş ülkeler arasındaki iktisadi, siyasi ve kültürel ilişkileriaçıklamak için geliştirildi. Teorinin temel varsayımı dünya ölçeğinde 16.yüzyıldan günümüze değin meydana gelen iktisadi ve siyasi gelişmelerin bucoğrafyalar arasında eşitsiz ve bağımlı ilişkilere yol açtığıydı. Sonuç olarak,gelişmiş ülkelerde gelişkin bir ekonomi ve köklü demokratik-siyasi kurumlarortaya çıkarken, doğal kaynaklarına ve iktisadi varlıklarına gelişkin ülkelertarafından el konulan gelişmemiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde geri bir ekonomive istikrarsız bir siyasi sistem meydana gelmektedir. Ancak, araştırmacılar dünyasistemi teorisinin ciddi eksikleri olduğunu belirtmekten de geri durmadılar. Buteorinin en ciddi eksiklikleri yerel tarihsel süreçleri dikkate almaması ve bunoktayla ilintili olarak da alt sınıfları tarihsel dönüşümlerin basit nesneleridurumuna indirgemesiydi. Bu eksikliği gidermek için araştırmacılar kapitalizminAvrupa dışındaki coğrafyalarda yayılışını açıklarken meta zincirlerinin yereldinamiklerine ve yerelliklerdeki emek süreçlerine eğildiler. Bu makalede, 16.yüzyıldan itibaren dünya ticaretinin en önemli metalarından ikisi olan şeker vekahve üretiminin yerel dinamikleri hesaba katmadan anlaşılamayacağıvurgulanıyor ve özellikle potansiyel üreticiyi toprağa ve üretime bağlamak içinuygulanan emek stratejilerinin yerel boyutlarının kahve ve şeker üretiminibelirleyen faktörlerden biri olduğu iddia ediliyor. Bu anlamda, makale 16. ve17. yüzyılda Karayipler’de şeker ve 19. yüzyılda Meksika-Chiapas’da kahveüretiminde emek stratejileri üzerine odaklanıyor. 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The origin of capitalism: A Longer View. London & New York: Verso. UR - https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.380759 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/543464 ER -