TY  - JOUR
TT  - Effect of International Paralympics Summer Youth Camp on self-esteem
AU  - Demirel, Aynur
AU  - Uyan, Ayça
AU  - Ergun, Nevin
PY  - 2016
DA  - April
JF  - Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation
JO  - JETR
PB  - Yavuz YAKUT
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2148-8819
SP  - 9
EP  - 14
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
LA  - en
KW  - Self-esteem
KW  - Camping
KW  - Disabled children
N2  - Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the changes in self-esteem in children with disabilities participating the First International Paralympics Youth Summer Camp.Methods: Thirty disabled children from the United States (USA), Kenya, and Turkey with visual impairments and physical disabilities (17M, 13F, 7 visual impairment, 23 physical disability, mean age: 14.77±1.64 years) participated in this study. Eligibility criteria for admission were to be native English and Turkish speaker and willingness to participate. Turkish and English version of a valid and reliable the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were applied to the children on the first and the last days of the camp to assess the changes in self-esteem levels. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the differences in selfesteem between pre-and post-camp conditions.Results: Self-esteem level increased significantly in children from Turkey but decreased significantly in children from Kenya at the end of the camp (p<0.05). There was no significant change in self-esteem level of children from USA (p=0.66).Conclusion: It is recommended that camps with different durations and more participants in further studies should be organized to determine the effects of camps on the self-esteem.
CR  - 1. World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons. Available from:http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/diswpa04.htm.
CR  - 2. World Report on Disability. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70670/1/WHO_NMH_VIP_11.01_eng.pdf
CR  - 3. Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:126-131.
CR  - 4. Cooper RA, Quatrano LA, Axelson PW, et al. Research on physical activity and health among people with disabilities: a consensus statement. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1999;36:142-145.
CR  - 5. Richardson SA, Hastorf AH, Dornbusch SM. Effects of physical disability on a child's description of himself. Child Development. 1964;35:893-907.
CR  - 6. Bent N, Jones A, Molloy I, et al. Factors determining participation in young adults with a physical disability: a pilot study. Clin Rehabil.
2001;15:552-561.
CR  - 7. Ekeland E, Heian F, Hagen KB, et al. Exercise to improve self‐esteem in children and young people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
2004;(1):CD003683.
CR  - 8. Gilmour B, McDermott W. Avoiding the "pinball machine approach" to promoting social competence: Hitting the target by chance or by design. The Camping Magazine. 2008;81(3):56.
CR  - 9. Thurber CA, Scanlin MM, Scheuler L, et al. Youth development outcomes of the camp experience: Evidence for multidimensional
growth. J Youth Adolescence. 2007;36:241-254.
CR  - 10. Colyn L, DeGraaf D, Certan D. Social capital and organized camping, it’s about community. The Camping Magazine. 2008:30-36.
CR  - 11. Dworken BS. Research reveals the assets of camp: parents and campers give their opinions. The Camping Magazine. 2001;74(5):40-43.
CR  - 12. Available from: http: //www.acacamps.org. Accessed February 18, 2016.
CR  - 13. Kinney W, Coyle CP. Predicting life satisfaction among adults with physical disabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73:863-869.
CR  - 14. Miyahara M, Piek J. Self-esteem of children and adolescents with physical disabilities: quantitative evidence from meta-analysis. J Dev Phys Disabil. 2006;18:219-234.
CR  - 15. Dimock HS, Hendry CE. Camping and character: A camp experiment in character education: New York: Association Press; 1929.
CR  - 16. Michalski JH, Mishna F, Worthington C, et al. A multi-method impact evaluation of a therapeutic summer camp program. Child Adolesc Soc Work J. 2003;20:53-76.
CR  - 17. Brittain I. Perceptions of disability and their impact upon involvement in sport for people with disabilities at all levels. J Sport Soc Issues. 2004;28:429-52.
CR  - 18. Henderson KA, Whitaker LS, Bialeschki MD, et al. Summer camp experiences parental perceptions of youth development outcomes. J Fam Issues. 2007;28:987-1007.
CR  - 19. Kew F. Sport: Social problems and issues: Taylor & Francis; 2009.
CR  - 20. Brookman L, Boettcher M, Klein E, et al. Facilitating social interactions in a community summer camp setting for children with autism. J Posit Behav Interv. 2003;5:249-252.
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jetr/article/504318
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/610243
ER  -