TY - JOUR TT - EFFECTS OF GLUCOSE INGESTION 45 AND 60 MINUTE BEFOREEXERCISE ON RUNNING PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD GLUCOSECONCENTRATION AU - Tutkun, Erkut AU - Atan, Tülin PY - 2005 DA - August DO - 10.1501/Sporm_0000000050 JF - SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi PB - Ankara Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1304-284X SP - 115 EP - 122 VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Hentbol KW - glikoz KW - mekik koşu KW - laktik asit N2 - The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of glucose ingestion before exercise on running performance and blood glucose concentration. 30 male handball players who play in Turkish Super League (age: 22,900±2,591 year, body weight: 76,043±3,709 kg, height: 181,300±5,305 cm) participated this study. The subjects ingested a glucose solution (1 gr per kg of body mass in 350 ml water) 45 minute and 60 minute prior to 20 m shuttle run test and a placebo one prior to test. Each subject performed shuttle run exercise separated by a week. Earlobe blood samples were taken; before glucose ingestion (resting levels), every 15 minutes after glucose ingestion until the exercise starts and immediately after the exercise for the determination of blood glucose levels. Blood lactic acid levels were measured before glucose ingestion (resting levels) and after 5 minutes of exercise. Resting blood glucose levels that measured before glucose ingestion (placebo: 78,300±5,052 mg/dl, 45 minute: 78,266±3,571 mg/dl, 60 minute: 78,033±5,580 mg/dl) were not found significantly different (p>0,05). The blood glucose values (placebo: 78,633±4,552 mg/dl, 45 minute: 111,766±11,119 mg/dl, 60 minute: 97,466±14,407 mg/dl) that measured immediately before exercise were found significantly different (p<0,01). Blood glucose levels began to increase after glucose ingestion and the peak blood glucose values were reached within 30 minutes after glucose ingestion. The blood glucose values (placebo: 86,066±7,441 mg/dl, 45 minute: 84,100±16,346 mg/dl ve 60 minute: 81,500±14,359 mg/dl) that measured immediately after exercise were not found significantly different (p>0,05). It was determined that glucose ingesting didn’t significantly effect the shuttle run performance and lactic acid levels (p>0,05). The results of this study show that ingesting glucose in different times before exercise effected the blood glucose concentration but didn’t effect the shuttle run performance and blood lactic acid levels CR - 1. Baysal, A.,Beslenme. 7. Baskı, H.Ü. Yayınları, Ankara,1997. CR - 2. Marmy-Conus, N., Fabris, S., Protetto, J., Hargreaves, M.,Preexercise glucose ingestion and glucose kinetics during exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 81(2), 853-857,1996. CR - 3. Romijn, J.A., Coyle, E.F., Sidossis, L.S., Gastaldelli, A., Horowitz, J.F., Endert, E., Wolfe, R.R.,Regulation of endogenous fat and carbohydrate metabolism in relation to exercise intensity and duration. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 265, 380- 391,1993. CR - 4. Paker, S.,Sporda Beslenme. 4. Baskı, Onay Ajans, Ankara,1998. CR - 5. Ersoy, G.,Egzersiz ve Spor Yapanlar için Beslenme ile İlgili Temel İlkeler. Geliştirilmiş 2. Baskı, Ankara,2000. CR - 6. Spendiff, O., Campbell, I.G.,Influence of glucose ingestion prior to prolonged exercise on selected responses of wheelchair athletes. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 20, 80-90,2003. CR - 7. Chryssanthopoulos, C., Hennesy, M.C.L. Williams, C.,The influence of pre-exercise glucose ingestion on endurance running capacity. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(2), 105-109,1994. CR - 8. Sherman, W.M., Costill, D.L., Fink, W.J., Miller, J.M.,Effect of diet-exercise manipulation on muscle glycogen and its subsequent utilisation during performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(2), 114-118,1981. CR - 9. Neufer, D.P., Costill, D.L., Flynn, M.G., Kirwan, J.P., Mitchell, J.B., Houmard, J., Improvements in exercise performance: effects of carbohydrate feedings and diet. Journal of Applied Physiology, 62(3), 983-988,1987. CR - 10. Wright, J., Sherman, W.M., Dernbach, A.R.,Carbohydrate feedings before, during or in combination improve cycling endurance performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 71(3), 1082-1088,1991. CR - 11. Keller, K., Schwarzkopf, R.,Preexercise snacks may decrease exercise performance. Physician and Sports Medicine, 12, 89- 91,1984. CR - 12. Foster, C., Costill, D.L., Fink, W.J.,Effects of preexercise feedings on endurance performance. Medicine and Science in Sports, 11, 1-5,1979. CR - 13. Hargreaves, M., Costill, D.L., Fink, W.J., King, D.S., Fielding, R.A.,Effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate feedings on endurance cycling performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 19(1), 33-36,1987. CR - 14. Febbraio, M.A., Stewart, K.L.,Carbohydrate feedings before prolonged exercise: effect of glycemic index on muscle glycogenolysis and exercise performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 81(2), 1115-1120,1986. CR - 15. Sparks, M.J., Selig, S.S., Febbraio, M.A.,Pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion: effect of the glycemic index on endurance exercise performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(6), 844-849,1998. CR - 16. Febbraio, M.A., Keenan, J., Angus, D.J., Campbell, S.E., Garnham, A.P., Preexercise carbohydrate ingestion, glucose kinetics, and muscle glycogen use: effect of the glycemic index. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(5), 1845-1851,2000. CR - 17. Gleeson, M., Maughan, R.J., Greenhaff, P.,Comparison of the effects of pre-exercise feeding on glucose glycerol and placebo on endurance and fuel homeostasis in man. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 55(6), 645-653,1986. CR - 18. Kirwan, J.P., Gorman, D.O., Evans, W.J.,A moderate glycemic meal before endurance exercise performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 84(1), 53-59,1998. CR - 19. Jentjens, R.L.P.G., Jeukendrup, A.E.,Prevalence of hypoglycemia following pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion is not accompanied by higher insulin sensitivity. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 12(4), 398-413,2002. CR - 20. Costill, D.L., Coyle, E., Dalsky, G., Evans, W., Hoopes, D.,Effects of elevated plasma FFA and insulin on muscle glycogen usage during exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 43(4), 695-699,1977. CR - 21. McMurray, R.G., Wilson, J.R., Kitchell, B.S.,The effects of fructose and glucose on high intensity endurance performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 54(2), 156-162,1983. CR - 22. Hawley, J.A., Burke, L.M.,Effect of meal frequency and timing on physical performance. British Journal of Nutrition, 77(1), 91- 103,1997. CR - 23. Jentjens, R.L.P.G., Cale, C., Gutch, C., Jeukendrup, A.E.,Effects of pre-exercise ingestion of differing amounts of carbohydrate on subsequent metabolism and cycling performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(4), 444-452,2003. CR - 24. Smith, G.J.,Rhodes, E.C., Langill, R.H.,The effect of pre-exercise glucose ingestion on performance during prolonged swimming. International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 12(2), 136-144,2002. CR - 25. Snyder, A.C., Moorhead, K., Luedtke, J., Small, M., Carbohydrate consumption prior to repeated bouts of high intensity exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66(2), 141-145,1993. CR - 26. Jandrain, B., Krzentowski, G., Pirnay, F., Mosora, F., Lacroix, M., Luyckx, A., Lefebvre, P.,Metabolic availability of glucose ingested 3h before prolonged exercise in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 56(5), 1314-1319,1994. CR - 27. Decombaz, J., Sartori, D., Arnaud, M.J., Thelin, A.L. Schürch, P., Howald, H., Oxidation and metabolic effects of fructose or glucose ingested before exercise. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(5), 282-286,1985. CR - 28. Gleeson, M., Maughan, R.J., Greenhaff, P.,Comparison of the effects of pre-exercise feeding on glucose glycerol and placebo on endurance and fuel homeostasis in man. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 55(6), 645-653,1986. CR - 29. Thomas, D.E., Brotherhood, J.R., Miller, J.B.,Plasma glucose levels after prolonged strenuous exercise correlate inversely with glycemic response to food consumed before exercise. International Journal of Sports Nutrition, 4(4), 361-373,1984. CR - 30. Short, K.R., Sheffield, M., Costill, D.L.,Glycemic and insulinemic responses to multiple preexercise carbohydrate feedings. International Journal of Sports Nutrition, 7(2), 128-137,1997. CR - 31. Gleeson, M., Maughan, R.J., Greenhaff, P.,Comparison of the effects of pre-exercise feeding on glucose glycerol and placebo on endurance and fuel homeostasis in man. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 55(6), 645-653,1986. CR - 32. Coggan, A.R., Coyle, E.F.,Reversal of fatigue during prolonged exercise by carbohydrate infusion or ingestion. Journal of Applied Physiology, 63(6), 2388-2395,1987. CR - 33. Hargreaves, M., Costill, D.L., Katz, A., Fink, W.J.,Effect of fructose ingestion on muscle glycogen usage during exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 17(3), 360-363,1985. CR - 34. Mitchell, J.B., Braun, W.A., Pizza, F.X., Forrest, M.,Pre-exercise carbohydrate and fluid ingestion: influence of glycemic response on 10-km treadmill running performance in the heat. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 40(1), 41-50,2000. CR - 35. Goodpaster, B.H., Costill, D.L., Fink, W.J., Trappe, T.A., Jozsi, A.C., Starling, R.D., Trappe, S.W.,The effects of pre-exercise starch ingestion on endurance performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 17(5), 366-372,1996. CR - 36. Achten, J., Jeukendrup, A.E.,Effects of pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses during subsequent exercise at differing intensities. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(4), 466-471,2003. CR - 37. Moseley, L., Lancaster, G., Jeukendrup, A.E.,Effects of timing of pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate on subsequent metabolism and cycling performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(4), 453-458,2003. CR - 38. Ventura, J.L., Estruch, A., Rodas, G., Segura, R. (1994). Effect of prior ingestion of glucose or fructose on the performance of exercise of intermediate duration. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 68(4), 345-349. CR - 39. Anantaraman, R., Carmines, A.A., Gaesser, G.A., Weltman, A.,Effects of carbohydrate supplementation on performance during 1 hour of high-intensity exercise. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 16(7), 461-465,1995. CR - 40. Nishibata, I., Sadamoto, T., Mutoh, Y., Miyashita, M.,Glucose ingestion before and during exercise does not enhance performance of daily repeated endurance exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66(1), 65-69,1993. CR - 41. Kuipers, H., Fransen, E.J., Keizer, H.A.,Pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate and transient hypoglycemia during exercise. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 20(4), 227-231,1999. UR - https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000050 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/603212 ER -