TY  - JOUR
T1  - ETGAR KERET’İN “DOMUZU KIRMAK” ADLI KISA ÖYKÜSÜNÜN TAHLİLİ
TT  - The Analysis of Etgar Keret’s Short Story “Breaking the Pig”
AU  - Sarıbaş, Alper
PY  - 2019
DA  - June
Y2  - 2019
DO  - 10.32330/nusha.485130
JF  - Nüsha
JO  - Yer Aldığı İndeksler ve Veritabanları
PB  - Oku Anonim Şirketi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1303-0752
SP  - 27
EP  - 42
VL  - 19
IS  - 48
LA  - tr
AB  - 1967 yılında Ramat Gan şehrinde dünyaya gelenEtgar Keret modern İsrail edebiyatının ve sinemasının en önemlikarakterlerinden birisidir. Yazar yirmi beş yaşında iken Borular (צנורות –Tsinorot) adlı öykü antolojisini 1992 yılında yayımlamış olsa da 1994 yılındayayımladığı Kissinger’a Özlemler (געגועי לקיסינג'ר - Ga‘agu‘ay Le’Kissinger) adlıikinci öykü antolojisinden sonra İsrail edebiyatında çok önemli bir konum eldeeder. İsrail toplumu tarafından kutsal sayılan siyasi, dini ve askeri değerlerialaycı bir üslupla ele alan yazar, öykülerinde aile ilişkilerinin yanı sıradostluk ve gönül ilişkilerine odaklanmaktadır. Bazıedebiyat eleştirmenleri tarafından İsrail toplumun değerlerine zarar vermekleve bu değerlere saygı duymamakla suçlanan Keret, öykülerinde aslında Siyonisthareket tarafından sömürülen belirli değerlere farklı ve çok daha hassas birtutum sergilemektedir. Öykülerindeyer verdiği kahramanlar genellikle anti kahraman olarak nitelendirilir ancak bukahramanların birçoğu içinde yaşadıkları toplumun kendilerine dayatmayaçalıştığı değer yargılarını görmezden gelir ve kendi doğrularına sadık kalır. Bubağlamda Kissinger’a Özlemler koleksiyonunda yer alan Lişbor etHahazir (Domuzu Kırmak) adlı kısa öyküsünün temelinde de baba-oğul ilişkisiüzerinden maddiyatçılık eleştirisi yatar. Etgar Keret, bu kısa öyküde ekonomiksistemin dayatmasını ve onun evdeki temsilcisi babanın isteğini görmezden gelenbir çocuğun olgunluğa adım atmasını işler. Birçok öyküsü sinemaya uyarlananyazarın bu öyküsü, en meşhur öykülerinden biri olur.
KW  - Etgar Keret
KW  - modern İsrail kısa öyküsü
KW  - kısa öykü
KW  - Domuzu Kırmak
KW  - modern İsrail kısa öyküsü
N2  - Etgar Keret who was born in 1967 in Ramat Gan is one of the mostimportant figures of 21th-century Israeli literature and cinema. Although hepublished his first book of short stories, Pipes (צנורות – Tsinorot), when he wasonly twenty-five years old, in 1992, it was with his second book, MissingKissinger (געגועילקיסינג'ר - Ga‘agu‘ay Le’Kissinger), (1994), thatKeret attracted the attention of literary circles. Adopting a derisive attitude toward the political,religious and military values held sacred by the Israeli society, the authorfocuses in his stories on the relations between family members as well as onfriendships and relationships. Taken to task by some literary critics forallegedly injuring the values of Israeli society and lacking these valueshimself, Keret in fact adopts an alternative, more critical approach to certainvalues exploited by the Zionist movement. The characters who take part in hisstories usually have been described as antiheroes but most of them ignore thevalues, even when those are accepted by the society they live in, and stay toloyal their beliefs. In this regard, the subject of his short story Breakingthe Pig (לשבור את החזיר) which found in the MissingKissenger is the criticism of materialism through the father-sonrelations. Etgar Keret,in this short story, shows how a child grows mature, but not in the waydemanded by the economic system and its representative in the house, his father. This short story has become one of the most famous stories of EtgarKeret, many of which have been adapted for the cinema as well.Structured AbstractSince the early nineties Etgar Keret has become world-famous with hiscomic books and short stories, more than forty of which have been adapted forthe cinema as well. Although he published his first book of short stories,Pipes (צנורות– Tsinorot), when he was only twenty-five years old,in 1992, it was with his second book, Missing Kissinger (געגועי לקיסינג'ר- Ga‘agu‘ay Le’Kissinger), (1994), that Keret attracted the attention ofliterary circles. Adopting a derisive attitude toward the political, religiousand military values held sacred by the Israeli society, the author focuses inhis stories on the relations between family members as well as on friendshipsand relationships. Taken to task by some literary critics for allegedlyinjuring the values of Israeli society and lacking these values himself, Keretin fact adopts an alternative, more critical approach to certain values exploitedby the Zionist movement.The subject of his short story Breaking the Pig (לשבור את החזיר) is the criticism of materialism through thefather-son relations, found inhis second book. The protagonist of this story is a child called Yoav, whorequests his father to buy him a Bart Simpson toy. His father firmly turns downthis request. Stating that his son should learn to apprise the value of moneyand the things bought with it, he buys his son a piggy bank instead. In returnfor his son drinking a glass of hot cocoa with the skin each day, he gives hima shekel to be dropped into the piggy bank. Initially, Yoav drinks the cocoawith the skin only in order to buy the Bart Simpson toy. Eventually, however,he becomes emotionally attached to the piggy bank.His nuclear family is a patriarchal one. Since the father figure in thestory is responsible for earning a living for the entire family, his authorityon his son and wife is strong. The mother figure, in turn, fulfills acomplementary role in the story, serving to throw into relief the relationsbetween the father and the son. Accordingly, Yoav’s father acts as the decisionmaker in the house, and wants to impose on his son what he regards as thecorrect way proceeding. In consumer societies everything has a price,calculated in terms of money. The simple system of barter established betweenthe son and the father (a shekel in return for a glass of cocoa with the skin)points to “money” as the most important link in the current economic system.It is only natural for parents today to raise their children inaccordance with their own values. However, the father in the story is notexpecting his son to develop an attitude that would benefit himself, hisfamily, or the society. In contrast, he is expecting him to grow out of theinnocence of childhood to learn to love money and things bought with it. Inother words, he tries to make his son understand that all things he sees aroundhave a price. In this respect, he adopts a thoroughly materialistic attitude.Although Yoav eventually rebels against this attitude, which lies at thebasis of the entire modern economic system, he acts instinctually at first.According to our protagonist, who has a powerful imagination, once upon a timethere lived in postboxes a man called Pesahzon. The name Pesahzon also callsinto mind the Pesah fest celebrated by the Jews as marking their escape fromslavery in Egypt. Yoav begins to call the piggy bank by this name, as heregards and treats it as a real animal. He even imagines himself to be feedingthe pig as he drops the shekels he has received from his father into the slotat its back. He has in fact found the uninterested love he needed in the pig,and he similarly loves it without any expectations in return.Although Yoav obediently fulfilled the demands of his father until then,his new, profound love for his pig hero leads him to rebel against his father’snew command to break the piggy bank and retrieve the money inside in order tobuy the Bart Simpson toy he wanted so much at the beginning. Yoav is no longeracting instinctually; he flees from home with his pig friend once his fatherfalls asleep. Walking a while with the pig at his hand, he finally leaves thepig with all the money inside at a field. Although a little child, he acts likea mature person in giving up Bart Simpson to save his friend’s life. What hereally leaves at the field, therefore, is his innocence, and he steps in theworld of realities in this way.This final refusal of the protagonist to be “educated” by his father iswhat lends its striking quality to the end of the story. Yoav does not beg andcry in an effort to try and to persuade his parents to let him continue livingwith the pig friend he loves so much. He behaves maturely, preparing andcarrying out a plan of his own.Thus Etgar Keret, in his short story Breaking the Pig, shows how a childgrows mature, but not in the way demanded by the economic system and itsrepresentative in the house, his father. First he instinctually gets to lovethe piggy bank for its own sake, not for the money deposited in it, and thenshows himself independent enough to save it without help from his parents, evenforgoing the Bart Simpson toy he had wanted so much in the beginning. Indeed,it is precisely this special love for the piggy bank that runs counter to allthe values of the current capitalistic consumer society that allows him toreach maturity.
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CR  - İnternet Kaynakları
CR  - Basile, Nancy. (2018). The Simpsons. Erişim Tarihi: 18.11.2018, https://www.thoughtco.com/the-simpsons-main-characters-137323.
CR  - Galron-Goldşlager, Yosef. (2017). אתגר קרת (Etgar Keret). Erişim Tarihi: 18.11.2018, https://library.osu.edu/projects/hebrew-lexicon/00226.php.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.32330/nusha.485130
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/719047
ER  -