TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Temperature, Salinity and Sodium Bicarbonate on Germination of Russian Tumbleweed (Salsola ruthenica Iljin.) TT - Effect of Temperature, Salinity and Sodium Bicarbonate on Germination of Russian Tumbleweed (Salsola ruthenica Iljin.) AU - Tepe, İsik AU - Dımen, Meryem PY - 2019 DA - July Y2 - 2019 JF - Turkish Journal of Weed Science JO - Turk J Weed Sci PB - Türkiye Herboloji Derneği WT - DergiPark SN - 1303-6491 SP - 1 EP - 6 VL - 22 IS - 1 LA - en AB - Russiantumbleweed (Salsola ruthenica Iljin.)is a plant, which commonly places in agricultural areas, orchards, androadsides. The aim of this study is to obtain information about seedgermination physiology of Russian tumbleweed. The results may help improvecontrol strategies for this weed, and enlighten to further studies. For thispurpose, mature seeds of Russian tumbleweed were collected from the areas ofnear Lake Van in 2015. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory conditionsto determine the effect of temperature, salinity (NaCl), and sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) on seed germination of Russian tumbleweed. Seeds weregerminated at five alternating temperatures (5/10, 10/20, 15/25, 20/30, and25/35 ºC), five salt concentrations (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mM NaCl) andfive sodium bicarbonate concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mM NaHCO3)with a 12 h photoperiod. OGT obtained at 15/25 ºC and germination percentagewas 71.5%. The highest germination rate was determined at 0 mM (control) NaCland NaHCO3, 71.5% and 65.5%, respectively. Finally, although it isknown a halophyte plant, Russian tumbleweed hasbetter germination rates whenit place salt or soda free mediums. KW - Russian tumbleweed KW - Salsola ruthenica KW - salt KW - seed germination KW - sodium bicarbonate N2 - Russiantumbleweed (Salsola ruthenica Iljin.)is a plant, which commonly places in agricultural areas, orchards, androadsides. The aim of this study is to obtain information about seedgermination physiology of Russian tumbleweed. The results may help improvecontrol strategies for this weed, and enlighten to further studies. For thispurpose, mature seeds of Russian tumbleweed were collected from the areas ofnear Lake Van in 2015. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory conditionsto determine the effect of temperature, salinity (NaCl), and sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) on seed germination of Russian tumbleweed. Seeds weregerminated at five alternating temperatures (5/10, 10/20, 15/25, 20/30, and25/35 ºC), five salt concentrations (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mM NaCl) andfive sodium bicarbonate concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mM NaHCO3)with a 12 h photoperiod. OGT obtained at 15/25 ºC and germination percentagewas 71.5%. The highest germination rate was determined at 0 mM (control) NaCland NaHCO3, 71.5% and 65.5%, respectively. Finally, although it isknown a halophyte plant, Russian tumbleweed hasbetter germination rates whenit place salt or soda free mediums. CR - CABI (2018) CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Available at: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/50297#tab1 (Accessed July 2018). CR - Chen S, Xing J and Lan H (2012) Comparative effects of neutral salt and alkaline salt stress on seed germination, early seedling growth and physiological response of a halophyte species Chenopodium glaucum. African Journal of Biotechnology 11, 9572–9581. CR - Côme D (1982) Germination, pp. 129–225 in Mazliak, P. (Ed.) Physiologie Végétale II Croissance et Développement. Hermann, Paris. CR - Cinar IB, Ayyildiz G, Yaprak AE and Tug GN (2016) Effect of salinity and light on germination of Salsola grandis Freitag, Vural & N. Adiguzel (Chenopodiaceae). Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C 25, 25–32. CR - Davis PH (1967). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Island, vol. 2. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press. CR - Degens ET, Wong HK, Kempe S and Kurtman F (1984) A geological study of Lake Van, Eastern Turkey. Geologische Rundschau 73, 731–734. CR - FAO (2006) World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006, A Framework for International Classification, Correlation and Communication. FAO World Soil Resources Reports 103, Rome. CR - Guma IR, Padrón-Mederos MA, Santos-Guerra A and Reyes-Betancort JA (2010) Effect of temperature and salinity on germination of Salsola vermiculata L. (Chenopodiaceae) from Canary Islands. Journal of Arid Environments 74, 708–711. CR - Gülser F, Turkoglu N and Gazioglu RI (2000) Determination of malnutrition of Acacia in Yüzüncü Yıl campus area. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Desertification, 13–17 June 2000, Konya, 471–476. CR - Khan MA, Gul B and Weber DJ (2002) Seed germination in the Great Basin halophyte Salsola iberica. Canadian Journal of Botany 80, 650–655. CR - Mosyakin SL (1996) A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Salsola (Chenopodiaceae) in North America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 83, 387–395. CR - Murdoch AJ and Ellis RH (2000) Dormancy, viability and longevity, chap. 8. in Fenner M. (Ed.) Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities, 2nd edition. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. CR - Ning L, Hua-Feng L, Zun-Chi L, Zheng-Xia C, Qiao-Mei L and Tong L (2015) Specificity of germination of heteromorphic seeds in four annuals (Salsola L.) at different temperatures in the Junggar Basin. Pakistan Journal of Botany 47, 867–876. CR - Obali A (2009) Researches on the germination biology of Russian thistle (Salsola kali subsp. ruthenica (Iljin) soo.) seeds. Master thesis, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences of Selçuk University, Konya, 31 pp. CR - Peel MC, Finlayson BL and McMahon TA (2007) Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, 1633–1644. CR - Rasheed A, Hameed A, Khan MA and Gul B (2015) Effects of salinity, temperature, light and dormancy regulating chemicals on seed germination of Salsola drummondii Ulbr. Pakistan Journal of Botany 47, 11–19. CR - Reimer A, Landmann G and Kempe S (2009) Lake Van, Eastern Anatolia, hydrochemistry and history. Aquatic Geochemistry 15, 195–222. CR - SAS (2015) Statistical Analysis Software, SAS/STAT 9.4. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA. CR - Tepe I (1989) Van ve yöresinde hububat alanlarında yabancı otlar ve dağılışları. Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi 13, 1315–1329. CR - TSMS (2014) Reports of Turkish State Meteorological Service, Ankara, Turkey. CR - TUBIVES (2018) Turkish Plants Data Service. Avaliable at: http://www.tubives.com/ index .php?sayfa=karsilastir (Accessed July 2018). CR - Wang Y, Jiang GQ, Han YN and Liu MM (2013) Effects of salt, alkali and salt–alkali mixed stresses on seed germination of the halophyte Salsola ferganica (Chenopodiaceae). Acta Ecologica Sinica 33, 354–360. CR - Xing J, Cai M, Chen S, Chen L and Lan H (2013) Seed germination, plant growth and physiological responses of Salsola ikonnikovii to short–term NaCl stres. Plant Biosystems 147, 285–297. CR - Yazlik A and Tepe I (2001) Van ve yöresinde elma ve armut bahçelerindeki yabancı otlar ve dağılışları üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye Herboloji Dergisi 4, 11–20. CR - Yigit F and Guncan A (1997) Dikenli çöğen (Salsola kali L.) tohumlarının bazı biyolojik özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar. Proceedings of the Türkiye II. Herboloji Kongresi, 1–4 September 1997, Ayvalık-İzmir, 445–450. CR - Zhang H, Zhang G, Lü X, Zhou D and Han X (2015) Salt tolerance during seed germination and early seedling stages of 12 halophytes. Plant Soil 388, 229–241. UR - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tjws/issue//519179 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/753869 ER -