@article{article_391746, title={Frozen Shoulder: Diagnosis – Treatment}, journal={Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty}, volume={39}, pages={211–218}, year={2013}, author={Atıcı, Teoman and Şahin, Namık and Mocan, Mehmet Tunç and Kaleli, Hüseyin Tufan}, keywords={Donuk omuz. Adesiv kapsulit. Interskalen anestezi. Manüplasyon}, abstract={Frozen shoulder is a common disease characterized with pain, fibrosis and contracture at the joint capsule and loss of active and passive movements of the shoulder joint. Even though the capsular contracture is histologically and macroscopically enlightened, pathological background of the syndrome could not be understood clearly. Frozen shoulder might be seen without observing any predispositional factor or can primarily be diagnosed on people with systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus or secondarily who suffered shoulder related symp-toms before. Physical control and patients background information check is enough during the examination. It is diagnosed with the charac-teristic feature of pain and the external rotation limitation of the shoulder joint. Although imagining methods remain incapable, in recent years the criteria on MRI are defined to confirm the diagnosis. Most patients benefit from active- passive stretching exercises, though the patients who did not go through conservative treatment for six months need to be treated surgically as manipulation under anesthesia and arthroscopic – open surgical release.}, number={3}, publisher={Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi}